Arabhi
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(July 2020) |
| Arohanam | SR₂M₁PD₂Ṡ |
|---|---|
| Avarohanam | ṠN₃D₂PM₁G₃R₂S |
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| Concepts |
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ArabhiorAarabhi(pronounced ārabhi) is aragam(musical scale) inCarnatic music(South Indian classical music). It is aJanyaraga (derived scale), whoseMelakartaraga (parent scale, also known asjanaka) isShankarabharanam,29th in the 72Melakartaraga system. It is a combination of the pentatonic scaleShuddha Saveri(orDurgainHindustani Music) and thesampurna ragascaleShankarabharanam.
Arabhiis aragathat dates back to 7 AD. Originally, it was called aspazhanthakkamin Ancient Tamil music[citation needed].A very auspicious ragam that emanatesVeera rasa(valour), Arabhi is one of the fiveGhanaragams that shine with special brilliance whenThanamis played onVeena.[1]
Structure and Lakshana[edit]
Itsārohaṇa-avarohaṇastructure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (seeswaras in Carnatic musicfor details on below notation and terms):
Arabhiraga is anOwdava-sampoornaraga meaning, 5swarasoccur in thearohana(so it is calledOwdava) and inavarohanaallswarasoccur (sosampoorna).
It is a raga without muchgamakasand frequency variations, relying instead on flat notes. The important point is the swara "ga" always comes very close to "ma" so when we sing the phrase "ma ga ri" it sounds like "ma ma ri". Likewise the swara "ni" always comes very close to the swara "sa" hence when we sing the phrase "sa ni da" it sounds like "sa sa da".[citation needed]
The closest raga to this one isDevagandhari.There are few aspects which make Arabhi different (though both share the same ascending and desce
- InArabhithe swara "ga" is close to "ma" but inDevagandhariit is not the same.
- The swara "ri" is not fluctuated inArabhibut it is given "asaivu" inDevagandhari
- The phrase "pa ma da sa" should not be sung inArabhi,as it is exclusive forDevagandhari
- Devagandhariis sung withgamakasandvilambita kala prayogas(usages with elongated notes)[2]
- Devagandhariis sung withdeergha gandharam(elongated G3)[2]
Arabhiraga is a very energetic and it lends itself to creativity inbrigas(fast-paced swara usages) more thangamakas.
Popular Compositions[edit]
The 3rd ofPancharatna Kritis(five gems of compositions),Sadhinchanae(also known as "Samayaniki Tagu Mataladene" ) by SaintThyagarajais a famous composition set in Arabhi raga. Here we can note that Thyagaraja uses phrases like "sa sa da" in the charanam although there are phrases like "sa ni da" also.
Here are some more compositions set to Arabhi.
| Type | Composition | Composer | talam |
|---|---|---|---|
| Varnam | Sarasija Mukhiro | Pallavi Doraiswamy Iyer | Adi |
| Varnam | Annamae aravaa | Tiger Varadachariar | Adi |
| Varnam | Amba Gauri | Irayimman Thampi | Adi |
| Kriti | Adidano Ranga(2nd Navaratna Malike) | Purandara Dasa | Adi |
| Kriti | Lalisidalu Magana | Purandara Dasa | Adi |
| Kriti | Dangurava Sari | Purandara Dasa | Adi |
| Kriti | Gubbiyalo Gubbiyalo | Vadiraja Tirtha | Adi |
| Kriti | Neela Lohita Damaruga | Jagannatha Dasa | Adi |
| Kriti | Mantralayadolu Rajipa | Kamalesha Vittala Dasu | Adi |
| Kriti | Dachuko Nee Padalaku | Annamacharya | Adi |
