645
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 645 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 645 DCXLV |
| Ab urbe condita | 1398 |
| Armenian calendar | 94 ԹՎ ՂԴ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5395 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 566–567 |
| Bengali calendar | 52 |
| Berber calendar | 1595 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1189 |
| Burmese calendar | 7 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6153–6154 |
| Chinese calendar | Giáp thầnNăm (WoodDragon) 3342 or 3135 — to — Ất tị năm (WoodSnake) 3343 or 3136 |
| Coptic calendar | 361–362 |
| Discordian calendar | 1811 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 637–638 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4405–4406 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| -Vikram Samvat | 701–702 |
| -Shaka Samvat | 566–567 |
| -Kali Yuga | 3745–3746 |
| Holocene calendar | 10645 |
| Iranian calendar | 23–24 |
| Islamic calendar | 24–25 |
| Japanese calendar | Taika1 ( đại hóa nguyên niên ) |
| Javanese calendar | 536–537 |
| Julian calendar | 645 DCXLV |
| Korean calendar | 2978 |
| Minguo calendar | 1267 beforeROC Dân trước 1267 năm |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −823 |
| Seleucid era | 956/957AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1187–1188 |
| Tibetan calendar | Dương mộc long năm (male Wood-Dragon) 771 or 390 or −382 — to — Âm mộc xà năm (female Wood-Snake) 772 or 391 or −381 |
Year645(DCXLV) was acommon year starting on Saturday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.The denomination 645 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when theAnno Dominicalendar erabecame the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Byzantine Empire
[edit]- Alexandriarevolts againstArabrule, at the appearance of aByzantinefleet of 300 ships,[1]and Byzantine forces recapture the city.Abdullah ibn Sa'ad,Arab governor ofEgypt,mounts an assault and retakes it. He begins building aMuslimfleet.
Europe
[edit]- Plato,exarch (imperial governor) ofRavenna,invades the southernPo Valley.TheLombardsunder KingRotharidefeat him on the banks of thePanaro River(nearModena); 8,000 imperial troops are killed.
Britain
[edit]- KingCenwalh of Wessexis driven from his kingdom by his brother-in-law, KingPenda of Mercia(according toBede). He flees to the court of kingAnna of East Anglia,and isbaptisedwhile inexile.Penda overrunsWessex.
- Gwyneddand much ofWalesis in the grasp offamine.Would-be kingCadwaladr Fendigaidflees toBrittany.Civil war continues in his kingdom (approximate date).
Japan
[edit]- July 10–Isshi Incident:PrinceNaka-no-ŌeandFujiwara no KamatariassassinateSoga no Iruka,during acoup d'étatat the imperial palace.
- EmpressKōgyokuis forced to abdicate the throne in favor of her younger brotherKōtoku,age 49, who becomes the 36th emperor ofJapan.
- Naka-no-Ōe becomescrown princeand prime minister. Supporters of the semi-legendaryregentPrinceShōtokugain supremacy in Japan.
- Kōtoku creates a new city atNaniwa,and moves the capital fromYamato Province.The capital has asea port,establishing foreigntradeanddiplomaticrelations.
- Emperor Kōtoku establishes theTaika Reform:a land reform based onConfucianideas andphilosophiesfromChina(approximate date)
- The firstnengō,derived from theChinese system of eras(nianhao) begins with theTaika era.[2]
China
[edit]- May 1–First conflict of the Goguryeo–Tang War:A Chinese expeditionary army underEmperor Taizong of Tangcrosses theLiao RiverintoGoguryeo(one of theThree kingdoms of Korea).[3]
- July 18– Tang forces underLi Shijiheading southeast toward theYalu Riverput the strategic fortress ofAnsi City(in the province ofLiaoning) undersiege.
- September – Taizong is unable to capture the Ansi fortress defended by Korean generalYang Manchun.Food supplies running low, he withdraws his forces, ending theSiege of Ansi.[4]
- October 13– Emperor Taizong is compelled to order a withdrawal from Goguryeo.[5]
By topic
[edit]Religion
[edit]- Xuanzang,ChineseBuddhist monk,returns toChinaafter a 16-yearpilgrimagetoIndia.He is greeted with much honor by EmperorTaizong.
- TheGiant Wild Goose Pagodaat Ci'en Temple,Xi'an(Shanxi) is first erected during theTang dynasty(approximate date).
Births
[edit]- Æthelred,king ofMercia(approximate date)
- Ecgfrith,king ofNorthumbria(approximate date)
- Jitō,empress ofJapan(d.703)
- John of Damascus,Syrianchurch father(or676)
- Mujahid ibn Jabr,Arabic scholar (or642)
- Yazid I,MuslimCaliph(d.683)
Deaths
[edit]- April 26–Richarius,Frankishhermitandmonk[6]
- July 10–Soga no Iruka,statesman of Japan[7]
- October 21–Zhenzhu Khan,khan ofXueyantuo
- unknown dates
- Al-Khansa,Arabicpoet(b.575)
- Cen Wenben,chancellorand editor of theBook of Zhou(b.595)
- Li Chengqian,crown prince of theTang dynasty
- Soga no Emishi,statesman of Japan (b.587)
- Yan Shigu,Chineseauthorof the Tang dynasty (b.581)
References
[edit]- ^Muir 1898,p. 166, Chapter XXII, "Conquest of Egypt".
- ^Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Taika"inJapan Encyclopedia,p. 924,p. 9247, atGoogle Books;n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum,seeDeutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.
- ^Graff 2002,p.197.
- ^Lee, Kenneth B. (1997).Korea and East Asia: "The story of a phoenix".Westport: Praeger. p. 16.ISBN9780275958237.
- ^Graff 2002,p.198.
- ^Alban Butler; Paul Burns (January 1, 1999).Butler's Lives of the Saints: April.A&C Black. p. 187.ISBN978-0-86012-253-1.
- ^The New Encyclopaedia Britannica.Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1998. p. 935.ISBN978-0-85229-663-9.
Sources
[edit]- Graff, David (2002).Medieval Chinese Warfare 300–900.London: Routledge. pp. 197–198.ISBN0-415-23955-9.RetrievedNovember 3,2016.
- Muir, William(1898).The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall, from Original Sources(3rd ed.). London: Smith, Elder. p. 166.