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Anne Rice
Rice in 2006
Rice in 2006
BornHoward Allen Frances O'Brien
(1941-10-04)October 4, 1941
New Orleans,Louisiana, U.S.
DiedDecember 11, 2021(2021-12-11)(aged 80)
Rancho Mirage, California,U.S.
Pen name
  • Anne Rampling
  • A. N. Roquelaure
OccupationNovelist
Alma materSan Francisco State University(BA,MA)
Genre
Spouse
​
​
(m.1961; died 2002)​
Children
Website
annerice

Anne Rice[1](bornHoward Allen Frances O'Brien;October 4, 1941 – December 11, 2021) was an American author ofgothic fiction,erotic literature,andbible fiction.She is best known for writingThe Vampire Chronicles.She later adapted thefirst novel of the seriesinto a commercially successful eponymous film,Interview with the Vampire(1994).

Born inNew Orleans,Rice spent much of her early life in the city before moving toTexas,and later toSan Francisco.She was raised in an observantCatholicfamily but became an agnostic as a young adult. She began her professional writing career with the publication ofInterview with the Vampire(1976), while living in California, and began writing sequels to the novel in the 1980s. In the mid-2000s, following a publicized return to Catholicism, she published the novelsChrist the Lord: Out of EgyptandChrist the Lord: The Road to Cana,fictionalized accounts of certain incidents in the life of Jesus. Several years later she distanced from organized Christianity, while remaining devoted to Jesus. She later considered herself asecular humanist.[2]

Rice's books have sold over 100 million copies, making her one of the best-selling authors of modern times.[3][4]While reaction to her early works was initially mixed, she gained a better reception with critics in the 1980s. Her writing style and the literary content of her works have been analyzed by literary commentators. She was married to poet and painterStan Ricefor 41 years, from 1961 until his death from brain cancer in 2002 at age 60.[5][6]She and Stan had two children, Michele, who died ofleukemiaat age five, andChristopher,who is also an author.

Rice also wrote books such asThe Feast of All Saints(adapted for television in 2001) andServant of the Bones,which formed the basis of a 2011 comic book miniseries. Several books fromThe Vampire Chronicleshave been adapted as comics andmangaby various publishers. She authored erotic fiction under thepen namesAnne Rampling and A. N. Roquelaure, includingExit to Eden,which was later adapted into a1994 film.

Early life

[edit]

New Orleans and Texas

[edit]

Born inNew Orleanson October 4, 1941, Howard Allen Frances O'Brien[7]was the second of four daughters of parents ofIrishCatholicdescent, Howard O'Brien (1917–1991) and Katherine "Kay" Allen O'Brien (1908–1956).[8][9]Her father, a naval veteran ofWorld War IIand lifelong resident of New Orleans, worked as a personnel executive for theU.S. Postal Service[10]and authored one novel,The Impulsive Imp,which was published posthumously.[11][12]Her older sister,Alice Borchardt,later became an author of fantasy andhistorical romancenovels.[13]

Rice spent most of her youth in New Orleans, which forms the backdrop against which many of her works are set.[14]She and her family lived in the rented home of her maternal grandmother, Alice Allen, known as "Mamma Allen", at 2301 St. Charles Avenue in theIrish Channel,which Rice said was widely considered a "Catholic Ghetto".[15][16]Allen, who began working as a domestic shortly after separating from her alcoholic husband, was an important early influence in Rice's life, keeping the family and household together as Rice's mother sank deeper intoalcoholism.Allen died in 1949, but the O'Briens remained in her home until 1956, when they moved to 2524 St. Charles Avenue, a former rectory, convent, and school owned by the parish, to be closer to both the church and support for Katherine's addiction.[17]As a young child, Rice studied at St. Alphonsus School, a Catholic institution previously attended by her father.[15]

About her male given names, Rice said:

Well, my birth name is Howard Allen because apparently my mother thought it was a good idea to name me Howard. My father's name was Howard, she wanted to name me after Howard, and she thought it was a very interesting thing to do. She was a bit of aBohemian,a bit of mad woman, a bit of a genius, and a great deal of a great teacher. And she had the idea that naming a woman Howard was going to give that woman an unusual advantage in the world.[18]

According to the authorized biographyPrism of the Night,byKatherine Ramsland,Rice's father was the source of his daughter's birth name: "Thinking back to the days when his own name had been associated with girls, and perhaps in an effort to give it away, Howard named the little girl Howard Allen Frances O'Brien."[19]Rice became "Anne" on her first day of school, when a nun asked her what her name was. She told the nun "Anne", which she considered a pretty name. Her mother, who was with her, let it go without correcting her, knowing how self-conscious her daughter was of her real name. From that day on, everyone she knew addressed her as "Anne",[20][21]and her name was legally changed in 1947.[1]Rice was confirmed in the Catholic Church when she was twelve years old and took the full name Howard Allen Frances Alphonsus Liguori O'Brien,[clarification needed]adding the names of a saint and of an aunt, who was a nun. She said: "I was honored to have my aunt's name, but it was my burden and joy as a child to have strange names"[22]

When Rice was fifteen years old, her mother died as a result of alcoholism.[9][23][24]Soon afterward, she and her sisters were placed by their father inSt. Joseph Academy.Rice described St. Joseph's as "something out ofJane Eyre... a dilapidated, awful, medieval type of place. I really hated it and wanted to leave. I felt betrayed by my father. "[25]

In November 1957, Rice's father married Dorothy Van Bever.[10]On the subject of the couple's first meeting, Rice recalled, "My father wrote her a formal letter inviting her to lunch which I hand-delivered to her house... I was so nervous. In the note he enclosed a pin which she was to wear if she accepted the invitation. The next day she had the pin on."[10]In 1958, when Rice was sixteen, her father moved the family to northTexas,purchasing their first home inRichardson.[26]Rice first met her future husband,Stan Rice,in a journalism class while they were both students atRichardson High School.[27]

San Francisco and Berkeley

[edit]

Graduating from Richardson High in 1959, Rice completed her first year atTexas Woman's UniversityinDentonand transferred toNorth Texas State Collegefor her second year.[28]She dropped out when she ran out of money and was unable to find employment.[29]Soon after, she moved to San Francisco and stayed with the family of a friend until she found work as an insurance claims processor. She persuaded her former roommate from Texas Woman's University, Ginny Mathis, to join her, and they found an apartment in theHaight-Ashburydistrict. Mathis acquired a job at the same insurance company as Rice. Soon after, they began taking night courses atUniversity of San Francisco,an all-maleJesuitschool that allowed women to take classes at night. For Easter vacation Anne returned home to Texas, rekindling her relationship with Stan Rice. After her return to San Francisco, Stan Rice came for a week-long visit during summer break. He returned to Texas, Rice moved back in with the Percys[who?],and Mathis left San Francisco in August to enroll in a nursing program in Oklahoma. Some time later, Anne received a special delivery letter from Stan Rice asking her to marry him. They married on October 14, 1961, in Denton, Texas, soon after she turned twenty years old, and when he was just weeks from his nineteenth birthday.[30]

