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Andor Jaross

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The native form of thispersonal nameisJaross Andor.This article usesWestern name orderwhen mentioning individuals.
Andor Jaross
Jaross in 1938
Minister of the Interior
In office
22 March 1944 – 7 August 1944
Preceded byFerenc Keresztes-Fischer
Succeeded byMiklós Bonczos
Personal details
Born
Andor Jaross

(1896-05-23)23 May 1896
Komáromcsehi,Kingdom of Hungary(nowČechy,Slovakia)
Died11 April 1946(1946-04-11)(aged 49)
Budapest,Hungary
Cause of deathExecution by firing squad
CitizenshipHungarian (1896–1920, 1938–), Czechoslovak (1920–1938)
Political partyUnited Hungarian Party
Party of Hungarian Renewal
Arrow Cross Party
OccupationPolitician

Andor Jaross(23 May 1896 – 11 April 1946) was an ethnic Hungarianpoliticianmost active in interwarCzechoslovakiaand later inHungaryduringWorld War II.He also notablycollaboratedwith theNazis.

Born in Komáromcsehi, in theKomárom Countyof the Kingdom of Hungary (present-day Čechy, Slovakia), he became general secretary of the United Hungarian Party, a group that sought to unite parts of Czechoslovakia with Hungary.[1]As national chairman of the party he sought to forge a united Hungarian identity, claiming in his inaugural address that 'every member of the Hungarian minority should take a united stand on the issues of today and tomorrow'.[2]Although effectively subordinate toJános Esterházyin the party, Jaross became a well-known international figure, notably accepting an invitation toLondonfrom the Hungarian Committee of the House of Commons to present Hungarian grievances along with fellow United Hungarian Party MPGéza Szüllő.[3]

Moving to Hungary in 1938 he joined the government ofBéla Imrédyas Minister for Regained Territories and was one of the 18 deputies who formed the Party of Hungarian Renewal in 1940 (afar rightdissident group of the governing party).[1]After the Nazi regimeoccupied Hungaryin March 1944 and raisedNazisympathizerDöme Sztójayto the Prime Minister's post, Jaross was put in charge of the Interior Ministry. From that position, he took charge ofthe country's Jewsand, with his deputiesLászló EndreandLászló Baky,was responsible for circumventingMiklós Horthy's plans by arranging theirdeportation.[1]During this time Andross, Endre and Baky ran the Interior Ministry as a personal fiefdom and used it to eliminate their enemies, whilst also keeping Sztójay at arm's length in favour of German influence.[4]The ghettoes were inspected in August 1944 byAdolf EichmannandDieter Wislicenyand, although the Jewish Council sent appeals for better treatment direct to Jaross and Eichmann, the extermination proceeded.[5]A growing figure in Hungarian public life, Jaross even became president offootballclubFerencvárosi TCin 1944.[6]

Removed from his position in August 1944 (after appropriating much Jewish property) he made a brief return in October 1944, after the Nazis deposed Horthy and installed the rabidlyanti-SemiticArrow Cross Partyto head thenew governmentunder Prime MinisterFerenc Szálasi.

After the war, Jaross was tried by the Hungarian authorities and executed by firing squad.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdPhilip Rees,Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890,Simon & Schuster, 1990, p. 197
  2. ^"'Janos Esterhazy, the New National Chairman of the Hungarian Christian Socialist Party'".Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-10.Retrieved2007-12-18.
  3. ^'Alliance of the Discontent National Minorities'Archived2011-02-04 at theWayback Machine
  4. ^Andrew Handler,A Man for All Connections: Raoul Wallenberg and the Hungarian State,p. 36
  5. ^Raphael Patai,The Jews of Hungary: History, Culture, Psychology,p. 568
  6. ^Miklós Hadas,Football and Social Identity - The case of Hungary in the Twentieth CenturyArchived2008-05-29 at theWayback Machine,p.50
Government offices
Preceded by Minister of the Interior
1944 		Succeeded by
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