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Members of the Delian League

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The Delian League before thePeloponnesian War,in 431 BC.

The members of theDelian League/Athenian Empire (c. 478-404 BC) can be categorized into two groups: the allied states (symmachoi) reported in the stone tablets of the Athenian tribute lists (454-409 BC), who contributed thesymmachikosphoros( "allied tax" ) in money, and further allies, reported either in epigraphy or historiography, whose contribution consisted of ships, wood, grain, and military assistance; proper and occasional members, subject members and genuine allies.

Analysis

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The study of thesymmachikos phorosprovides the following insights: The amount of tax paid by each state is written inAttic numerals.One-sixtieth is dedicated toAthena,the patron goddess of the city.[1]The membership is not limited toIoniansor Greek city-states (seeIalysus,Mysians,Eteocarpathiansandthe Carians whom Tymnes rules). Allied states of Western Greece are not categorized under a fiscal district the Thracian, Hellespontine, Insular, Carian and Ionianphorosof the eastern states; somehow comparable districts to the former Achaemenid satrapies ofSkudra,Hellespontine Phrygia,theYaunâon this side of the sea,Karka,and the Yaûna across the sea. The categorization of members under these fiscal districts appeared first in the list of 443/2 BC.[2]After 438 BC, the Carianphorosbecame part of the Ionian district and after c. 425 BC a newAktaios phoros,comprising the coastalTroad,was created out of the Hellespontine district. During theSicilian Expeditiona fragmentary list suggests that the Athenian state had created aMagna Graeciandistrict.The following names are readable:Naxians,Catanians,Sicels,Rhegians.[3][4]The only references until now on the Ponticphorosare the list of 425/4 BC[5]and 410/09 BC.

Paradoxically, although the modern current term for the alliance is "Delian League", inscriptions have not yet been found on theislandrelated to the League, and the information about the transfer of the treasure comes from the chronologization of the first Attic tribute list in 454 BC and not by Thucydides,[6]who just informs about the treasure and the center of the Athenian power/alliance being onDelos(Thuc. I.96.97). The first inscription which records theAthenians and alliescomes fromDelphi,dating to c. 475 BC,[7]is fragmentary, and the names of the allies are not readable or not mentioned. There is an epigraphical gap between 475 and 454 BC, although the phraseAthenians and alliesis always present in historiography (Thuc. 1. 109, campaign in Egypt).

The exact location of several inscribed cities is still debated. Atheniancleruchiesand colonies likeAmphipolisare considered part of the Athenian state and not members of the League.

Fiscal districts (443-409 BC)

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Insularphoros

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Nesiotikos phoros(Νησιωτικὸς φόρος)

Euboea

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Cyclades

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North Aegean

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Unknown region

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  • Grynches

Ionianphoros

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  • Ionikos phoros(Ἰωνικὸς φόρος)
  • AstyrenoiMysoiin 444/443 and 438/437

Islands

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  • Amorgioi onAmorgos
  • Chios425/4 BC (before the fiscal districts in 454/3, 448/7 and 447/6)
  • Nisyrioi onNisyros
  • Oinaioi of Oine onIcaria
  • Thermaioi of Thermai on Icaria

Aeolis

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Ionia

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Unknown region (of Ionian or Carian phoros)

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  • Airaies
  • Amynandes
  • Boutheia
  • Chalkeatai
  • Cheronnesioi
  • Diosiritai
  • Edries Messes
  • Erines
  • Gargares
  • Heraioi
  • Hiera para Sidymeas
  • Hyblisses
  • Idymes
  • Isindioi
  • Karbasyandes
  • Karyes para Idyma (city)
  • Kasolabes
  • Klaundes
  • Killares, whom [...] rules
  • Kindyes, whom [...] rules
  • Kodapes
  • Koioi
  • Krosa or Crusa
  • Kyromes
  • Lepsimandes
  • Marathesioi
  • Oranietai
  • Pactyes Idymeus ruler
  • Pasandes
  • Pladases
  • Pteleosioi
  • Sidosioi
  • Taramptos
  • Tarbanes
  • Teichiossa

Carianphoros

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Karikos phoros(Καρικὸς φόρος)