The Rices moved back to San Francisco in 1962, experiencing the birth of thehippiemovement firsthand as they lived in the Haight-Ashbury district,Berkeley,and later theCastro District.[31]"I'm a totally conservative person", she later toldThe New York Times:"In the middle of Haight-Ashbury in the 1960s, I was typing away while everybody was dropping acid and smoking grass. I was known as my own square."[32]Rice attendedSan Francisco State Universityand obtained aB.A.inpolitical sciencein 1964.[33]Their daughter Michele, later nicknamed "Mouse", was born to the couple on September 21, 1966, and Rice later interrupted her graduate studies at SFSU to become a PhD candidate at theUniversity of California, Berkeley.She soon became disenchanted with the emphasis on literary criticism and the language requirements. In her words: "I wanted to be a writer, not a literature student."[34]

Rice returned to San Francisco State in 1970 to finish her studies in creative writing and graduated with anM.A.in 1972. Stan Rice became an instructor at San Francisco State shortly after receiving his own M.A. in creative writing from the institution, and later chaired the creative writing department before retiring in 1988.[34][35]Her daughter was diagnosed with acutegranulocytic leukemiain 1970, while Rice was still in the graduate program. Rice later described having aprophetic dream—months before Michele became ill—that her daughter was dying from "something wrong with her blood". Michele died in 1972, shortly before she would have turned six.[36][37]

Rice's sonChristopherwas born in Berkeley, California, in 1978;[38]he has become a best-selling author in his own right, publishing his first novel at the age of 22.[39]Rice, an admitted alcoholic, and her husband, Stan Rice, quit drinking in mid-1979 so their son would not have the life that she had as a child.[40]In 2008, Rice posted a YouTube video to celebrate 28 years of her sobriety.[7]

Writing career

[edit]

Influences

[edit]

Rice citedCharles Dickens,[41]Virginia Woolf,[42]John Milton,[41]Ernest Hemingway,[42]William Shakespeare,[42]theBrontë sisters,[41]Jean-Paul Sartre,[15]Henry James,[23]Arthur Conan Doyle,H. Rider Haggard,[43]andStephen King[44]as influences on her work. She repeatedly returned to King'sFirestarterfor inspiration: "I study the novelFirestarterwhenever I'm blocked. Reading the first few pages ofFirestarterhelps to get me going. "[44]

Interview with the Vampire

[edit]

In 1973, while still grieving the loss of her daughter (1966–1972), Rice took a previously written short story andturned it intoher first novel, the bestsellingInterview with the Vampire.She based her vampires onGloria Holden's character inDracula's Daughter:"It established to me what vampires were—these elegant, tragic, sensitive people. I was really just going with that feeling when writingInterview With the Vampire.I didn't do a lot of research. "[45]After completing the novel and following many rejections from publishers, Rice developedobsessive–compulsive disorder(OCD). She became obsessed with germs, thinking that she contaminated everything she touched, engaged in frequent and obsessive hand washing and obsessively checked locks on windows and doors. Of this period, Rice says, "What you see when you're in that state is every single flaw in our hygiene and you can't control it and you go crazy."[46]

In August 1974, after a year of therapy for her OCD, Rice attended theSquaw Valley Writer's ConferenceatSquaw Valley,conducted by writerRay Nelson.[47]While at the conference, Rice met her future literary agent, Phyllis Seidel. In October 1974, Seidel sold the publishing rights toInterview with the VampiretoAlfred A. Knopffor a $12,000 advance of the hardcover rights, at a time when most new authors were receiving $2,000 advances.[48]Interview with the Vampirewas published in May 1976. In 1977, the Rices traveled to both Europe and Egypt for the first time.[24]

Other works

[edit]

Following the publication ofInterview with the Vampire,while living in California, Rice wrote two historical novels,The Feast of All SaintsandCry to Heaven,along withthree erotic novels(The Claiming of Sleeping Beauty,Beauty's Punishment,andBeauty's Release) under the pseudonym A. N. Roquelaure, and two more under the pseudonym Anne Rampling (Exit to EdenandBelinda). Rice then returned to the vampire genre withThe Vampire LestatandThe Queen of the Damned,her bestselling sequels toInterview with the Vampire.[49]

Shortly after her June 1988 return to New Orleans, Rice pennedThe Witching Houras an expression of her joy at coming home. Rice also continued herVampire Chroniclesseries, which later grew to encompass ten novels, and followed up onThe Witching HourwithLasherandTaltos,completing theLives of the Mayfair Witchestrilogy. She also publishedViolin,a tale of a ghostly haunting, in 1997.[50]Rice appeared on an episode ofThe Real World: New Orleansthat aired in 2000.[51]

Rice began another series calledChrist the Lord: Out of Egypt,published in 2005, chronicling the life of Jesus.[49]After moving toRancho Mirage, Californiain 2006,[52]Rice wrote a second volumeChrist the Lord: The Road to Cana,published in March 2008, and was working on a thirdChrist the Lord: Kingdom of Heavenin November 2008. She also wrote the first two books in herSongs of the Seraphimseries,Angel TimeandOf Love and Evil,and her memoirCalled Out of Darkness: A Spiritual Confession.[49][53]

On March 9, 2014, Rice announced on her son Christopher's radio show,The Dinner Party with Christopher Rice and Eric Shaw Quinn,that she had completed another book in theVampire Chronicles,titled,Prince Lestat,[54]a "true sequel" toQueen of the Damned.The book was released on October 28, 2014.[55]In 2015, a sequel to theSleeping Beautytrilogy,Beauty's Kingdom,was released.[56]

Reception and analysis

[edit]

Following its debut in 1976,Interview with the Vampirereceived mixed reviews from critics at this time, causing Rice to retreat temporarily from the supernatural genre.[23]WhenThe Vampire Lestatdebuted in 1985, reaction—both from critics and from readers—was more positive, and the first hardcover edition of the book sold 75,000 copies.[23]Upon its publication in 1988,The Queen of the Damnedwas given an initial hardcover printing of 405,000 copies.[23]The novel was a main selection of theLiterary Guildof America for 1988,[57]and reached the No. 1 spot onThe New York TimesBest Seller list,staying on the list for more than four months.[23]

Rice's novels are well regarded by many members of theLGBT+community, some of whom have perceived her vampire characters asallegoricalsymbols of isolation and social alienation.[23]Similarly, a reviewer writing forThe Boston Globe,observed that the vampires of her novels represent "the walking alienated, those of us who, by choice or not, dwell on the fringe".[58]On the subject, Rice commented: "From the beginning, I've had gay fans, and gay readers who felt that my works involved a sustained gay allegory... I didn't set out to do that, but that was what they perceived. So even when Christopher was a little baby, I had gay readers and gay friends and knew gay people, and lived in the Castro district of San Francisco, which was a gay neighborhood."[59]

Rice's writings have also been identified as having had a major impact on later developments within the genre ofvampire fiction.[58]"Rice turns vampire conventions inside out", wrote Susan Ferraro ofThe New York Times."Because Rice identifies with the vampire instead of the victim (reversing the usual focus), the horror for the reader springs from the realization of the monster within the self. Moreover, Rice's vampires are loquacious philosophers who spend much of eternity debating the nature of good and evil."[23]

