Angle of the mandible
| Angle of the mandible | |
|---|---|
 Human skull.Position of angle of the mandible shown in red. | |
 1870s American male skull. The angle of the mandible is visible just above the white number. | |
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | angulus mandibulae |
| TA98 | A02.1.15.025 |
| TA2 | 861 |
| FMA | 59459 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
Theangle of the mandible(a.k.a.gonial angle,Masseteric Tuberosity,andMasseteric Insertion) is located at theposteriorborder at the junction of the lower border of theramus of themandible.
The angle of the mandible, which may be either inverted or everted, is marked by rough, oblique ridges on each side, for the attachment of themasseterlaterally, and thepterygoideus internus(medial pterygoid muscle) medially; thestylomandibular ligamentis attached to the angle between these muscles.
The forensic term for the midpoint of the mandibular angle is thegonion.The gonion is acephalometric landmarklocated at the lowest, posterior, and lateral point on the angle.[1]This site is at the apex of the maximum curvature of the mandible, where the ascending ramus becomes the body of the mandible.
The mandibular angle has been named as a forensic tool for gender determination, but some studies have called into question whether there is any significantsex difference in humansin the angle.[2][3]
Many mammals have a distinctive bony prong, theangular process,immediately above the angle of the mandible.[4]
See also
[edit]Additional images
[edit]-
Position of angle of the mandible (shown in red). Animation. -
Mandiblebone. Position of angle shown in red. -
Mandible. Outer surface. Side view. (Angle labeled at bottom right.) -
Mandible. Inner surface. Side view. (Angle visible at bottom left.) -
The Pterygoidei; the zygomatic arch and a portion of the ramus of the mandible have been removed. -
Mandible. Inner surface. Angle of mandible labeled at bottom right.
References
[edit]
This article incorporates text in thepublic domainfrompage 174of the 20th edition ofGray's Anatomy(1918)
- ^"ANTH 6 Forensic Anthropology Measuring Adult Human Remains".Archived fromthe originalon 2015-08-21.Retrieved2015-07-10.
- ^Upadhyay RB, Upadhyay J, Agrawal P, Rao NN (January 2012)."Analysis of gonial angle in relation to age, gender, and dentition status by radiological and anthropometric methods".J Forensic Dent Sci.4(1): 29–33.doi:10.4103/0975-1475.99160.PMC3470415.PMID23087579.
- ^Gungor K, Sagir M, Ozer I (June 2007)."Evaluation of the gonial angle in the Anatolian populations: from past to present".Coll Antropol.31(2): 375–8.PMID17847912.
- ^"Angular process - vet-Anatomy - IMAIOS".imaios.Retrieved2023-03-08.
External links
[edit]
- lesson4at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
- Anatomy photo:34:st-0202at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Oral Cavity: Bones"
- "Anatomy diagram: 34256.000-2".Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator.Elsevier. Archived fromthe originalon 2013-06-11.
- Anatomy image: skel/mandible2at Human Anatomy Lecture (Biology 129), Pennsylvania State University
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