Ants Kaljurand
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Ants Kaljurand | |
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 Mugshot of Kaljurand in mid-1900s | |
| Nickname(s) | Terrifying Ants[1] |
| Born | 20 October 1917 Tallinn,Autonomous Governorate of Estonia,Russian Republic |
| Died | 13 March 1951(aged 33) Tallinn,Estonia |
| Allegiance |  Estonia(1938-1940) Nazi Germany(1942-1944)RVL(1945-1949) |
| Service/ | Estonian Defense Forces Estonian Defense League Omakaitse Waffen-SS Armed Combat Union |
| Known for | Being a Forest Brother |
| Battles/wars | Summer War World War II Guerrilla war in the Baltic states |
Ants Kaljurand(20 October 1917 – 13 March 1951)[2]popularly known asTerrifying Ants,(Estonian:Hirmus Ants), was an EstonianNazi collaborator,anti-communist,andforest brotherduring and afterWorld War II.
Early life
[edit]Ants Kaljurand was born on 20 October 1917 inTallinn.[2]His mother Juula was born in 1887. There is no information about his father.[2]Kaljurand grew up in the village of Teesu nearPidula Bayon the island ofSaaremaa.He graduated from Pidula Primary School.
In 1935, he went to Koonga Parish (nowLääneranna Parish) inPärnu Countyto work as afarm laboreron Sepa Farm. In 1938, he served in theEstonian Defense Forcesand then continued on as a laborer on Sepa Farm.[3]
Partisan life
[edit]Kaljurand joined theForest Brothersand in the summer of 1941, attackedSoviet forcesinLääneand Pärnu Counties.[2]Between 1942 and 1944, during theoccupation of EstoniabyNazi Germany,he served in thecollaborationistparamilitaryOmakaitseand later on the front as part of theWaffen-SS.[4]After the retreat of the Germans in 1944, he remained a prisoner of war on Saaremaa, but escaped from the prison camp in December of the same year and continued his activities in the Forest Brothers.[2]
DuringEstonia's Soviet era,Kaljurand served as the local leader of theArmed Combat Union(Relvastatud Võitluse Liit), founded under the leadership of Endel Redlich, inSoontaga.
Capture and execution
[edit]It was not untilmidsummer1949 that theNKVDarrested him.[2][5]
On 24 June 1949 Ants Kaljurand and two members of his squad were discovered sleeping in the woods near the village of Võitra. Forest Brother Aleksander Valter and Arved Pill were seriously wounded in an exchange of fire. Ants tried to escape, but was wounded with a bayonet and captured.[6]
Kaljurand, Pill and Juhan Metsaäär were sentenced to death, others to from ten to twenty-five years in a prison camp. They were executed on 13 March 1951.[2][7]
Memorial
[edit]On 10 July 2011 a memorial stone of Ants Kaljurand was unveiled at theMihkli ChurchinKoonga Parish,Pärnu County,on the initiative of theEstonian Defense League.[8]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^[1]– issuu
- ^abcdefgHirmus Ants– Metsavennad.esm.ee (in Estonian)
- ^Mandel, Mati (2010).Kogu tõde Hirmus-Antsust?(in Estonian). Tallinn:Eesti Ajaloomuuseum.p. 215.ISBN9789985988947.
- ^Mandel, p. 215 (in Estonian)
- ^Mandel, pp. 130–132 (in Estonian)
- ^Mendel, Mati (2010).Kogu tõde Hirmus-Antsust?(in Estonian). Tallinn:Eesti Ajaloomuuseum.pp. 130–132.ISBN9789985988947.
- ^Mendel, Mati (2010).Kogu tõde Hirmus-Antsust?(in Estonian). Tallinn:Eesti Ajaloomuuseum.pp. 159–163.ISBN9789985988947.
- ^"Pärnumaal avati metsavend Hirmus-Antsu mälestuskivi".Eesti(in Estonian). 2011-07-10.Retrieved2022-06-01.
Further reading
[edit]- Valdek Kiiver:Hirmus-Ants. Bandiit, kangelane, legend.Kirjastus Aja lood,Tartu,2010;ISBN9789949210688(in Estonian)
- Mati Mandel:Kogu tõde Hirmus Antsust?.Eesti Ajaloomuuseum,Tallinn,2010;ISBN9789985988947(in Estonian)
External links
[edit]
- Varsti tulevad Truman ja Hirmus Ants![permanent dead link]–Maaleht(in Estonian)
- Raivo Raudkivi,Lapsepõlve lood: öine külaline ehk Hirmsa Antsuga söögilauas[permanent dead link](in Estonian)
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