Rice's writing style has been heavily analyzed.[57]Ferraro, in a statement typical of many reviewers, described her prose as "florid, both lurid and lyrical, and full of sensuous detail". Others have criticized her writing style as both verbose and overly philosophical.[57]Author William Patrick Day comments that her writing is often "long, convoluted, and imprecise".[60]The New York TimescriticMichiko Kakutaniwrote: "Anne Rice has what might best be described as a Gothic imagination crossed with a campy taste for the decadent and the bizarre."[61]

Personal life

[edit]

Back to New Orleans and Catholicism

[edit]

In June 1988, following the success ofThe Vampire Lestatand withThe Queen of the Damnedabout to be published, the Rices purchased a second home in New Orleans, the Brevard–Rice House, built in 1857 for Albert Hamilton Brevard. Stan took a leave of absence from his teaching, and together they moved to New Orleans. Within months, they decided to make it their permanent home.[50]

Rice returned to the Catholic Church in 1998 after decades ofatheism.She fell into a coma, later determined to be caused bydiabetic ketoacidosis(DKA), on December 14, 1998, and nearly died.[62]She was later diagnosed withdiabetes mellitus type 1,and wasinsulin-dependent.[63][64][65]Following the advice of her husband, Rice underwentgastric bypass surgeryshortly after his death and shed 103 pounds in 2003.[66][67]

Rice nearly died again from an intestinal blockage orbowel obstruction,a common complication ofgastric bypass surgery,in 2004. In 2005,Newsweekreported: "She came close to death last year, when she had surgery for an intestinal blockage, and also back in 1998, when she went into a sudden diabetic coma; that same year she returned to the Roman Catholic Church, which she'd left at 18."[68]Her return did not come with a full embrace of the Church's stances on social issues; Rice remained a vocal supporter of equality for gay men and lesbians (includingmarriage rights), as well as abortion rights andbirth control,[69]writing extensively on such issues.[70]

While promoting her bookChrist the Lord: Out of Egyptin October 2005, Rice announced inNewsweekthat she would now use her life and talent of writing to glorify her belief in God, but she did not renounce her earlier works, citing a connection in her earlier work with the state of her spiritual life.[68]

In the Author's Note fromChrist the Lord: Out of Egypt,Rice states:

I had experienced an old-fashioned, strict Roman Catholic childhood in the 1940s and 1950s... we attended daily Mass and Communion in an enormous and magnificently decorated church.... Stained-glass windows, theLatin Mass,the detailed answers to complex questions on good and evil—these things were imprinted on my soul forever.... I left this church at age 18.... I wanted to know what was happening, why so many seemingly good people didn't believe in any organized religion yet cared passionately about their behavior and value of their lives.... I broke with the church.... I wrote many novels without my being aware that they reflected my quest for meaning in a world without God.[71]

In her memoirCalled Out of Darkness: A Spiritual Confession,Rice stated:

In the moment of surrender, I let go of all the theological or social questions which had kept me from [God] for countless years. I simply let them go. There was the sense, profound and wordless, that if He knew everything I did not have to know everything, and that, in seeking to know everything, I'd been, all of my life, missing the entire point. No social paradox, no historic disaster, no hideous record of injustice or misery should keep me from Him. No question of Scriptural integrity, no torment over the fate of this or that atheist or gay friend, no worry for those condemned and ostracized by my church or any other church should stand between me and Him. The reason? It was magnificently simple: He knew how or why everything happened; He knew the disposition of every single soul. He wasn't going to let anything happen by accident! Nobody was going to go to Hell by mistake.[72]

Leaving New Orleans

[edit]

Rice announced that she had made plans to leave New Orleans on her website on January 18, 2004.[73]She cited living alone since the death of her husband and her son moving to California as the reasons for her move. Rice put the largest of her three homes up for sale on January 30, 2004, and moved to a gated community inKenner, Louisiana.[74]"Simplifying my life, not owning so much, that's the chief goal", said Rice. "I'll no longer be a citizen of New Orleans in the true sense."[73]She sold two New York City condominiums in March and April 2005.[75]After completingChrist the Lord: Out of Egypt,Rice left New Orleans in 2005 shortly before the events ofHurricane Katrinain August. None of her former New Orleans properties were flooded, and Rice remained a vocal advocate for the city and related relief projects.[76][77]

California

[edit]

After leaving New Orleans, Rice first settled inLa Jolla,California, describing the weather there as "like heaven" in November 2005.[78][79]She left La Jolla less than a year after moving there, stating in January 2006 that the weather was too cold.[80]She purchased a six-bedroom home inRancho Mirage, Californiain late 2005 and moved there in 2006, allowing her to be closer to her son in Los Angeles.[81][52]

Rice auctioned off her large collection of antique dolls[82]at Thierault's in Chicago on July 18, 2010.[83]Rice also auctioned off her wardrobe, jewelry, household possessions and collectibles featured in her many books oneBaystarting in mid-2010 through early 2011.[84]She sold a large portion of her library collection toPowell's Books.[85]

Distancing from Christianity

[edit]

Rice publicly announced her disdain for the current state of Christianity on her Facebook page on July 28, 2010:

Today I quit being a Christian.... I remain committed to Christ as always but not to being 'Christian' or to being part of Christianity. It's simply impossible for me to 'belong' to this quarrelsome, hostile, disputatious, and deservedly infamous group. For ten years, I've tried. I've failed. I'm an outsider. My conscience will allow nothing else.[86][87]

Shortly thereafter, she clarified her statement:

My faith in Christ is central to my life. My conversion from a pessimistic atheist lost in a world I didn't understand, to an optimistic believer in a universe created and sustained by a loving God is crucial to me. But following Christ does not mean following His followers. Christ is infinitely more important than Christianity and always will be, no matter what Christianity is, has been, or might become.[88]

Following her announcement, Rice's critique of Christianity was commented upon by numerous journalists and pundits.[59][89]In an interview with theLos Angeles Times,Rice elaborated on her view regarding being a member of a Christian church: "I feel much more morally comfortable walking away from organized religion. I respect that there are all kinds of denominations and all kinds of churches, but it's the entire controversy, the entire conversation that I need to walk away from right now."[90]In response to the question, "How do you follow Christ without a church?" Rice replied: "I think the basic ritual is simply prayer. It's talking to God, putting things in the hands of God, trusting that you're living in God's world and praying for God's guidance. And being absolutely faithful to the core principles of Jesus' teachings."[90]Rice participated in the "I Am Second"project in 2010 with a short documentary about her spiritual journey.[91]Rice stated that she was asecular humanistin a Facebook post on April 14, 2013.[2]She said that Christ was still central to her life, but not in the way he is presented by organized religion, in a July 28, 2014, Facebook post.

In a later interview with Alice Cooper, she stated:[92][44]

My faith lives in my novels, of course. It lives in every word I write. It lives in my novels about Jesus. Though I’ve moved away from institutional Christianity and organized religion — and all its theological strife — my devotion to Jesus remains fierce. My faith blazes in my vampire novels, and in the Witching Hour series, and even in the erotica I’ve written. I believe that people are basically good as Anne Frank put it; I believe the creation is basically good and beautiful; I believe that sex is beautiful and good. I believe our capacity to love, to know pleasure, to want to live lives of meaning — all this reflects the existence of a loving and personal Creator. I dream of all things human being reconciled in our ethical institutions and moral institutions; I dream of all of us being redeemed in every way. This is why the story of the Incarnation is so important to me, the story of Jesus being born amongst us, growing up amongst us, working and sweating and struggling as we do, and dying amongst us before he rose from the dead and ascended into Heaven. I write about outsiders seeking redemption in one form or another and always will.

