948
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 948 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 948 CMXLVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1701 |
| Armenian calendar | 397 ԹՎ ՅՂԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5698 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 869–870 |
| Bengali calendar | 355 |
| Berber calendar | 1898 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1492 |
| Burmese calendar | 310 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6456–6457 |
| Chinese calendar | Đinh MùiNăm (FireGoat) 3645 or 3438 — to — Mậu Thân năm (EarthMonkey) 3646 or 3439 |
| Coptic calendar | 664–665 |
| Discordian calendar | 2114 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 940–941 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4708–4709 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| -Vikram Samvat | 1004–1005 |
| -Shaka Samvat | 869–870 |
| -Kali Yuga | 4048–4049 |
| Holocene calendar | 10948 |
| Iranian calendar | 326–327 |
| Islamic calendar | 336–337 |
| Japanese calendar | Tenryaku2 ( thiên lịch ２ năm ) |
| Javanese calendar | 848–849 |
| Julian calendar | 948 CMXLVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3281 |
| Minguo calendar | 964 beforeROC Dân trước 964 năm |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −520 |
| Seleucid era | 1259/1260AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1490–1491 |
| Tibetan calendar | Âm hỏa dương năm (female Fire-Goat) 1074 or 693 or −79 — to — Dương thổ năm con khỉ (male Earth-Monkey) 1075 or 694 or −78 |
Year948(CMXLVIII) was aleap year starting on Saturday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Byzantine Empire
[edit]- Arab–Byzantine War:Hamdanidforces underSayf al-Dawlaraid intoAsia Minor.TheByzantinesrespond with reprisals led byLeo Phokas the Younger,taking captives and razing the walls ofHadath(modernTurkey).[1]
Europe
[edit]- TwoHungarianarmies invadeBavariaandCarinthia.One of them is defeated atFlozzunin theNordgaubyHenry I,duke of Bavaria.[2]
- KingOtto Iappoints his sonLiudolfas duke ofSwabia,consolidatingOttoniandominance inSouthern Germany.
- Sunifred II of Urgelldies without descendants and is succeeded by his nephewBorrell II,count ofBarcelona.
England
[edit]- KingEadredravagesNorthumbriaand burns downSt. Wilfrid's church atRipon.On his way home, he sustains heavy losses atCastleford.Eadred manages to check his rivals, and the Northumbrians are forced to pay him compensation.[3]
- St. Albans Schoolis founded in Hertfordshire.[4]
Africa
[edit]- Spring –Fatimidforces underal-Hasan ibn Ali al-Kalbisuppress the rebellion inPalermoand swiftly seize the island. Caliphal-Mansur bi-Nasr Allahappoints Ali al-Kalbi as emir ofSicily,beginning the rule of theKalbid dynasty.
- TheKingdom of Nri(modernNigeria) is founded by the priest-kingEri(until1041).[5]
China
[edit]- February 12– KingQian Hongzongis deposed by generalHu Jinsiduring a coup. He establishes his younger brotherQian Chuas ruler ofWuyue.
By topic
[edit]Literature
[edit]- Minamoto no Kintada,a Japanese official andwakapoet, dies. He is a respected nobleman at theimperial courtand a member of theThirty-Six Immortals of Poetry.
Religion
[edit]- Otto I establishes the missionary dioceses ofBrandenburgandHavelbergin the territory of theMarca Geronis(Saxon Eastern March).
- TheNallur Kandaswamy temple,one of the most significantHindu templesin theJaffna District(modernSri Lanka), is built.
- St Albans SchoolinHertfordshireis founded byWulsin,anabbotofSt Alban's Abbey,England.
Births
[edit]- September 1–Jing Zong,emperor of theLiao Dynasty(d.982)
- December 22–Kang Kam-ch'an,Korean official and general (d.1031)
- Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid,TwelverShiatheologian (approximate date)
- Baba Kuhi of Shiraz,PersianSufimystic and writer (d.1037)
- Emma of Italy,queen of theWest Frankish Kingdom(approximate date)
- Minamoto no Yorimitsu,Japanesenobleman(d.1021)
Deaths
[edit]- June 15–Romanos I,Byzantine emperor (b. c.870)
- March 10–Liu Zhiyuan,founder of theLater Han(b.895)
- March 13–Du Chongwei,Chinese general and governor
- April 28–Hu Jinsi,Chinese general and prefect
- August 24–Zhang Ye,Chinese general andchancellor
- November 10–Zhao Yanshou,Chinese general and governor
- December 1–Gao Conghui,prince and ruler ofJingnan(b.891)
- December 12–Li Song,Chinese official and chancellor
- Al-Qasim Guennoun,Idrisid ruler andsultan
- Blácaire mac Gofraid,Viking king ofDublin
- Gormflaith ingen Flann Sinna,Irish queen
- Ibrahim ibn Simjur,Samanid governor
- Minamoto no Kintada,Japanesewakapoet (b.889)
- Sunifred II,count ofUrgell(Spain) (b. c. 870)
References
[edit]- ^Treadgold, Warren T. (1997),A History of the Byzantine State and Society,Stanford, CA:Stanford University Press, pp. 487–489,ISBN0-8047-2630-2
- ^Bóna, István (2000).The Hungarians and Europe in the 9th-10th centuries.Budapest: Historia - MTA Történettudományi Intézete, p. 27.ISBN963-8312-67-X.
- ^Anglo-Saxon ChronicleMS D, 948, but theHistoria Regumgives 950.
- ^F.I. Kilvington, A Short History of St Albans School (1986)
- ^Onwuejeogwu, M. Angulu (1981).Igbo Civilization: Nri Kingdom & Hegemony.Ethnographica.ISBN0-905788-08-7.