6th Guards Tank Army

6th Tank Army 6th Guards Tank Army
Active	1944–1993
Country	Soviet Union
Branch	Armour
Type	Offensive
Size	two or three corps (Second World War) three divisions (Cold War)
Part of	Kiev Military District(Cold War)
Engagements	Battle of Debrecen Iassy-Kishinev Offensive

The6th GuardsOrder of Red BannerTank Armywas atankarmyof the Soviet Union'sRed Army,first formed in January 1944 as the6th Tank Army,and disbanded inUkrainein the 1990s after thedissolution of the Soviet Union.During its service inWorld War II,the army was commanded by Lieutenant General of Tank Troops (later Colonel General)Andrei Kravchenko.

World War II

Initially commanding the5th Mechanised Corpsand the5th Guards Tank Corps,the 6th Tank Army's first major operation was the suppression of theKorsun-Cherkassy Pocketin January–February 1944. It then fought in theIassy-Kishinev Offensiveduring August 1944 before gaining aGuardstitle in September 1944.Under its new title, it was soon engaged in theBattle of Debrecenon the2nd Ukrainian Front,before fighting against the Germans duringOperation Frühlingserwachenin March 1945. Pushing west, the tank army moved south ofVienna,Austria and pivoted to the north in a wide encircling maneuver that cut Vienna off from the rest of the GermanReich.At the end of the war, one of its subordinate formations, the2nd Guards Mechanised Corps,ended operations in the area ofBenešov,Czechoslovakia, on 9 May 1945.

The 6th Guards Tank Army was then moved to theTransbaikal Military Districtin order to take part in theSoviet invasion of Manchuria.The army, under the command ofColonel GeneralAndrei Kravchenkospearheaded theTransbaikal Front's offensive against the JapaneseKwantung Armyon 9 August 1945. The 6th Guards Tank Army consisted of the5th Guards Tank Corps,and7thand9th Guards Mechanised Corps,and many smaller formations,in all, a total of 1,019 tanks andself-propelled guns.For this operation, the tank army was restructured such that the infantry, artillery, and armored components were much more balanced than they had been during the war against the Germans. This was the first example of what proved to be the standard Soviet mechanized army organization during theCold War.During theSoviet invasion of Manchuria,the Army was operating as part of theTransbaikal Front,and during theKhingano-Mukden Operation,the Army was tasked to advance 800 kilometers.

Cold War

Order of Battle of the 6th Guards Tank Army in 1987

It was stationed in Mongolia, reporting to theTransbaikal Military District,for 15 years after the war. It still included the5th Guards Tank Division(First Formation, "Stalingrad-Kiev" ).

The friendship with China of those days and theNikita Khrushchevmilitary reductions changed the fate of the Army, and in 1959 it was relocated to Dnipropetrovsk (nowDnipro) in theKyiv Military District.22nd Guards Tank Divisionjoined the army in 1957. Toward the end of the 1980s it appears to have retained four Guards Tank Divisions – the17th,42nd(the former 42nd Guards Rifle Division) and the 75th (formerly the75th Guards Rifle Division,plus the 22nd Guards Tank Division (disbanded September 1990).

On 11 November 1990, following the disbandment of the 22nd and the 75th Guards Tank Divisions, the reorganisation of the 42nd Guards Tank Division as the 6299th Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment, and the arrival of the 93rd Guards Motor Rifle Division from theSouthern Group of Forces,the Army had on hand 462main battle tanks,allT-64s,228BMPsand BTRs, 218 other pieces of equipment of various types, including the surface-to-surface missiles of the107th Rocket BrigadeatKremenchug,and five helicopters (with the 16th Separate Mixed Aviation Squadron at Podgorodnoe).

Formation in 1985	Formation in 1987	Formation in 1989	Formation in 1991-2 (Ukraine)
17th Guards Tank Division
22nd Guards Tank Division			Disbanded in 1990
42nd Guards Tank Division			Renamed 6299th Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment in 1990/ Disbanded in 1991
75th Guards Tank Division		Renamed 5362nd Weapons and Equipment Storage Base	Disbanded in 1990
52nd Tank Division (Mob.)	Renamed 722nd Territorial Training Center	Renamed 5359th Weapons and Equipment Storage Base	Disbanded in 1991
58th Reserve Tank Division (Mob.)	Renamed 747th Territorial Training Center	Renamed 5361st Weapons and Equipment Storage Base	Disbanded in 1990
64th Reserve Tank Division (Mob.)		Renamed 5360th Weapons and Equipment Storage Base	Disbanded in 1991

Ukrainian service

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it became part of theUkrainian Ground Forces.In March 1992 Major GeneralVolodymyr Shkidchenkoreturned home to become the army's commander.He was promoted to lieutenant general by Edict 642/92 of 31 December 1992.Shkidchenko was released from command of the 6th Guards Tank Army by Presidential Edict No. 220/93 June 19, 1993, to be appointed to another post.The first reference to the6th Army Corps,the successor formation, appears in Ukaz N 350/93 of the President of Ukraine on 21 August 1993. Thus it appears the 6th Guards Tank Army was disbanded by redesignation sometime between June and August 1993.

Personnel of the Ukrainian 6th Army Corps mark the 65th anniversary of the creation of its predecessor, the 6th Guards Tank Army.

The6th Army Corpswas based atDnipropetrovskand consisted of several brigades, including the17th Armored Brigadeand the93rd Mechanized Brigade.It was disbanded in 2013 and being replaced byOperational Command South.

Commanders

The army was commanded by the following officers during its existence.

• Colonel GeneralAndrei Kravchenko(20 January 1944 – June 1947)
• Lieutenant GeneralVladimir Zhdanov(June 1947 – 30 April 1949)
• Lieutenant GeneralIvan Dremov(30 April 1949 – 27 February 1958)
• Lieutenant GeneralEvgeniy Fominykh(27 February 1958 – May 1960)
• Lieutenant GeneralGennady Obaturov(May 1960 – 13 July 1966)
• Lieutenant GeneralVladimir Makarov(13 July 1966 – 13 June 1969)
• Lieutenant GeneralGennady Zakharov(13 June 1969 – 26 February 1971)
• Lieutenant GeneralPyotr Shkidchenko(26 February 1971 –17 August 1973)
• Lieutenant GeneralYuriy Terentev(17 August 1973 – May 1978)
• Lieutenant GeneralVladimir Osipov(May 1978 – 6 January 1981)
• Lieutenant GeneralValery Sokolov(6 January 1981 – December 1983)
• Lieutenant GeneralSergey Karsakov(December 1983 – September 1985)
• Lieutenant GeneralVladlen Tsvetkov(September 1985 – May 1988)
• Lieutenant GeneralValentin Boriskiy(May 1988 – July 1989)
• Colonel GeneralVasily Sotkov(July 1989 – 2 May 1991)
• Lieutenant GeneralVitaly Radetsky(3 May 1991 – April 1992)

References

• Feskov et al., The Soviet Army in the Period of the Cold War,TomskUniversity Press, 2004
• David M. Glantz, Companion to Colossus Reborn, Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2005.ISBN0-7006-1359-5.
• David M. Glantz, When Titans Clashed, Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1995.ISBN0-7006-0899-0.