Death

[edit]

Rice died from complications of astrokeat a hospital inRancho Mirage, California,on December 11, 2021, at the age of 80.[37][93]According to a statement from Rice's sonChristopher Rice,the family planned to inter her at the family mausoleum atMetairie Cemeteryin New Orleans.[93][37][94][95]

Rice was laid to rest in January 2022.[96]The Rice Family Mausoleum is also the burial site of Rice's husband Stan Rice and daughter Michele. One side of the tomb is stained glass, the other three sides are engraved with Stan Rice's poems from his books "False Prophet" and "Some Lamb". The mausoleum is open to the public during visiting hours.[97]

Bibliography

[edit]
See also:Anne Rice bibliography

Novels

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The Vampire Chronicles universe

[edit]

The Vampire Chroniclesseries:

  1. Interview with the Vampire(1976),ISBN0-394-49821-6[56]
  2. The Vampire Lestat(1985),ISBN1-127-49040-0[56]
  3. The Queen of the Damned(1988),ISBN978-0394558233[56]
  4. The Tale of the Body Thief(1992),ISBN978-0-679-40528-3[56]
  5. Memnoch the Devil(1995),ISBN0-679-44101-8[56]
  6. The Vampire Armand(1998),ISBN978-0-679-45447-2[56]
  7. Merrick(2000) (*),ISBN0-679-45448-9[56]
  8. Blood and Gold(2001),ISBN0-679-45449-7[56]
  9. Blackwood Farm(2002) (*),ISBN0-345-44368-3[56]
  10. Blood Canticle(2003) (*),ISBN0-375-41200-X[56]
  11. Prince Lestat(2014),ISBN978-0-307-96252-2[98]
  12. Prince Lestat and the Realms of Atlantis(2016),ISBN978-038535379-3[56]
  13. Blood Communion: A Tale of Prince Lestat(2018),ISBN978-1524732646[56]

New Tales of the Vampiresseries:

  1. Pandora(1998),ISBN0-375-40159-8[49]
  2. Vittorio the Vampire(1999),ISBN0-375-40160-1[49]

Lives of the Mayfair Witchesseries:

  1. The Witching Hour(1990),ISBN0-394-58786-3[56]
  2. Lasher(1993),ISBN0-679-41295-6[56]
  3. Taltos(1994),ISBN0-679-42573-X[56]

(*)Merrick,Blackwood FarmandBlood Canticleare crossovers with theLives of the Mayfair Witchesseries

Ramses the Damned

[edit]
  1. The Mummy, or Ramses the Damned(1989),ISBN0-345-36000-1[56]
  2. Ramses the Damned: The Passion of Cleopatra(2017), withChristopher Rice,ISBN978-1-101-97032-4[99]
  3. Ramses the Damned: The Reign of Osiris(2022), with Christopher Rice,ISBN978-1524732646[100]

Christ the Lord

[edit]
  1. Christ the Lord: Out of Egypt(2005),ISBN0-375-41201-8[49]
  2. Christ the Lord: The Road to Cana(2008),ISBN067697807X[49]

Songs of the Seraphim

[edit]
  1. Angel Time(2009),ISBN978-1-4000-4353-8[49]
  2. Of Love and Evil(2010),ISBN0-676-97809-6[49]

The Wolf Gift Chronicles

[edit]
  1. The Wolf Gift(2012),ISBN978-0-307-59511-9[49]
  2. The Wolves of Midwinter(2013),ISBN978-0-385-34996-3[49]

The Sleeping Beauty Quartet (under the pseudonym A. N. Roquelaure)

[edit]
See also:The Sleeping Beauty Quartet
  1. The Claiming of Sleeping Beauty(1983),ISBN0-452-26656-4[56]
  2. Beauty's Punishment(1984),ISBN0-525-48458-2[56]
  3. Beauty's Release(1985),ISBN0-452-26663-7[56]
  4. Beauty's Kingdom(2015),ISBN978-0-525-42799-5[56]

Stand-alones

[edit]
Under the pseudonym Anne Rampling
[edit]

Short stories

[edit]
  • "October 4, 1948",Transfer19, 1965. Reprinted inThe Anne Rice Reader,Katherine Ramsland, ed., 1997[103]
  • "Nicholas and Jean",Transfer21, June 1966. Reprinted inThe Anne Rice Reader,Katherine Ramsland, ed., 1997[104][103]
  • "The Art of the Vampire at Its Peak in the Year 1876, or, Armand's Lesson" (Playboy,January 1979)[105]
  • "The Master of Rampling Gate",Redbook,February 1984[106]

Non-fiction

[edit]

Adaptations

[edit]

Film

[edit]

In 1994,Neil Jordandirected amotion picture adaptation ofInterview with the Vampire,based on Rice's own screenplay. The movie starredTom CruiseasLestat,Brad Pittas the guilt-riddenLouis,and a youngKirsten Dunstin her breakout role as the deceitful child vampireClaudia.[107]

A second film adaptation,Queen of the Damned,was released in February 2002, starringStuart Townsendas the vampire Lestat and singerAaliyahasAkasha.[108]The movie combined plot points from both the novelThe Queen of the Damned,as well as fromThe Vampire Lestat.Produced on a budget of $35 million, the film recouped only $30 million at the U.S. box office. On her Facebook page, Rice distanced herself from the film, and stated that she feels the filmmakers "mutilated" her work in adapting the novel.[109]

The 1994 filmExit to Eden,based loosely on the book Rice published as Anne Rampling, starsRosie O'DonnellandDan Aykroyd.The work was transformed from aBDSM-themed love story into a police comedy, and was widely considered a box-office failure, receiving near-universal negative reviews.[110]

A film adaptation ofChrist the Lord: Out of Egyptwas reported to be in the early stages of development in February 2012. It was reported thatChris Columbushad signed on to produce, and thatCyrus Nowrastehhad already completed the script.[111]On November 8, 2014, during an interview with her long-time editor, Victoria Wilson, at the Chicago Humanities Festival, Rice revealed that filming had finished on the movie and was going into post-production.[112]The film, titledThe Young Messiah,was released in 2016.[113]

In August 2014,Universal Pictureshad acquired the rights to Rice'sVampire Chronicles.[114]In November 2016, whenUniversal Picturesdid not renew the contract, the film and television rights reverted to Rice, who began developingThe Vampire Chroniclesinto a television series with her son,Christopher.[115][116]

Television

[edit]

In 1997, Rice wrote the story for a television pilot entitledRag and Bone,featuring elements of both horror andcrime fiction.ScreenwriterJames D. Parriottpenned the screenplay, and the pilot ultimately aired onCBS,starringDean CainandRobert Patrick.[117]

The Feast of All Saintswas made into aShowtimeoriginal miniseries in 2001, directed byPeter Medakand starringJames Earl JonesandGloria Reuben.[118][119]As of 2002,NBChad plans to adapt Rice'sLives of the Mayfair Witchestrilogy into a miniseries, but the project never entered production.[120]

