Alexandru Zub

Alexandru Zub(born October 12, 1934) is aRomanianhistorian, biographer, essayist, political activist and academic. A former professor at theUniversity of Iași,noted for his contribution to the study ofcultural historyandRomanian history,he is currently head of theA.D. Xenopol Institute of History(an office he has held since 1990).He was elected a fullmember of the Romanian Academyin 2004 (having been a correspondent member since 1991); currently, he serves as head of the Academy's History Department.

Apolitical prisonerduring the early years ofCommunist Romania,and a knowndissident,Zub was selected byVladimir Tismăneanuon the panel of thePresidential Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Romania,which presented its Final Report toParliamenton December 18, 2006.

Biography

Zub was born inVârfu Câmpului,Botoșani County.He attended the School of Pedagogy inȘendriceni,and later completed university studies at the Faculty of History of theUniversity of Iași,graduating in 1957.The same year, he took part in a rally commemorating the medievalPrinceofMoldaviaStephen the Great,which was considerednationalistby the Communist regime. Zub was arrested and imprisoned for the following six years, first inIași,and later atJilava Prison,Gherla Prison,and nearBrăila.At theforced laborcamp fromSalciahe metAlexandru Paleologu,Ion Dezideriu Sîrbu,andSergiu Al-George.

After his release, he took up research in the Central University Library of Iași,and began publishing biographies and studies ofRomanian culture,which proved to be highly influential during the period of relativeliberalizationat the start ofNicolae Ceaușescu's regime.He has since notably authored works on major figures of Romanianhistoriography(includingMihail Kogălniceanu,Vasile Pârvan,Alexandru D. Xenopol), as well as ample studies on cultural phenomena.In 1977-1978, he was the recipient of a grant from theAlexander von Humboldt Foundation.

After theRomanian Revolutionof 1989, Zub was awarded full recognition for his contributions to Romanian historiography, and he became a founding member of theAssociation of Former Political Prisoners.ADirecteur d'Étudesat theÉcole Pratique des Hautes Étudesin 1993 and 2004,Zub became aChevalier des Arts et des Lettresin 1995.In 2000, he was decorated Grand Officer of theOrder of the Star of Romania.

His activity in 1957, occurring in the aftermath of theHungarian Revolution,earned him the recognition of theHungariangovernment; on October 16, 2006, the 50th commemoration of the rebellion, Zub was presented with the commemorative medalHero of Liberty.

As part of the controversial criticism he expressed in regard to thePresidential Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Romania,the writerPaul Goma,who had been himself a member of the panel, questioned the Commission's ability to deal with the issue. Goma stated: "as for Al. Zub, he has specialized in Xenopol, in Kogălniceanu, in Pârvan - out of which [specialization] he never did emerge, so he has no idea, for instance, about the «happenings» during theSecond World War".This attitude notably drew criticism fromBedros Horasangian(who considered Goma's words "banterings" and their effect "void" ).

In 1991, Alexandru Zub supervised thePh.D.candidature ofSorin Antohi,a fellow member of the Commission, member of the staff for theCentral European University,and Zub's co-author on a 2000 volume published byPolirom.Antohi failed to complete his degree and was expelled from the program; a 2006 investigation proved that he had been misrepresenting his academic credentials, which caused his withdrawal from his academic position at Central European University.Contacted by journalists, Zub refused to comment, and called on the press not to harass Antohi.

In 2007, Zub was involved in a scandal at the Xenopol Institute, after he allegedly had the election of four young history researchers to the Scientific Council of the Institute canceled byDan Berindei,the head of the History Section of theRomanian Academyand the coordinator of the Institute.The researchers protested against Zub's managership, labeling it "despotic" and asking for his resignation.

