Ariarathes IV of Cappadocia
Ariarathes IV,surnamedEusebes,"the Pious", (Ancient Greek:Ἀριαράθης Εὐσεβής,Ariaráthēs Eusebḗs), was the king ofCappadociain 220–163 BC.
Early life[edit]
Ariarathes IV was the son of thekingofCappadociaAriarathes IIIand hisMacedonian GreekwifeStratonice.[1]He was a child at his accession, and reigned for about 57 years.[2]He married his cousinAntiochis,the daughter ofAntiochus III the Great,king ofSyria,andLaodice III,and, in consequence of this alliance, assisted Antiochus in his war against theRomans.After the defeat of Antiochus by the Romans in 190 BC, Ariarathes sued for peace in 188, which he obtained on favourable terms, as his daughter,Stratonice,was about that time betrothed toEumenes II,king ofPergamum,whom she later married, and became an ally of the Romans. In 183–179, he assisted Eumenes in his war againstPharnaces,kingofPontus.Polybiusmentions that a Roman embassy was sent to Ariarathes after the death of the SeleucidAntiochus IV Epiphanes,who died 164.
Antiochis, the wife of Ariarathes, is said to have at first borne him no children, and accordingly substituted two surrogates, who were called Ariarathes andOrophernes.Subsequently, however, it was said that she actually bore her husband two daughters and a son, who was named Mithridates, and afterwards becameAriarathes V,and then she informed Ariarathes of the deceit she had practiced upon him. The two surrogates were in consequence sent away from Cappadocia, one toRome,the other toIonia.[3]
Notes[edit]
- ^Boyce, Mary; Grenet, Frantz (1991).A History of Zoroastrianism: Zoroastrianism Under Macedonian and Roman Rule.BRILL. pp. 267–8.ISBN9004092714.
His son Ariarathes IV (220-c.162), thus half-Macedonian by blood, set the title "king" on his coins, and attached to his name the cognomen Philopator. He also introduced the device of Athena holding Nike, which became the standard reverse type of the Ariarathid coinage. […] His son Ariarathes V (c.162-130), with the cognomen Eusebes, was an ardent philhellene, and no longer wears the tiara on any of his coins. In his youth he studied in Athens, where he became friends with the future Attalus III, the last king of Pergamum. He in his turn married a Seleucid princess, his cousin Nysa, daughter of Antiochus III; and he refounded Mazaka and Tyana as Greek poleis…
- ^Diodorus Siculus,Bibliotheca,xxxi. 3;Justin,xxix. 1;Polybius,iv. 2
- ^Livy,xxxvii. 31,xxxviii. 38,39;Polybius,xxi. 43,47,xxiv. 8,9,xxv. 2,xxxi. 13,14,17;Appian, "The Syrian Wars",5,32,42;Diodorus,xxxi. 3
References[edit]
- Appian,The foreign wars,Horace White (translator),New York,(1899)
- Hazel, John;Who's Who in the Greek World,"Ariarathes IV", (1999)
- Head, Barclay;Historia Numorum,"Cappadocia",(1911)
- Justin;Epitome of Pompeius Trogus,John Selby Watson (translator);London,(1886)
- Livy;Ab urbe condita,Canon Roberts (translator);New York,(1905)
- Polybius;Histories,Evelyn S. Shuckburgh(translator);London-New York,(1889)
- Settipani, ChristianLes Ancêtres de Charlemagne(France: Éditions Christian, 1989).
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain:Smith, William,ed. (1870). "Ariarathes".Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.Vol. 1. p. 284.