963
Appearance
This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(January 2018) |
Millennium: | 1st millennium |
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Centuries: | |
Decades: | |
Years: |
963 by topic |
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Leaders |
Categories |
Gregorian calendar | 963 CMLXIII |
Ab urbe condita | 1716 |
Armenian calendar | 412 ԹՎ ՆԺԲ |
Assyrian calendar | 5713 |
Balinese saka calendar | 884–885 |
Bengali calendar | 370 |
Berber calendar | 1913 |
Buddhist calendar | 1507 |
Burmese calendar | 325 |
Byzantine calendar | 6471–6472 |
Chinese calendar | Nhâm tuấtNăm (WaterDog) 3660 or 3453 — to — Quý hợi năm (WaterPig) 3661 or 3454 |
Coptic calendar | 679–680 |
Discordian calendar | 2129 |
Ethiopian calendar | 955–956 |
Hebrew calendar | 4723–4724 |
Hindu calendars | |
-Vikram Samvat | 1019–1020 |
-Shaka Samvat | 884–885 |
-Kali Yuga | 4063–4064 |
Holocene calendar | 10963 |
Iranian calendar | 341–342 |
Islamic calendar | 351–352 |
Japanese calendar | Ōwa3 ( ứng cùng 3 năm ) |
Javanese calendar | 863–864 |
Julian calendar | 963 CMLXIII |
Korean calendar | 3296 |
Minguo calendar | 949 beforeROC Dân trước 949 năm |
Nanakshahi calendar | −505 |
Seleucid era | 1274/1275AG |
Thai solar calendar | 1505–1506 |
Tibetan calendar | Dương thủy cẩu năm (male Water-Dog) 1089 or 708 or −64 — to — Âm thủy heo năm (female Water-Pig) 1090 or 709 or −63 |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Nikiphoros_Phokas.jpg)
Year963(CMLXIII) was acommon year starting on Thursday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Byzantine Empire
[edit]- March 15– EmperorRomanos IIdies at age 25, probably of poison administered by his wife, EmpressTheophano.He is succeeded by his infant sonBasil II.Theophano becomesregentandde factoruler, naming her other sonConstantine VIII(only 3 years old) as co-emperor of theByzantine Empire.[1]
- July 2–Nikephoros II Phokasis proclaimed emperor by his troops inCaesarea.He sends a fleet to secure theBosphorus Straitagainst his enemies. Chief ministerJoseph Bringasgathers support and closes the gates ofConstantinople.GeneralMarianos Argyrosis killed in a riot, forcing Bringas to flee.
- August 16– Nikephoros II makes a triumphal entry in Constantinople and is hailed as 'the conqueror'. He is crowned emperor inHagia Sophia.
- September 20– Nikephoros II marries the former Byzantine consortTheophano,the widow of Emperor Romanos II, bolstering his legitimacy.[2]
Europe
[edit]- Gero I,margrave ofMerseburg,campaigns against theSlavs.He forces PrinceMieszko Iof thePolansinPolandto pay tribute to EmperorOtto I(the Great). He expands his territory, theMarca Geronis(March of Gero), to the mouth of theOder River.[3]
- Sviatoslav I,Grand Prince ofKiev,begins a 2-year campaign in which he will defeatKhazarforces along theDon River– vanquish theOssetesand theCircassiansin the northernCaucasus.He also successfully attacks theBulgarson theVolga River.
- November– Otto arrives atRome;PopeJohn XIIandAdalbert II(co-ruler ofItaly) flee toCampania,taking with them most of the Papal treasury. Otto is warmly received by the Roman citizens as 'liberator'.
- December– KingBerengar II(the father of Adalbert II) surrenders at the fortress ofMontefeltroto German forces. He and his wifeWillaare taken prisoner, and dispatched toBamberg.
- Luxembourghas her beginnings atLuxembourg Castle(located on theBock), founded bySigfried,count of theArdennes.
Asia
[edit]- The Chinese government of theSong Dynastyattempts to ban the practice ofcremation;despite this decree, the lower and middle classes continue to cremate their dead, until the government resolves the problem in the12th century,by establishing publicgraveyardsforpaupers.
- TheNanping State,one of theTen Kingdomsin south-centralChina,is forced to surrender, when invaded by armies of the Song Dynasty.
By topic
[edit]Religion
[edit]- November 6–Synod of Rome:Otto I calls a council atSt. Peter's Basilica.John XII is deposed on charges that he has conducted himself dishonorably and instigated an armedrebellionagainst Otto.
- December 6– PopeLeo VIIIis appointed to the office ofProtonotaryand begins his papacy asantipopeof Rome – a reign with the concurrently deposed John XII.
- TheMonastery of Great LavraatMount Athos(northeasternGreece) is founded by the Byzantine monkAthanasius the Athonite.
Births
[edit]- March 13–Anna Porphyrogenita,Grand Princess ofKiev(d.1011)
- April 17–Sweyn Forkbeard,king ofDenmarkandNorway(d.1014)
- Edith of Wilton,English princess andabbess(approximate date)
- Li Jiqian,Chinese governor and rebel leader (d.1004)
- Nuh II,emir of theSamanid Dynasty(Iran) (d.997)
- Samsam al-Dawla,Buyidemir(approximate date)
- Snorri Goði,IcelandicVikingchieftain (d.1031)
Deaths
[edit]- March 15–Romanos II,Byzantine emperor (b.938)
- March 31–Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Muhammad,Saffarid emir (b.906)
- April 3–William III,duke ofAquitaine(b.915)
- April 10–Oda of Metz,Germannoblewoman
- April 16–William I,German nobleman
- April 18–Stephen Lekapenos,Byzantine co-emperor
- August 16–Marianos Argyros,Byzantine general
- Abu Muhammad al-Hasan,Buyidvizier
- Alp-Tegin,Samanid commander-in-chief
- Donnchad mac Cellacháin,king ofMunster(Ireland)
- Fothad I,bishop ofSt. Andrews(approximate date)
- Goltregoda,Frankish countess andregent(b.920)
- Ingeborg Tryggvasdotter,Viking noblewoman
- John II,duke ofGaeta(Italy) (approximate date)
- Michael Maleinos,Byzantinemonk(approximate date)
- Ordoño IV(the Bad), king ofLeón(or962)
- Rudolfe II(orRaoul), Frankish nobleman
- Tryggve Olafsson,NorseVikingking
- Wang,empress of theSong Dynasty(b.942)
References
[edit]- ^Timothy Reuter (1999).The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III,p. 592.ISBN978-0-521-36447-8.
- ^Ostrogorsky, George (1969).History of The Byzantine State.New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. p.284.ISBN0-8135-0599-2.
- ^Timothy Reuter (1999).The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III,p. 248.ISBN978-0-521-36447-8.