Alpes Cottiae
| Provincia Alpes Cottiae | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Provinceof theRoman Empire | |||||||||
| 63 AD–476 AD | |||||||||
 The Roman Empire ca. AD 125, with the province of Alpes Cottiae highlighted. | |||||||||
| Capital | Segusio | ||||||||
| Historical era | Antiquity | ||||||||
• Created byNero | 63 AD | ||||||||
• Deposition ofRomulus Augustulus | 476 AD | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | France Italy | ||||||||
TheAlpes Cottiae(Latin pronunciation:[ˈaɫpeːsˈkɔttɪ.ae̯];English: 'Cottian Alps') was a smallprovinceof theRoman Empirefounded in 63 AD by EmperorNero.It was one of the three provinces straddling theAlpsbetween modernFranceandItaly,along with theAlpes Graiae et PoeninaeandAlpes Maritimae.
The capital of the province wasSegusio(modernSusa, Piedmont). Other important settlements were located atEburodunumandBrigantio(Briançon).[1]Named after the 1st-century BC ruler of the region,Marcus Julius Cottius,thetoponymsurvives today in theCottian Alps.[2]
History[edit]
The province had its origin in a local chiefdom controlled by the enfranchised kingMarcus Julius Donnus,who ruled overLigurian tribesof the region by the middle of the 1st century BC. He was succeeded by his son,Marcus Julius Cottius,who offered no opposition to the integration of his realm into the Roman imperial system under EmperorAugustusin 15–14 BC, then kept on ruling on native tribes as apraefectus civitatiumof aRegnum Cotti.[3][1][2]
After the death of his sonCottius IIin 63 AD, the region was annexed by EmperorNeroand made into a procuratorial province known asprovincia Alpium Cottiarum.[4][1][2]
During the reign ofDiocletian(284–305), the western part of the province was transferred to theAlpes Maritimae,and the eastern part allocated under apraesesto theDiocese of Italy.[1]
Settlements[edit]
Settlements in Alpes Cottiae included:
- Ad Fines(Malano) ( "mansio", customs post)
- Ocelum(Celle) ( "oppidum", Celtic village)
- Ad Duodecimum(Saint-Didier) ( "mutatio" )
- Segusio(Susa) (capital)
- Venausio(Venaus) (oppidum)
- Scingomagus / Excingomagus(Exilles) (oppidum, possibly Donnus's capital)
- Caesao / Goesao(Cesana Torinese) ( "castrum" )
- Ad Martes Ultor(late imperial "Ulcense" ) (Oulx) ( "castrum" )
- Brigantium(Briançon) (mansio)
- Mons Matronae(Mont Genèvre)
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^abcdGraßl 2006.
- ^abcSyme & Levick 2012.
- ^Barruol 1969,p. 41.
- ^Barruol 1969,p. 176.
Bibliography[edit]
- Barruol, Guy(1969).Les Peuples préromains du Sud-Est de la Gaule: étude de géographie historique.E. de Boccard.OCLC3279201.
- Graßl, Herbert (2006). "Alpes Cottiae".Brill's New Pauly.doi:10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e116370.
- Syme, Ronald; Levick, Barbara M. (2012). "Iulius Cottius, Marcus".The Oxford Classical Dictionary.Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.3412.ISBN978-0-19-954556-8.
Further reading[edit]
- Tilmann Bechert:Die Provinzen des römischen Reiches: Einführung und Überblick.von Zabern, Mainz 1999.
- Bartolomasi:Valsusa Antica.Alzani, 1975.
- Prieur, Jean (1968).La province romaine des Alpes Cottiennes.Impr. R. Gauthier.OCLC834310867.
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†Italy was never constituted as a province, instead retaining a special juridical status untilDiocletian's reforms. | ||
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