| Kriti | Saadinchane O Manasa(3rd Pancharatnam) | Thyagaraja | Adi |
| Kriti | Chaala kallalaadu | Thyagaraja | Adi |
| Kriti | O Rajeevaksha | Thyagaraja | Chapu |
| Kriti | Joothamurare | Thyagaraja | Rupakam |
| Kriti | Nada sudha rasa | Thyagaraja | Rupakam |
| Kriti | Patiki Mangala | Thyagaraja | Adi |
| Kriti | Sundari Ninnu Varnimpa | Thyagaraja | Misra Chapu |
| Kriti | Pranavakaram Siddhi Vinayakam | Ootukadu Venkata Kavi | Adi |
| Kriti | Sakala Loka Nayike Twam Eva Sharanam | Ootukadu Venkata Kavi | Adi |
| Kriti | Ganarajena rakshitoham | Muthuswamy Dikshitar | Misra Chapu |
| Kriti | Shri Saraswati namostute | Muthuswami Dikshitar | Rupakam |
| Kriti | Shwetaranyeshwaram | Muthuswami Dikshitar | Adi |
| Kriti | Adipurishwaram | Muthuswami Dikshitar | Adi |
| Kriti | Marakoti koti lavanya | Muthuswami Dikshitar | Jhampa |
| Kriti | Gowrishaya Namaste | Muthuswami Dikshitar | Triputa |
| Kriti | Palayashumam Paradevate | Syama Sastri | Triputa |
| Kriti | Paahi Parvata Nandini (Navarathri krithi-9th day) | Swathi Thirunal | Adi |
| Kriti | Vande Maheshwaram | Swathi Thirunal | Misra Chapu |
| Kriti | Narasimha Mamava | Swathi Thirunal | Khanda Chapu |
| Kriti | Shri Ramana Vibho | Swathi Thirunal | Aadi |
| Kriti | Madhu kaitabha | Muthiah Bhagavathar | Adi |
| Kriti | Rave Puruhutikamba | Maddirala Venkataraya Kavi | Misra Chapu |
| Kriti | Maravanu ne ninnu | G. N. Balasubramaniam | Rupakam |
| Kriti | Durga Lakshmi Saraswati | Papanasam Sivan | Adi |
| Kriti | Nilakantha Nityananda | Nilakanta Sivan | Adi |
| Kriti | Sri Sakala Ganadhipa | DrM. Balamuralikrishna | Adi |
| Kriti | Mahadeva Sutam | Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna | Adi |
| Kriti | Maha Balavanta Shri Hanumanta | Kalyani Varadarajan | Adi |
Film Songs[edit]
Language:Tamil[edit]
Title Song[edit]
| Song | Tv Serial | Composer | Singer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aadugiran Kannan | Adugiran Kannan | C. Sathya | Srinivas |
Language:Malayalam[edit]
| Song | Movie | Composer | Singers |
|---|---|---|---|
| Navakabhishekam Kazhinju | Guruvayur Kesavan | G. Devarajan | K J Yesudas |
Language:Telugu[edit]
| Song | Movie | Composer | Singers |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hey Parvathi natha[3] | Sita Rama Kalyanam (1961 film) | Gali Penchala Narasimha Rao | Ghantasala (musician) |
| Tapamu Phalinchina Shubhavela | Sri Krishnarjuna Yuddhamu | Pendyala (composer) | Ghantasala (musician) |
| Sri Kamini Kamitakara | Panduranga Mahatyam | T. V. Raju | Ghantasala (musician) |
| Brindavanamadi Andaridi Govindudu Andari vadele(Confluence of Devagandhari present)[4] | Missamma | S. Rajeswara Rao | A. M. Rajah&P. Susheela |
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ^"#19-Arabhi – The Raga with a Pleasing and Haunting Melody".ANURADHA MAHESH.17 December 2012.Retrieved30 August2021.
- ^abRagas in Carnatic musicby Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
- ^Saregama Telugu."Seetharama Kalyanam-Full Album:; N.T.Rama Rao:; B.SarojaDevi:;Galipenchala Narasimha Rao".youtube(videostreaming Clip starts@4min50sec &ends after 98sec).Retrieved21 June2021.
- ^Shalimar Telugu Hindi Movies."Missamma Movie Brindaavanamadi Andaridi Video Song NTR ANR SVR Savitri Jamuna".youtube(videostreaming).Retrieved10 February2014.