Earth Angelswas a presentation pilot written by Rice, produced byImagine Televisionand20th Century Fox Television,and picked up by NBC. Set in New York City, it followed angels in human form battling against evil.[121]Four parts of Anne Rice's story treatment for the series were published in 1999 as a bonus in the comic book series calledAnne Rice's Tale of the Body Thief.[122]

In November 2016, Rice announced on Facebook that the rights to her novels had reverted to her despite earlier plans for other adaptations. Rice said that she and her son, authorChristopher Rice,would be developing and executive producing a potential television series based on the novels.[123]In April 2017, they teamed up withParamount TelevisionandAnonymous Contentto develop a series.[124]As of early 2018,Bryan Fullerwas involved with the creation of a potential TV series based on the novels.[125]On July 17, 2018, it was announced that the series was in development at streaming serviceHuluand that Fuller had departed the production.[126]As of December 2019, Hulu's rights had expired and Rice was shopping a package including all film and TV rights to the series.[127]In May 2020, it was announced thatAMChad acquired the rights toThe Vampire ChroniclesandLives of the Mayfair Witchesfor developing film and television projects.[128]Anne andChristopher Ricewere to serve as executive producers on any projects developed.[128]

Theatre

[edit]

On April 25, 2006, the musicalLestat,based on Rice'sVampire Chroniclesbooks, opened at thePalace TheatreonBroadwayafter having its world premiere and preview run at theCurran Theatrein San Francisco, California, in December 2005. With music byElton Johnand lyrics byBernie Taupin,it was the inaugural production of the newly established Warner Brothers Theatre Ventures. Despite Rice's own overwhelming approval and praise,[129]the show received disappointing attendance and largely negative reviews from critics.[130][131]Lestatclosed a month later on May 28, 2006, after just 33 previews and 39 regular performances. The release of the cast recording of the show is reportedly on hold indefinitely.[132]

Comics and manga

[edit]

Several of Anne Rice's novels have been adapted into comic books andmanga.Adaptations include:

  • Anne Rice's The Vampire Lestat#1–12 byInnovation Comics(1990–1991),[133]compiled into one volume by Ballantine Books (1991)[134]
  • Anne Rice's The Mummy or Ramses the Damned#1–12 byMillennium Publications(1990–1992)[135]
  • Anne Rice's The Queen of the Damned#1–11 (#12 was never published) by Innovation Comics (1991)[136]
  • Anne Rice's The Master of Rampling Gate(one-shot) by Innovation Comics (1991)[135]
  • Anne Rice's The Vampire Companion#1–3 by Innovation Comics (1991)[136]
  • Anne Rice's Interview with the Vampire#1–12 by Innovation Comics (1991–1994)[135]
  • Anne Rice's The Witching Hour#1–13 by Millennium Publications (1992–1993),[135]#1–3 compiled intoAnne Rice's The Witching Hour: The Beginningby Millennium Publications (1994)[137]
  • Yoake No Vampire(Đêm minh け の ヴァンパイア)byAnimage(1995)[138]
  • Anne Rice's The Tale of the Body Thief#1–4 (numbers 5–12 were never published) by Sicilian Dragon (1999), completed in one volume by Sicilian Dragon (2000)[139][140]
  • Anne Rice's Servant of the Bones#1–6 byIDW Publishing(2011), compiled into one volume by IDW (2012)[141][142]
  • Interview with the Vampire: Claudia's StorybyYen Press(2012)[143]
  • The Wolf Gift: The Graphic Novelby Yen Press (2014)[144]

