Andrea Carlo Ferrari

His EminenceBlessed Andrea Carlo Ferrari
Cardinal,Archbishop of Milan
Church	Catholic Church
Archdiocese	Milan
See	Milan
Appointed	21 May 1894
Term ended	2 February 1921
Predecessor	Luigi Nazari di Calabiana
Successor	Achille Ratti
Other post(s)	Cardinal-Priest of Santa Anastasia(1894–1921)
Previous post(s)	Bishop of Guastalla(1890–1891) Bishop of Como(1891–1894)
Orders
Ordination	20 December 1873 by Domenico Maria Villa
Consecration	29 June 1890 byLucido Maria Parocchi
Created cardinal	18 May 1894 byPope Leo XIII
Rank	Cardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born	Andrea Ferrari (1850-08-13)13 August 1850 Lalatta (Palanzano),Province of Parma,Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
Died	2 February 1921(1921-02-02)(aged 70) Milan,Lombardy,Kingdom of Italy
Buried	Cathedral of Milan
Parents	Giuseppe Ferrari & Maddalena Longarini
Motto	Tu fortitudo mea( "You are my strength" )
Signature
Coat of arms
Sainthood
Feast day	1 February (Ambrosian Rite) 2 February (Roman Rite)
Venerated in	Catholic Church
Beatified	10 May 1987 Saint Peter's Square,Vatican City byPope John Paul II
Attributes	Pastoral staff Cardinal's attire Crucifix
Patronage	Archdiocese of Milan

Ordination history of Andrea Carlo Ferrari
History Diaconal ordination Date 15 December 1872 Priestly ordination Date 20 December 1873 Place Domenico Maria Villa Episcopal consecration Principal consecrator Lucido Maria Parocchi Co-consecrators Vincenzo Leone Sallua & Giovanni Maria Majoli Date 29 June 1890 Place Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Villa Lante,Rome,Kingdom of Italy Cardinalate Elevated by Pope Leo XIII Date 18 May 1894
Episcopal succession Bishops consecrated by Andrea Carlo Ferrari as principal consecrator Emilio Maria Miniati 24 May 1894 Angelo Maria Meraviglia Mantegazza 24 May 1894 Carlo Francesco Origo 21 April 1895 Giuseppe Salvatore Scatti 27 February 1898 Pasquale Morganti, O.Ss.C.A. 22 June 1902 Federico Domenico Sala 15 February 1903 Carlo Castelli, Obl.S.C. 7 December 1904 Giovanni Mauri 7 December 1904 Luigi Bignami 14 January 1906 Ernesto Maria Piovella, Obl. Rho. 12 May 1907 Leonida Mapelli 6 January 1908 Luigi Maria Marelli 6 January 1908 Dionisio Vismara, P.I.M.E. 29 June 1909 Giovanni Rosi 29 June 1911 Camillo Francesco Carrara, O.F.M. Cap. 26 February 1911 Eugenio Tosi,O.Ss.C.A. 16 April 1911 Cleto Cassani 17 April 1911 Giovanni Gamberoni 25 May 1911 Pompeo Ghezzi 14 January 1912 Carlo Pensa, O.Ss.C.A. 8 September 1912 Emilio Poletti 29 September 1912 Ludovico Antomelli, O.F.M. 15 June 1913 Pietro Calchi Novati 7 February 1915 Simone Pietro Grassi 25 April 1915 Carlo Dalmazio Minoretti 16 January 1916

Andrea Ferrari(13 August 1850 – 2 February 1921) – later adopting the middle name "Carlo"– was anItalianCatholicprelatewho served as acardinaland as theArchbishop of Milanfrom 1894 until his death.Ferrari was a well-regarded pastor and theologian who led two dioceses before being appointed to the prestigious Milanese archdiocese which he led until his death. But he was later accused ofModernismwhich led to a strained relationship withPope Pius Xwho finally reconciled with Ferrari in 1912.

The cause for his canonization opened after his death in 1963 and he became titled as aServant of God.He was namedVenerablein 1975, andPope John Paul IIbeatified him in 1987.

Life

Education and priesthood

Cardinal Ferrari's remains housed in the Cathedral of Milan.

Andrea Ferrariwas born on 13 August 1850 in Lalatta (now Palanzano) in theParma provinceas the eldest of four children to theshoemakerGiuseppe Ferrari and Maddalena Longarini; hisbaptismwas celebrated on 14 August.His two paternal uncles, Abbondio and Pietro, were priests serving inParma.He received hisFirst Communionin 1860 from Father Giovanni Agostini and received hisConfirmationin 1866.

He felt called to serve as apriestand was educated inParmawhere he was to obtain adoctorateintheological studiesin 1883.Ferrari received the first two minor orders on 18 September 1869 and the other two on 23 September 1871.He received the subdiaconate on 21 September 1872 and thediaconateon 15 December 1872. He wasordainedto thepriesthoodon 20 December 1873 for theDiocese of Parmawhere he served from 1874 until 1890. He also served as thearchpriestofFornovo di Tarofrom 1874 until 1875 when he was made the vicar curate for the San Leonardo church.

Ferrari served as theVice-Rectorfor seminarians in Parma and served also as a professor of mathematics and natural sciences in 1875 and later became its rector in 1877. He served also as a professor oftheological fundamentalsandecclesial historical sciencesas well as educating them inmoral theologicalsubjects in 1878. It was later that he published the "Summula theologiae dogmaticae generalis"in 1885 which proved to be a respected work in the field at that time and it was reprinted several times.

