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Charles Farrar Browne

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"Artemus Ward" redirects here. Not to be confused withArtemas Ward (disambiguation).
Charles Farrar Browne
"Artemus Ward"
Born
Charles Farrar Brown

(1834-04-26)April 26, 1834
Waterford, Maine
DiedMarch 6, 1867(1867-03-06)(aged 32)
Southampton,Hampshire
NationalityAmerican
Occupationhumorist

Charles Farrar Browne(April 26, 1834 – March 6, 1867) was an Americanhumorwriter, better known under hisnom de plume,Artemus Ward,which as a character, an illiterate rube with "Yankee common sense", Browne also played in public performances. He is considered to be America's first stand-up comedian.[1]His birth name was Brown but he added the "e" after he became famous.[2]

Biography

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Browne was born inWaterford, Maine.He began his career as acompositor[1]and occasional contributor to the daily and weekly journals. In 1858, inThe Plain Dealernewspaper (Cleveland, Ohio), he published the first of the "Artemus Ward" series, which, in collected form, achieved great popularity in both America andEngland.[3]

Browne's companion at thePlain Dealer,George Hoyt, wrote: "his desk was a rickety table which had been whittled and gashed until it looked as if it had been the victim of lightning. His chair was a fit companion thereto, a wabbling, unsteady affair, sometimes with four and sometimes with three legs. But Browne saw neither the table, nor the chair, nor any person who might be near, nothing, in fact, but the funny pictures which were tumbling out of his brain. When writing, his gaunt form looked ridiculous enough. One leg hung over the arm of his chair like a great hook, while he would write away, sometimes laughing to himself, and then slapping the table in the excess of his mirth."[4]

Photograph of Artemus Ward, sitting with his right leg crossed over his left, a top hat and books sitting on the table to his right. A typed caption at the bottom of the image reads "H. Hering Photo" and his name is written at the bottom.
Artemus Ward, [ca. 1859–1867]. Carte de Visite Collection, Boston Public Library.

In 1860, he became editor of thefirstVanity Fair,a humorous New York weekly that failed in 1863. At about the same time, he began to appear as a lecturer who, by his droll and eccentric humor, attracted large audiences.[5]Browne was also known as a member of the New Yorkbohemianset which included leaderHenry Clapp Jr.,Walt Whitman,Fitz Hugh Ludlow,and actressAdah Isaacs Menken.[1]

In 1863, Browne came toSan Franciscoto perform as Artemus Ward. An early expert at show business publicity, Browne sent his manager ahead by several weeks to buy advertising in the local papers and promote the show among prominent citizens for endorsements. On November 13, 1863, Browne stood before a packed crowd atPlatt's Music Hall,[6]playing the part of Artemus Ward as an illiterate rube but with "Yankee common sense."[1]WriterBret Hartewas in the audience that night and he described it inthe Golden Eraas capturing American speech: "humor that belongs to the country of boundless prairies, limitless rivers, and stupendous cataracts—that fun which overlies the surface of our national life, which is met in the stage,rail-car,canalandflat-boat,which bursts out over camp-fires and around bar-room stoves. "[1]

"Artemus Ward" was a favorite author ofU.S. PresidentAbraham Lincoln.Before presenting "The Emancipation Proclamation"to his Cabinet, Lincoln read to them the latest episode," Outrage in Utiky ", also known as" High-Handed Outrage at Utica ".[1]

When Browne performed inVirginia City,Nevada,he metMark Twainand the two became friends.[1]In his correspondence with Twain, Browne called him "My Dearest Love." Legend has it that, following a stage performance there, Browne, Twain, andDan De Quillewere trekking on a (drunken) rooftop tour of Virginia City until a town constable threatened to blast all three with ashotgunloaded withrock salt.Browne recommended Twain to the editors of theNew York Pressand urged him to journey to New York.[1]

In 1866, Browne visited England and attracted a large following to his playing Artemus Ward, both as lecturer and for his literary contributions toPunch.But within a year his health gave way and he died oftuberculosisat Southampton on March 6, 1867.[3]

In England Browne was buried atKensal Green Cemetery,but his remains were removed to the United States in 1868 and buried at Elm Vale Cemetery in Waterford, Maine.

Legacy

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InCleveland,where Browne started his comedy career, anelementary schoolis named after him, known asArtemus Ward Elementaryon W. 140th Street.[7]In the American Garden of theCleveland Cultural GardensinRockefeller Park,a monument of him was erected, next toMark Twain.[8][9]

Stories

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  • A Visit toBrigham Young
  • Women's Rights
  • One of Mr Ward's Business Letters
  • On "Forts"
  • Fourth of July Oration
  • High-Handed Outrage at Utica
  • Artemus Ward and the Prince of Wales
  • Interview with Lincoln
  • Letters to his Wife

Books

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References

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  1. ^abcdefghTarnoff, Benjamin (2014). The Bohemians: Mark Twain and the San Francisco Writers Who Reinvented American Literature. Penguin Books.ISBN978-1594204739.
  2. ^Maine League of Historical Societies and Museums (1970). Doris A. Isaacson (ed.).Maine: A Guide 'Down East'.Rockland, Me: Courier-Gazette, Inc. pp. 400–401.
  3. ^abOne or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain:Chisholm, Hugh,ed. (1911). "Ward, Artemus".Encyclopædia Britannica.Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 319.
  4. ^The Complete Works of Artemus Ward by Melville D. Landon, 1898 page 16
  5. ^"Artemus Ward | American humorist".Encyclopedia Britannica.Retrieved2017-08-21.
  6. ^
  7. ^"Welcome / Welcome".
  8. ^"Cleveland's Artemus Ward remembered as pioneer of stand-up comedy".4 February 2022.
  9. ^"American Colonial Cultural Garden".
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