Fan fiction

[edit]
See also:Legal issues with fan fiction

Rice initially expressed an adamant stance againstfan fictionbased on her works, and particularly in opposition to such fiction based onThe Vampire Chronicles,releasing a statement in 2000 that disallowed all such efforts, citingcopyrightissues.[145][better source needed]She subsequently requested thatFanFiction.Netremove stories featuring her characters.[146]In 2012,Metroreported that Rice developed a milder stance on the issue. "I got upset about 20 years ago because I thought it would block me", she said. "However, it's been very easy to avoid reading any, so live and let live. If I were a young writer, I'd want to own my own ideas. But maybe fan fiction is a transitional phase: whatever gets you there, gets you there."[147]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^abBowman, John S. (1995).The Cambridge Dictionary of American Biography.New York: Cambridge University Press. p.607.ISBN0-521-40258-1.
  2. ^abRice, Anne (April 14, 2013)."Anne Rice".Facebook.Archivedfrom the original on January 24, 2016.RetrievedApril 26,2014.What do the words, "secular humanism," mean to you? Can you explain? (I am a secular humanist myself and I am thankful to be living in what I believe to be a secular humanist country, but I welcome your thoughts on this.)
  3. ^"Anne Rice".FantasticFiction.Archivedfrom the original on March 21, 2011.RetrievedJune 10,2012.Her books sold nearly 100 million copies, making her one of the most widely read authors in modern history.
  4. ^"Author Anne Rice on Conversion".Preaching Today.Christianity Today.Archivedfrom the original on June 19, 2012.RetrievedJune 10,2012.
  5. ^Rice, Anne."Phone Message Transcript: December 9, 2002".AnneRice.Anne Rice.Archivedfrom the original on May 10, 2012.RetrievedJune 10,2012.
  6. ^"Stan Rice Obituary".Legacy.Archivedfrom the original on October 21, 2012.RetrievedJune 10,2012.
  7. ^abMcClure, Kelly (October 24, 2022)."How Anne Rice's alcoholism influenced 'Interview with the Vampire'".Salon.RetrievedNovember 22,2022.
  8. ^"Anne Rice".Encyclopædia Britannica.Archivedfrom the original on October 6, 2021.RetrievedOctober 3,2021.
  9. ^abHusband, Stuart (November 2, 2008)."Anne Rice: interview with the vampire writer".The Daily Telegraph.London.Archivedfrom the original on December 13, 2017.RetrievedSeptember 11,2010.
  10. ^abc"O Obituaries Orleans Parish Louisiana".USGenWeb Archives.USGenWeb.Archivedfrom the original on May 31, 2012.RetrievedJune 22,2012.
  11. ^"THE IMPULSIVE IMP by Howard O'Brien".Kirkus Reviews.RetrievedFebruary 25,2023.
  12. ^Rice, Anne."The Impulsive Imp".AnneRice.Anne Rice.Archivedfrom the original on July 16, 2012.RetrievedJune 10,2012.
  13. ^"Rourke, Mary (August 3, 2007)."Alice Borchardt, 67; author wrote historical romance novels in second career after nursing".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedDecember 13,2021.
  14. ^Maccash, Doug (December 12, 2021)."Anne Rice, New Orleans' queen of Goth literature and champion of the city's mystique, has died".NOLA.RetrievedOctober 24,2022.
  15. ^abcMcGarvey, Bill (November 22, 2005)."Busted: Anne Rice".Busted Halo.Archivedfrom the original on July 22, 2012.RetrievedJune 10,2012.
  16. ^"Special-Interest Sightseeing: Anne Rice's New Orleans".John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Archivedfrom the original on March 22, 2011.RetrievedFebruary 27,2022.
  17. ^Ramsland 1991, pp. 34–35
  18. ^Rice, Anne."You Asked, Anne Answered".AnneRice.Kith and Kin, LLC. Archived fromthe originalon December 5, 1998.RetrievedJune 15,2012.
  19. ^Ramsland 1991. p. 10
  20. ^Interview "Called Out Of Darkness: Part 1: An Anne Rice Memoir"annerice channel,September 19, 2008onYouTube
  21. ^Rice, Anne."Biography".AnneRice.Anne Rice.Archivedfrom the original on February 23, 2011.RetrievedJune 22,2012.
  22. ^Ramsland 1991, pp. 28, 44
  23. ^abcdefghFerraro, Susan (October 14, 1990)."Novels You Can Sink Your Teeth Into".The New York Times Magazine.Archivedfrom the original on December 13, 2012.RetrievedJuly 3,2012.
  24. ^ab"Anne Rice Biography".Biography.AETN UK. Archived fromthe originalon May 10, 2012.RetrievedJune 22,2012.
  25. ^Ramsland 1991, p. 53
  26. ^""The high school home",annerice YouTube Channel,March 17, 2011 ".YouTube.Archivedfrom the original on August 28, 2014.RetrievedAugust 21,2014.
  27. ^""Returning to high school",annerice YouTube channel,March 17, 2011 ".YouTube.Archivedfrom the original on August 28, 2014.RetrievedAugust 21,2014.
  28. ^de los Reyes, Lisa (December 12, 2021)."Anne Rice, Author and Screenwriter of 'Interview With the Vampire,' Dies at 80".The Hollywood Reporter.RetrievedOctober 24,2022.
  29. ^Ramsland 1991, pp. 66–67
  30. ^Ramsland 1991, pp.67–77
  31. ^"Anne Rice".IMDb.Archivedfrom the original on July 25, 2018.RetrievedAugust 3,2017.
  32. ^Kellerman, Stewart (November 7, 1988)."Other Incarnations Of the Vampire Author".The New York Times.Archivedfrom the original on May 24, 2013.RetrievedJune 30,2012.
  33. ^"An Interview with Anne Rice".San Francisco State University.2006. Archived fromthe originalon November 19, 2011.RetrievedDecember 13,2021.
  34. ^abMetcalfe, Anna (November 15, 2010)."Small talk: Anne Rice".Financial Times.Archived fromthe originalon May 15, 2012.RetrievedDecember 13,2021.
  35. ^Ramsland 1991, pp. 112–113
  36. ^Wadler, Joyce; Greene, Johnny (December 5, 1998)."Anne Rice's Imagination May Roam Among Vampires and Erotica, but Her Heart Is Right at Home".People.Archived fromthe originalon March 30, 2011.RetrievedFebruary 27,2022.
  37. ^abcPeltier, Elian (December 12, 2021)."Anne Rice, Who Spun Gothic Tales of Vampires, Dies at 80".The New York Times.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  38. ^Riley, Michael (April 1996). "Chronology".Conversations with Anne Rice(Soft cover). New York: Ballantine Books. p. xvi.ISBN0-345-39636-7.
  39. ^"About Christopher".Christopher Rice, New York Times Best Selling Novelist.Christopher Rice. Archived fromthe originalon March 9, 2014.RetrievedApril 26,2014.Christopher's first novel, A DENSITY OF SOULS, was published when he was just 22.
  40. ^"Don't Drink"ArchivedAugust 28, 2014, at theWayback Machine,annerice YouTube channel
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  42. ^abcRice, Anne."Anne's Chamber: Recommendations".AnneRice.Anne Rice.Archivedfrom the original on May 27, 2012.RetrievedJune 11,2012.
  43. ^Cardin 2015,p. 358.
  44. ^abcCooper, Alice (March 11, 2016)."Alice Cooper Interviews Anne Rice on Religion, Vampires, Tom Cruise & Pot".Billboard.Archivedfrom the original on August 13, 2017.RetrievedFebruary 28,2022.
  45. ^Stern, Marlow (November 23, 2011)."Anne Rice on Sparkly Vampires, 'Twilight,' 'True Blood,' and Werewolves".The Daily Beast.Archivedfrom the original on July 25, 2012.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  46. ^Ramsland 1991, pp. 157–158
  47. ^Mackay, Kathleen (February 11, 1997)."A Literary Friendship: Life Is Not A Footrace"(Paperback).InRamsland, Katherine(ed.).The Anne Rice Reader.Ballantine Books.ISBN978-0345402677.RetrievedApril 26,2014.'I remember what you were wearing,' Anne said recently, recalling our first meeting in August 1974. It was the first night of the weeklong writers' conference at Squaw Valley, California, and we were at a party welcoming us to the writers' community.
  48. ^Ramsland 1991, pp. 159–160