Selected works

In Romanian

• Mihail Kogălniceanu, 1817-1891. Biobibliografie( "Mihail Kogălniceanu, 1817-1891. Bio-bibliography" ), Editura Enciclopedică/Editura Militară,Bucharest, 1971
• A. D. Xenopol, 1847-1920. Biobibliografie( "A. D. Xenopol, 1847-1920. Bio-bibliography" ), 1973
• Vasile Pîrvan. Efigia cărturarului( "Vasile Pîrvan. The Scholar's Effigy" ), Editura Enciclopedică/Editura Militară, Bucharest, 1974; second edition, 2003
• Mihail Kogălniceanu istoric( "Mihail Kogălniceanu as a Historian" ),Editura Junimea,Iași, 1974
• Junimea. Implicații istoriografice( "Junimea.Historiographical Implications "), Editura Junimea, Iași, 1976
• A scrie și a face istorie. Istoriografia română postpașoptistă( "Writing and Making History. Romanian Historiography Post-1848" ), Editura Junimea, Iași, 1981
• Biruit-au gândul. Note despre istorismul românesc( "The Thought Has Broken Through. Notes on RomanianHistoricism"), Editura Junimea, Iași, 1983
• Pe urmele lui Vasile Pîrvan( "On the Footsteps of Vasile Pîrvan" ),Editura Sport-Turism,Bucharest, 1983
• Mihail Kogălniceanu,Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, Bucharest, 1984; second edition, 2004
• De la istoria critică la criticism. Istoriografia română la finele secolului XIX și începutul secolului XX( "From Critical History to Criticism. Romanian Historiography at the End of the 19th Century and the Start of the 20th Century" ),Editura Academiei,Bucharest, 1985; second edition, 2000
• Cunoaștere de sine și integrare( "Self-awareness and Integration" ), Editura Junimea, Iași, 1986; second edition, 2004
• Istorie și istorici în România interbelică( "History and Historians in Interwar Romania" ), Editura Junimea, Iași, 1989; second edition, 2003
• Istorie și finalitate( "History and Finality" ), Editura Academiei, Bucharest, 1991; second edition, 2004
• La sfârșit de ciclu. Despre impactul Revoluției franceze( "At the End of a Cycle. On the Impact of theFrench Revolution"),Institutul European,Iași, 1994
• Eminescu. Glose istorico-culturale(Eminescu.Historical and Cultural Glosses "), Editura Enciclopedică Gheorghe Asachi,Chișinău,1994
• În orizontul istoriei( "In History's Horizon" ), Institutul European, Iași, 1994
• Impasul reîntregirii( "The Deadlock of Reunion" ), Editura Timpul, Iași, 1995
• Chemarea istoriei. Un an de răspântie în România postcomunistă( "The Call of History. A Crucial Year inPost-Communist Romania"), Editura Junimea, Iași, 1997
• Discurs istoric și tranziție( "Historical Discourse and Transition" ), Institutul European, Iași, 1998
• Orizont închis. Istoriografia română sub dictatură( "Restricted Horizon. Romanian Historiography under Dictatorship" ), Institutul European, Iași, 2000
• withSorin Antohi:Oglinzi retrovizoare. Istorie, memorie si morală în România( "Rearview Mirrors. History, Memory, and Morals in Romania" ),Polirom,Iași, 2000
• Istoriografia română la vârsta sintezei: A. D. Xenopol( "Romanian Historiography at the Age of Synthesis: A. D. Xenopol" ), Institutul European, Iași, 2004
• Mihail Kogălniceanu, architect al României moderne( "Mihail Kogălniceanu, the Architect of Modern Romania" ), Institutul European, Iași, 2005
• Clio sub semnul interogației. Idei, sugestii, figuri( "Cliounder the Question Mark. Ideas, Suggestions, Figures "), Polirom, Iași, 2005
• Romanogermanica. Secvențe istorico-culturale( "Romanogermanica. Cultural-Historical Sequences" ),Editura Universității Al. I. Cuza,Iași, 2005

In French

• L'Historiographie roumaine à l'âge de la synthèse: A. D. Xenopol( "Romanian Historiography at the Age of Synthesis: A. D. Xenopol" ), Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, Bucharest, 1983
• Les dilemmes d'un historien: Vasile Pîrvan( "Vasile Pîrvan: the Dilemmas of a Historian" ),Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică,1985

In English

• Reflections on the Impact of the French Revolution. 1789,de Tocqueville,and the Romanian Culture,The Center for Romanian Studies, Iași/Oxford/Portland, 2000

References

• (in Romanian)Press release of November 10, 2006: Alexandru Zub is named Doctor Honoris Causaat theOvidius Universitysite
• (in Romanian)Profile at the Romanian Presidency site
• (in Romanian)Alexandru Zub at the Polirom site
• (in Romanian)Mirela Corlățan, "Sorin Antohi, profesor doctor puțin impostor" ( "Sorin Antohi, a Professor Doctor Who Is Something of an Impostor" ),inCotidianul,October 21, 2006
• (in Romanian)Paul Goma,"Open Letter Addressed to President Traian Băsescu",republished inZiua,May 8, 2006
• (in Romanian)Bedros Horasangian,"Volo, «Volvo» și «Volga»" ( "Volo, «Volvo» and the «Volga»),inZiua,May 17, 2006
• (in Romanian)Raul Florea,"Academicianul Alexandru Zub spune că a fost făcut nesimțit și îl face «derbedeu» pe unul dintre asistenți" ( "Academician Alexandru Zub Says He Was Called «Thick-Skinned» and Labels One of His Assistants «Rascal»" ),inGândul,April 20, 2007

External links

• Profile at the Humboldt Club site
• (in Romanian)Profile at the Romanian Academy site
• (in Romanian)Profile at Polirom.ro
• (in Romanian)Alexandru Zub'sAcceptance Speechat the Romanian Academy, January 27, 2006
• (in Romanian)Alexandru Zub, "Memoria ca formă de justiție" ( "Memory as a Form of Justice" ),inConvorbiri Literare