Alveolar ejective fricative
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(November 2017) |
| Alveolar ejective fricative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| sʼ | |||
| IPA Number | 132 401 | ||
| Audio sample | |||
| Encoding | |||
| Entity(decimal) | sʼ | ||
| Unicode(hex) | U+0073 U+02BC | ||
| X-SAMPA | s_> | ||
| |||
Thealveolar ejective fricativeis a type ofconsonantalsound, used in some spokenlanguages.The symbol in theInternational Phonetic Alphabetthat represents this sound is ⟨sʼ⟩.
Features[edit]
Features of the alveolar ejective fricative:
- Itsmanner of articulationissibilantfricative,which means it is generally produced by channeling air flow along agroovein the back of the tongue up to the place of articulation, at which point it is focused against the sharp edge of the nearly clenched teeth, causing high-frequencyturbulence.
- Itsplace of articulationisalveolar,which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at thealveolar ridge,termed respectivelyapicalandlaminal.
- Itsphonationis voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
- It is anoral consonant,which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is acentral consonant,which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- Theairstream mechanismisejective(glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping theglottisupward.
In many languages, it is allophonic with the affricate [ts'].[1]
Occurrence[edit]
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adyghe | Shapsug[citation needed] | сӏэ | 'name' | Corresponds to[tsʼ]in other dialects. | |
| Ganza[2]: 101 | [sʼásʼà] | ‘fat, thick’ | |||
| Hausa[3] | tsutsa | [sʼusʼa] | 'worm' | Allophone of/tsʼ/in some dialects | |
| Keres[citation needed] | s'eeka | [sʼeːkʰa] | 'sure' | ||
| Lakota[citation needed] | s'a | [sʼa] | 'habitually' | ||
| Tlingit[4] | sʼeek | 'bear' | |||
| Upper Necaxa Totonac[5] | [ˈsʼa̰ta̰] | 'small' | |||
| Emberá-Catío[6] | /s'okʰo/ [s'okxo] | 'type of water jar' | |||
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Shosted, Ryan K.; Rose, Sharon (2011)."Affricating ejective fricatives: The case of Tigrinya".Journal of the International Phonetic Association.41(1): 41–65.doi:10.1017/S0025100310000319.ISSN0025-1003.JSTOR44526590.S2CID17186877.
- ^Smolders, Joshua (2016)."A Phonology of Ganza"(pdf).Linguistic Discovery.14(1): 86–144.doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.470.Retrieved16 January2017.
- ^Jaggar, Philip J. (19 December 2001).Hausa.London Oriental and African Language Library. Vol. 7. John Benjamins.doi:10.1075/loall.7.ISBN978-90-272-8304-7.
- ^Maddieson, Ian; Smith, Caroline L.; Bessell, Nicola (2001)."Aspects of the Phonetics of Tlingit".Anthropological Linguistics.43(2): 135–176.ISSN0003-5483.JSTOR30028779.
- ^Beck, David (1 January 2006)."The emergence of ejective fricatives in Upper Necaxa Totonac".University of Alberta Working Papers in Linguistics.
- ^Mortensen, Charles Arthur (1994).Nasalization in a revision of Embera-Katio phonology(masters thesis). Arlington: MA thesis, University of Texas.
External links[edit]
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