  49. ^abcdefghijklmnop"Anne Rice".Encyclopaedia Britannica.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  50. ^abRamsland 1991, pp. 312–317
  51. ^"The Real World" Episode:Mardi Gras Mayhem
  52. ^abDean, Jennifer (December 12, 2009)."Q&A with Anne Rice on 'Angel Time'".The Press-Enterprise.Retrieved December 13, 2009.
  53. ^Rice, Anne."Anne's Messages to Fans".AnneRice.Anne Rice.Archivedfrom the original on December 30, 2008.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  54. ^"Prince Lestat (Book)".January 5, 2015.Archivedfrom the original on January 6, 2015.RetrievedJanuary 5,2015.
  55. ^Seikaly, Andrea (March 10, 2014)."Anne Rice Announces New 'Vampire Chronicles' Book".Variety.Archivedfrom the original on March 23, 2014.RetrievedApril 26,2014.Rice saidPrince Lestatwill be a 'true sequel' to her 1988 novelQueen of the Damned....
  56. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuClute, John;Langford, David;Sleight, Graham(eds.)."Rice, Anne".The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction(4th ed.).RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  57. ^abcHunter, Jeffrey W. (2000).Contemporary Literary Criticism.Vol. 128. Gale Cengage.ISBN0787632031.
  58. ^abDay 2002, p. 43
  59. ^ab"Writer Anne Rice: 'Today I Quit Being A Christian'".NPR.org.NPR.Archivedfrom the original on June 1, 2012.RetrievedJuly 3,2012.
  60. ^Day 2002, p. 45
  61. ^Kakutani, Michiko(October 19, 1985)."Books of the Times; Vampire for Out Times".The New York Times.p. 16.Archivedfrom the original on October 15, 2020.RetrievedMay 20,2020.
  62. ^"Anne Rice Says Diabetes Nearly Killed Her".ABC.June 26, 2004.Archivedfrom the original on February 2, 2017.RetrievedJanuary 21,2017.
  63. ^Anne Rice telephone message to fans about diabetic comaArchivedSeptember 26, 2011, at theWayback Machineannerice,February 1, 1999.
  64. ^Burke, Anne."An Interview with Anne Rice"ArchivedNovember 19, 2011, at theWayback MachineSFSU Magazine Online,Spring 2006.
  65. ^Ayres, Chris."The conversation: Anne Rice"ArchivedApril 22, 2011, at theWayback MachineThe Sunday Times,December 7, 2009. Retrieved February 28, 2022
  66. ^Anne Rice telephone message to fans about gastric bypass surgeryArchivedSeptember 26, 2011, at theWayback Machineannerice,February 17, 2003.
  67. ^Adato, Allison."Chapter Two"ArchivedMarch 30, 2011, at theWayback MachinePeople Magazine,Vol. 60, No. 25, December 22, 2003. Retrieved February 28, 2022
  68. ^abGates, David."The Gospel According to Anne"ArchivedOctober 29, 2021, at theWayback MachineNewsweek,October 31, 2005. Retrieved October 29, 2021
  69. ^O'Connor, Anne-Marie."Twists of faith"ArchivedAugust 3, 2010, at theWayback MachineLos Angeles Times,December 26, 2005. Retrieved February 28, 2022
  70. ^Examples from her blog atAnneRiceinclude:
  71. ^Rice, Anne (2008).Christ the Lord: Out of Egypt: A Novel(trade paperback) New York: Ballantine Books. pp. 323–325.ISBN978-0-345-49273-9.
  72. ^Rice, Anne (2005).Called Out of Darkness: A Spiritual Confession.New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 183.ISBN978-0-307-26827-3.
  73. ^ab"Anne Rice announces she is leaving New Orleans,annerice,January 18, 2004 ".Archived from the original on April 13, 2004.RetrievedApril 13,2004.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  74. ^"Author Anne Rice sells a four-bedroom house she owned in Kenner, LA for $2.265M".BergProperties.Archived fromthe originalon July 24, 2011.
  75. ^McMullen, Troy (December 2, 2005)."The Price-Rise Chronicles".Wall Street Journal.RetrievedDecember 13,2021.
  76. ^Rice, Anne (September 2005)."Anne's New Orleans: Hurricane Katrina"ArchivedMarch 2, 2010, at theWayback Machine.annerice.
  77. ^Rice, Anne (September 4, 2005)."Do You Know What It Means to Lose New Orleans?"ArchivedMay 22, 2015, at theWayback MachineThe New York Times.
  78. ^"The Gospel According to Anne".Newsweek.October 30, 2005.Archivedfrom the original on January 26, 2011.RetrievedJune 18,2011.
  79. ^"Anne Rice's rebirth".The San Diego Union-Tribune.November 3, 2005. Archived fromthe originalon November 19, 2011.RetrievedJune 18,2011.
  80. ^Showley, Roger M. (January 11, 2006)."Author Rice puts her La Jolla home up for sale for $11.5 million"ArchivedMay 10, 2012, at theWayback Machine.U-T San Diego.
  81. ^Beale, Lauren (May 12, 2010)."Anne Rice puts Rancho Mirage home on the market".LA Times.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  82. ^Anne Rice Doll CollectiononYouTube,annerice YouTube channel,November 22, 2008
  83. ^Denise Van Patten.""Celebrated Author Anne Rice Discusses Her Beloved Doll Collection And Its Sale",About".About.Archivedfrom the original on June 6, 2010.RetrievedJune 18,2011.
  84. ^Kellogg, Carolyn (March 23, 2011)."Going fast: Anne Rice's Ebay auction".Los Angeles Times Blog.Tribune Company.Archivedfrom the original on December 10, 2011.RetrievedJuly 3,2012.
  85. ^Giegerich, Andy (October 26, 2010)."Powell's Books buys Anne Rice collection".Portland Business Journal.Archivedfrom the original on March 16, 2012.RetrievedJuly 1,2012.
  86. ^"Anne Rice no longer Christianon publishednow.net ".Archived from the original on August 2, 2010.RetrievedAugust 2,2010.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  87. ^Kunhardt, Jessie (July 29, 2010)."Anne Rice: 'I Quit Being A Christian'".HuffPost.Archivedfrom the original on July 6, 2012.RetrievedFebruary 28,2022.
  88. ^""Anne Rice leaves Christianity"".CNN.Archivedfrom the original on August 1, 2010.RetrievedJuly 30,2010.
  89. ^Grossman, Cathy Lynn (July 30, 2010)."Novelist Anne Rice ditches Christianity for Christ".USA Today.Archivedfrom the original on January 24, 2012.RetrievedJuly 1,2012.
  90. ^abMitchell Landsberg,"Anne Rice discusses her decision to quit Christianity."ArchivedAugust 11, 2010, at theWayback MachineLos Angeles Times. August 7, 2010.
  91. ^"Anne Rice - White Chair Film - I Am Second".IAmSecond.March 24, 2010.RetrievedJuly 27,2023.
  92. ^"Writer Anne Rice: 'Today I Quit Being A Christian'".NPR.org.Archivedfrom the original on February 21, 2018.RetrievedAugust 3,2017.
  93. ^ab"Anne Rice, author of gothic novels, dead at 80".Associated Press.December 12, 2021.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  94. ^de los Reyes, Lisa (December 12, 2021)."Anne Rice, Author and Screenwriter of 'Interview With the Vampire,' Dies at 80".The Hollywood Reporter.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  95. ^Rice, Christopher [@chrisricewriter] (December 12, 2021)."Earlier tonight, my mother, Anne Rice, passed away due to complications resulting from a stroke. She left us almost nineteen years to the day my father, her husband Stan, died. Below is a statement I posted to her Facebook page moments ago"(Tweet) – viaTwitter.
  96. ^writer, DOUG MACCASH | Staff (January 15, 2022)."Vampire novelist Anne Rice is laid to rest in New Orleans".NOLA.RetrievedFebruary 3,2023.
  97. ^"Rice Family Mausoleum".Atlas Obscura.RetrievedFebruary 3,2023.
  98. ^Flood, Alison (March 11, 2014)."Anne Rice revives much-loved vampire for new novel Prince Lestat".The Guardian.Archivedfrom the original on April 16, 2014.RetrievedApril 26,2014.Prince Lestat, which will be published in October, and which Rice finished last year, will be a sequel to the first five Vampire Chronicles stories, she announced, and novel one of a new series.
