Aluminium borohydride
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Aluminium borohydride
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| Other names
Aluminium borohydride, aluminium tetrahydroborate
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
PubChemCID
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 2870 |
CompTox Dashboard(EPA)
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| Properties | |
| AlB3H12 | |
| Molar mass | 71.51g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | colorless liquid |
| Melting point | −64.5 °C (−84.1 °F; 208.7 K) |
| Boiling point | 44.5 °C (112.1 °F; 317.6 K) |
| reacts | |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | Spontaneously ignites |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state(at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Aluminium borohydride,also known asaluminium tetrahydroborate,is the chemical compound with theformulaAl(BH4)3.It is a volatilepyrophoricliquid which is used as areducing agentin laboratories. Unlike most other metal–borohydrides, which areionic structures,aluminium borohydride is acovalent compound.[2][3]
Preparation
[edit]Aluminium borohydride is formed by the reaction betweensodium borohydridewithaluminium chloride:[4]
- 3 NaBH4+ AlCl3→ Al(BH4)3+ 3 NaCl
or as the non-pyrophorictetrahydrofuran(THF)adduct,by the analogous reaction ofcalcium borohydrideandaluminium chloridein THF:[2]
- 3 Ca(BH4)2+ 2 AlCl3→ 3 CaCl2+ 2 Al(BH4)3
Reactions
[edit]Like all borohydrides, this compound is a reducing agent and hydride donor. It reacts with water to give elementalhydrogengas,[4]and reducescarboxylic esters,aldehydes,andketonestoalcohols.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ Lide, David R. (1998).Handbook of Chemistry and Physics(87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 4–39.ISBN0-8493-0594-2.
- ^abcJ. Kollonitsch & O. Fuchs (1955)."Preparation of Aluminium Borohydride and its Applications in Organic Reductions".Nature.176(4492): 1081.Bibcode:1955Natur.176.1081K.doi:10.1038/1761081a0.
- ^Miwa, K.; Ohba, N.; Towata, S.; Nakamori, Y.; Züttel, A.; Orimo, S. (2007). "First-principles study on thermodynamical stability of metal borohydrides: Aluminum borohydride Al(BH4)3".J. Alloys Compd.446–447: 310–314.arXiv:cond-mat/0610853.doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.11.140.S2CID97032806.
- ^ab Perry, Dale L.; Phillips, Sidney L. (1995).Handbook of Inorganic Compounds.CRC Press. pp. 3–4.ISBN0-8493-8671-3.Retrieved2007-12-09.
Further reading
[edit]- Fletcher, Edward; Foster, Hampton; Straight, David (1959). "Aluminum Borohydride and Mixtures with Hydrocarbons in Jet Engine Combustor Ignition".Industrial & Engineering Chemistry.51(11): 1389.doi:10.1021/ie50599a044.
- Hinkamp, James B.; Hnizda, Vincent (1955). "Aluminum Borohydride Preparation".Industrial & Engineering Chemistry.47(8): 1560.doi:10.1021/ie50548a032.