Episcopate

In mid-1890 he was appointed as theBishop of Guastallaand he received hisepiscopal consecrationas abishopon 29 June 1890 from CardinalLucido Parocchiin the church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Villa Lante. The co-consecrators were Vincenzo Leone Sallua and Giovanni Maria Majoli.He took possession of his new diocese on 3 October 1890 and was later transferred to theDiocese of Comoin mid-1891 after a brief tenure in Guastalla. In Como, he was noted for his dedication to the people and made several pastoral visits to see all his parishes. In 1894 the newspaperCorriere della Seranoted his "meticulous visits" as proper diocesan management and attentiveness while noting that "he talks well with a good voice".In 1893 he supported the appointment of Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto – futurePope Pius X– asPatriarch of Veniceand was successful in securing the appointment.

Cardinalate

Ferrari was elevated to the cardinalate in 1894 andPope Leo XIIInamed him as theCardinal-Priest of Santa Anastasia(the title and red hat were conferred a week after the elevation).It was just a week after his elevation that he was transferred to theArchdiocese of Milanand was granted thepalliumprior to his departure; he also tookCarloas a middle name in honour ofCharles Borromeowho was a predecessor during theCounter-Reformationperiod. His private assistant while in Milan was Father Giovanni Rossi.Ferrari was a strong supporter and promoter ofRerum Novarumand espoused the core themes ofsocial justicethat the pope highlighted in that document. He also enlisted the aid ofGiuseppe Tonioloto promote it and make it a theme of his professorship.

His main mission in Milan was to preserve the faith of the people throughcatechesisand he made four pastoral visits as archbishop. He pushed for the publication of theCatechism of Pius Xin Milan as a step towards this aim. He also visited all parishes in his archdiocese and was attentive to the social circumstances of each parish. In addition, Ferrari held several episcopal conferences to discuss matters of ecclesial life. In 1895 he held the Archdiocesan Eucharistic Congress from 1–5 September 1895.

Ferrari participated in thepapal conclave in 1903that elected Pope Pius X, and had been considered to be "papabile"for his pastoral qualities.Ferrari petitioned the cardinals to support a pastoral candidate to become pope and began casting his votes for his old colleague Sarto. He tried to persuade Sarto to accept the election if chosen though the latter insisted that he should not be voted for and that he would not accept. But Ferrari insisted that the refusal could become harmful for the Church and painful for Sarto for the remainder of his life. ButFrancesco Satolliconvinced Sarto of the ramifications of his refusal which prompted Sarto's acceptance of the pontificate.Ferrari returned to Milan on 10 August and that month travelled toCologneto meet with its archbishop CardinalAnton Hubert Fischer.

In 1908 he was inLondonatWestminsterfor thenineteenth Eucharistic Congressheld from 9–13 September.In 1910 he organized festivities for the third centennial of the canonization of Charles Borromeo.In 1918 he founded the Women's Youth forAzione Cattolicaand entrusted its direction toArmida Barelli.DuringWorld War Ihe formed a group that was dedicated to caring for soldiers and prisoners and was awarded in 1919 with theGrand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurizio and Lazzarofor his efforts.

Ferrari was accused of "Modernism"in 1907 which was an accusation that Pope Pius X had accepted. He was no Modernist and denounced them in a pastoral letter he issued in 1908. Despite this, the accusations put him in a negative position withRomeand he decided to keep quiet so as not to attract the ire of Pius X. He had been accused of excessive liberalism and defended his archdiocese against misunderstandings that Rome held. However, this prompted a 1911 canonical investigation.In 1912 the pope realized the mistake he had made and received the cardinal after this matter was resolved for a reconciliation. In 1912 he promoted the establishment of the newspaperL'Italiawhich replacedL'Unione.He also partook in theconclave in 1914that electedPope Benedict XV.Ferrari was on good terms with Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli – the futurePope John XXIII.The two knew the other well and Roncalli was the one who celebrated his funeral. He was also close with Achille Ratti who was his successor in Milan and the futurePope Pius XI.Ferrari ordained as priests the future cardinalsCamillo Caccia Dominioni(1899) andCarlo Confalonieri(1916) in addition to Bishop Giorgio Giovanni Elli (1903) and ArchbishopMario Giardini(1904).

Death

Ferrari died in 1921 at 5:55pm after he finished the recitation of one of therosarieshe himself started due tothroat cancer,and was buried in thearchdiocesan cathedralunder the Sacred Heart altar.The first sign of his ailment around 1918 was simple hoarseness, later diagnosed as throat cancer. His old friend Roncalli referred to him later as an "authentic saint".InLegnanoa church was constructed from 1987 to 1989 and dedicated to him. CardinalCarlo Maria Martiniconsecrated the church in 1991.

Beatification

Plaque in honour of Ferrari,San Benedetto fuori Porta San Paolo,Rome

The Milanese came to revere Ferrari for his strong holiness and his old friend Pope John XXIII opened his cause for canonization on 10 February 1963. This came after his Milanese successorAlfredo Ildefonso Schusteropened the informative phase of investigation for his beatification in 1951.Pope Paul VI(another Milanese successor) proclaimed him to be Venerable on 1 February 1975 in recognition of his life ofheroic virtue.Pope John Paul IIbeatified Ferrari on 10 May 1987 inSaint Peter's Square.

The currentpostulatorfor this cause is theFranciscanpriest Giovangiuseppe Califano.

External links

• Hagiography Circle
• Catholic Online
• Catholic Hierarchy