  99. ^"Anne Rice, iconic author of gothic novels, dies at 80".Today.December 12, 2021.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  100. ^"Ramses the Damned: The Reign of Osiris by Anne Rice, Christopher Rice: 9781101970331".Penguin RandomHouse.Archivedfrom the original on August 9, 2021.RetrievedAugust 9,2021.
  101. ^Rampling, Anne (1985).Exit to Eden.New York: Arbor House.ISBN978-0-87795-609-9.RetrievedFebruary 25,2023.
  102. ^Rice, Anne (1986).Belinda.New York: Arbor House.ISBN978-0-87795-826-0.RetrievedFebruary 25,2023.
  103. ^abRamsland, Katherine (1997).The Anne Rice Reader(1st ed.). New York: Ballantine Books.ISBN9780345402677.
  104. ^Ramsland, Katherine M.; Rice, Anne (1996).The Roquelaure Reader: A Companion to Anne Rice's Erotica.New York: Plume. p. 243.ISBN9780452275102.
  105. ^"Playboy Magazine January 1979 vol. 26".25th Anniversary Issue.Vintage Playboy Mags.Archivedfrom the original on April 26, 2014.RetrievedApril 26,2014.
  106. ^Guran, Paula (2011). Joshi, S. T. (ed.).Encyclopedia of the Vampire: The Living Dead in Myth, Legend, and Popular Culture.Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood. p. 258.ISBN9780313378348.
  107. ^Interview with the Vampire: The Vampire Chronicles (1994),November 11, 1994,archivedfrom the original on November 29, 2017,retrievedAugust 3,2017
  108. ^Queen of the Damned (2002),February 22, 2002,archivedfrom the original on December 30, 2018,retrievedAugust 3,2017
  109. ^Rice, Anne:Wall – Just FansArchivedJuly 20, 2014, at theWayback Machine,Facebook
  110. ^"Exit to Eden (1994)".Rotten Tomatoes.Flixster, Inc.Archivedfrom the original on April 15, 2012.RetrievedJune 23,2012.
  111. ^Herr, Claudia (January 19, 2012)."Christ the Lord Coming to Theaters, with Anne Rice's Blessing".Wordandfilm.Word & Film.Archivedfrom the original on February 24, 2012.RetrievedFebruary 24,2012.
  112. ^Anne Rice: Vampire Chronicler.YouTube.Archivedfrom the original on May 15, 2015.RetrievedDecember 6,2014.
  113. ^"Film Review: 'The Young Messiah'".Variety.March 11, 2016.Archivedfrom the original on December 12, 2021.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  114. ^"Anne Rice's 'Vampire Chronicles' Takes Flight at Universal".Variety.August 7, 2014.Archivedfrom the original on November 15, 2017.RetrievedDecember 9,2017.
  115. ^Rice, Anne (November 27, 2016)."Anne Rice statement on her Official Facebook Fan Page".Facebook.Archivedfrom the original on February 2, 2017.RetrievedFebruary 13,2017.
  116. ^"Anne Rice Is Bringing Her Vampire Chronicles to Television".Vanity Fair. November 27, 2016.Archivedfrom the original on December 1, 2016.RetrievedFebruary 13,2017.
  117. ^Parkinson, David."Rag and Bone".Radio Times.Archivedfrom the original on May 22, 2013.RetrievedFebruary 27,2022.
  118. ^"The Feast of All Saints: Overview".MSN.Microsoft. Archived fromthe originalon February 8, 2012.RetrievedJune 22,2012.
  119. ^Fries, Laura (November 8, 2001)."Review: 'Anne Rice's The Feast of All Saints'".Variety.Archivedfrom the original on August 3, 2017.RetrievedAugust 3,2017.
  120. ^Smith, Christopher Allan (May 13, 2002)."NBC planning huge Anne Rice MAYFAIR series".Mania. Archived fromthe originalon November 30, 2012.RetrievedJune 23,2012.
  121. ^Multiple sources:
    • Snierson, Dan (January 12, 2001)."On the Air".Entertainment Weekly.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
    • Adalian, Josef (February 1, 2001)."Dances with Wolf".Variety.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  122. ^Multiple sources:
  123. ^"Anne Rice PlottingThe Vampire ChroniclesTV Series Adaptation ".Entertainment Weekly.Archivedfrom the original on November 29, 2016.RetrievedDecember 4,2016.
  124. ^Otterson, Joe (April 28, 2017)."Vampire ChroniclesSeries in Development at Paramount TV, Anonymous Content ".Variety.Archivedfrom the original on April 28, 2017.RetrievedApril 28,2017.
  125. ^Brockington, Ariana (January 12, 2018)."Bryan Fuller JoinsThe Vampire ChroniclesTV Series ".Variety.Archivedfrom the original on May 26, 2020.RetrievedMay 9,2018.
  126. ^Petski, Denise (July 17, 2018)."Anne Rice'sThe Vampire ChroniclesIn The Works At Hulu ".Deadline Hollywood.Archivedfrom the original on July 17, 2018.RetrievedJuly 17,2018.
  127. ^Schneider, Michael (December 20, 2019)."Anne Rice'sThe Vampire ChroniclesNo Longer at Hulu; Is Being Shopped Elsewhere ".Variety.Archivedfrom the original on March 8, 2021.RetrievedMay 14,2020.
  128. ^abOtterson, Joe (May 13, 2020)."Anne Rice'sVampire Chronicles,Lives of the Mayfair WitchesRights Land at AMC ".Variety.Archivedfrom the original on June 25, 2021.RetrievedMay 14,2020.
  129. ^"Lestat on Broadway on annerice".Archivedfrom the original on July 16, 2012.RetrievedJanuary 22,2010.
  130. ^Brook, Tom (April 26, 2006)."Disappointing start for Elton musical".BBC News.Archivedfrom the original on May 9, 2013.RetrievedJuly 1,2012.
  131. ^"Critics lay into Elton's musical".BBC News.April 26, 2006.Archivedfrom the original on April 26, 2014.RetrievedJuly 1,2012.
  132. ^"No Plans for Release of Lestat Original Cast Recording".Wisdom Digital Media.Archivedfrom the original on October 1, 2012.RetrievedJune 23,2012.
  133. ^Overstreet, Robert M. (1993).Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide(23rd ed.). New York: Avon Books. p. 431.ISBN9780380772209.
  134. ^"Books, Listed by Author".Locus.RetrievedDecember 13,2021.
  135. ^abcdOverstreet, Robert M. (2015).Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide(45th (2015-2016) ed.). Timonium, MD. p. 429.ISBN9781603601757.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  136. ^abMelton, J. Gordon (2011).The Vampire Book: The Encyclopedia of the Undead(3rd ed.). Detroit: Visible Ink Press. p. 575.ISBN9781578593484.
  137. ^Anne Rice's The Witching Hour: The Beginning.Millennium Publications. 1994.OCLC39333135.
  138. ^Mangaka, anime sakka jinmei jiten[Writers of comics in Japan] (in Japanese). Tokyo: Nichigai Asoshiet̄su. 1997. p. 202.ISBN9784816914232.OCLC37468558.
  139. ^"Anne Rice's The Tale of the Body Thief".Grand Comics Database.RetrievedDecember 13,2021.
  140. ^Rice, Anne; Perozich, Faye (2000).Anne Rice's Tale of the Body Thief: A Graphic Novel.London: Titan Books.ISBN9781840232462.OCLC44736360.
  141. ^"New Adaptation of Servant of the Bones Coming in August".IDW Publishing.April 1, 2011.Archivedfrom the original on May 2, 2011.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  142. ^"IDW's New Print & Digital Books This Week!".IDW Publishing.May 9, 2012.Archivedfrom the original on May 13, 2012.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  143. ^"Interview with the Vampire: Claudia's Story".Yen Press.Archivedfrom the original on December 12, 2021.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  144. ^"The Wolf Gift: The Graphic Novel".Yen Press.Archivedfrom the original on December 12, 2021.RetrievedDecember 12,2021.
  145. ^Rice, Anne."Important Message from Anne on" Fan Fiction "".Kith and Kin, LLC. Archived fromthe originalon June 2, 2012.RetrievedJune 15,2012.
  146. ^Pauli, Michelle (December 5, 2002)."Working the web: Fan fiction".The Guardian.London.Archivedfrom the original on February 17, 2008.RetrievedJuly 22,2011.
  147. ^"How fan fiction is conquering the internet and shooting up book charts".Metro.November 11, 2012.Archivedfrom the original on November 16, 2012.RetrievedApril 14,2013.

General references

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