811
(Redirected fromAD 811)
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 811 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 811 DCCCXI |
| Ab urbe condita | 1564 |
| Armenian calendar | 260 ԹՎ ՄԿ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5561 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 732–733 |
| Bengali calendar | 218 |
| Berber calendar | 1761 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1355 |
| Burmese calendar | 173 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6319–6320 |
| Chinese calendar | Canh dầnNăm (MetalTiger) 3508 or 3301 — to — Tân mão năm (MetalRabbit) 3509 or 3302 |
| Coptic calendar | 527–528 |
| Discordian calendar | 1977 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 803–804 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4571–4572 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| -Vikram Samvat | 867–868 |
| -Shaka Samvat | 732–733 |
| -Kali Yuga | 3911–3912 |
| Holocene calendar | 10811 |
| Iranian calendar | 189–190 |
| Islamic calendar | 195–196 |
| Japanese calendar | Kōnin2 ( hoằng nhân ２ năm ) |
| Javanese calendar | 707–708 |
| Julian calendar | 811 DCCCXI |
| Korean calendar | 3144 |
| Minguo calendar | 1101 beforeROC Dân trước 1101 năm |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −657 |
| Seleucid era | 1122/1123AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1353–1354 |
| Tibetan calendar | Dương kim hổ năm (male Iron-Tiger) 937 or 556 or −216 — to — Âm kim thỏ năm (female Iron-Rabbit) 938 or 557 or −215 |
Year811(DCCCXI) was acommon year starting on Wednesday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar,the 811th year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 811th year of the1st millennium,the 11th year of the9th century,and the 2nd year of the810sdecade.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Byzantine Empire
[edit]- Byzantine–Bulgarian War:EmperorNikephoros Iorganises a new campaign against theBulgarian Empire,gathering an expeditionary force (most of the Roman army) from all parts of the empire. He is accompanied by high-ranking officials andaristocrats,including his sonStauraciusand brother-in-lawMichael I Rangabe[1](both later emperors temporarily).Krum,ruler (khan) ofBulgaria,sends envoys to sue for peace. Nikephoros refuses to accept the terms and marches through theBalkanpasses towardsPliska,the Bulgarian capital.
- July 23– Nikephoros I reaches Pliska, and destroys a Bulgarian army of 12,000 elite soldiers who guard the stronghold. Another hastily assembled relief force of 50,000 soldiers suffers a similar fate.[2]The Byzantines capture the defenseless capital. Nikephoros plunders the city and captures Krum'streasury.[3]He burns the countryside, slaughterssheepandpigs,as he pursues the retreatingBulgarssouthwest towardsSerdica(modern-daySofia).[4]
- July 26–Battle of Vărbitsa Pass:Nikephoros I is trapped (probably in theVărbitsa Pass) and defeated by the Bulgars, who use the tactics ofambushand surprise night attacks to immobilize the Byzantine forces. Nikephoros himself is killed; Krum has the emperor's head carried back in triumph on a pole, where it is cleaned out, lined withsilverand made into a jeweledskull cup,which he allows hisSlavicprinces (archons) to drink from with him.[5]
- Stauracius is installed as emperor atAdrianople(the first time aByzantine emperoris crowned outsideConstantinople). Because of aswordwound near his neck (during the Battle of Pliska), Stauracius isparalyzed.Theimperial courtis split between thenoblefactions of his wife Theophano and his sisterProkopia.[6]
- October 2– Michael I is declared emperor of theByzantine Empire;Stauracius is forced by senior officials to retire to amonastery.[7]
Europe
[edit]- Treaty of Heiligen:KingHemming of Denmarkconcludes apeace treatywith EmperorCharlemagnein present-dayRendsburg.The southern boundary ofDenmarkis established at theEider River.
Abbasid Caliphate
[edit]- Fourth Fitna:Abbasidcaliphal-AminappointsAli ibn Isa ibn Mahanas governor ofKhurasan,in northeastPersia,and sends an army of 40,000 men with him against his half-brotheral-Ma'mun.Ibn Mahan's army is defeated by a smaller army underTahir ibn Husayn,atRayy.During the fighting Ali ibn Isa ibn Mahan is killed.
Births
[edit]- Abu Hatim al-Razi,Muslimhadithscholar (d.890)
- Basil I,emperor of theByzantine Empire(d.886)
- Muhammad al-Jawad,ninthTwelver Shī'ah Imām(d.835)
- Ōe no Otondo,Japanese scholar (d.877)
Deaths
[edit]- June 17–Sakanoue no Tamuramaro,Japaneseshōgun(b.758)
- July 24–Gao Ying,chancellor of the Tang Dynasty(b.740)
- July 26–Nikephoros I,emperor of the Byzantine Empire
- Ali ibn Isa ibn Mahan,Muslim military leader
- Charles the Younger,son ofCharlemagne
- Li Fan,chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (b.754)
- Pei Ji,chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- Pepin the Hunchback,son of Charlemagne
References
[edit]- ^Anonymus Vaticanus, p. 148.
- ^Anonymus Vaticanus, pp. 148-149.
- ^Anastasius Bibliothecarius. Chronographia tripertita, p. 329.
- ^Anonymus Vaticanus, p. 150.
- ^Fine, John V. A. Jr.(1991) [1983].The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century.Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.ISBN0-472-08149-7.
- ^Treadgold, Warren(1997).A History of the Byzantine State and Society.Stanford, California:Stanford University Press.p. 429.ISBN0-8047-2630-2.
- ^Treadgold, Warren(1997).A History of the Byzantine State and Society.Stanford, California:Stanford University Press.p. 429.ISBN0-8047-2630-2.