Caria and Doris

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Dodecanese

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Lycia

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Lycaonia

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  • Milyae tribe

Pamphylia

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Cilicia

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  • Ityra
  • Kelenderis

Thracianphoros

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Thrakios phoros(Θράκιος φόρος)

Pieria

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Mygdonia

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Chalcidice

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East Macedonia

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Thrace proper

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Sporades

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Unknown region

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  • Asseritai
  • Chedrolioi
  • Haisa
  • Galaia
  • Kossaioi
  • Miltorioi
  • Othorioi
  • Pharbelioi
  • Pieres at Pergamon
  • Pergamoteichitai
  • Sermaies
  • Singeion
  • Skablaioi
  • Smilla Gigonos
  • Thyssioi
  • Tinda

Hellespontinephoros

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Hellespontios phoros(Ἑλλησπόντιος φόρος)

Islands

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Thrace

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Thracian Chersonese

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Asia Minor

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Unknown region

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  • Arisbaioi
  • Artaioteichitai
  • Azeies
  • Brylleianoi
  • Daunioteichitai
  • Gentinioi
  • Halonesioi
  • Harpagianoi
  • Kebrenioi (Kebrene, in Troad region)
  • Kianoi
  • Kolones
  • Lamponeies
  • Limnaioi
  • Metropolis (Anatolia)?
  • Neandreies
  • Neapolis (in Western-Macedonia prefecture)?
  • Otlenoi
  • Paisenoi
  • Palaiperkosioi
  • Perkosioi of the city Perkote
  • Serioteichitai
  • Skapsioi
  • Sombia
  • Teria para Brylleion
Aktaiai Poleis
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The cities of theAktaios phoros(Ἀκταῖος φόρος), the coastalTroad,separated from the Hellespontine district in 427 BC following the Mytilenaean revolt and first appearing in the tribute lists of 425/4 BC.

Ponticphoros(Black Sea)

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Pontikos phoros(Ποντικός φόρος)

Other allies

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Aegean

Cyprus

Egypt

Ionian Islands

West central Greece

Macedonia

Magna Graecia

Peloponnese

References

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Notes

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  1. ^Empire of the owl: Athenian imperial finance By Loren J. SamonsPage 36ISBN3-515-07664-6(2000)
  2. ^Ancient Greece: Social & Historical Documents from Archaic Times to the Death of SocratesPage 274by Matthew DillonISBN978-0-415-21755-2(2000)
  3. ^IG I³ 291Attica c.415 BC
  4. ^The concept of neutrality in classical Greece By Robert A. BauslaughPage 147ISBN978-0-520-06687-8(1991)
  5. ^IG I³ 71 line 170
  6. ^Thucydides: narrative and explanation ByTim RoodPage 233ISBN0-19-815256-6(1998)
  7. ^IG I³ 1465Phokis — Delphi — stoich. — c.475 BC —
  8. ^If citizens ofBerge,it suggests that it became Athenian colony after 429/8 BC, the last report of Bergaioi in the lists
  9. ^An inventory of archaic and classical poleis By Mogens Herman Hansen, Thomas Heine Nielsen Page 978ISBN 0-19-814099-1 (2004)
  10. ^Not to be confused withParosisland, which is listed under the ethnic Parioi in the Insular phoros
  11. ^AtticaIG I³ 89
  12. ^IG I³ 117
  13. ^IG I³ 12
  14. ^IG I³ 54
  15. ^AtticaIG I³ 53
  16. ^AtticaIG I³ 83

Primary sources

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IG I³ 259454/3 BC,IG I³ 269443/2 BC,IG I³ 270442/1 BC,IG I³ 271441/0 BC,IG I³ 272440/39 BC,IG I³ 273439/8 BC,IG I³ 277435/4 BC,IG I³ 279433/2 BC, IG I³ 282429/8 BC, IG I³ 71425/4 BC,IG I³ 270422/1 BC,IG I³ 100410/09 BC.

Secondary sources

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  • The Athenian Tribute Listsby Benjamin D. Meritt,H. T. Wade-Gery,Malcolm F. McGregorISBN978-0-87661-913-1(1939-1953)
  • The Athenian Empire Restored: Epigraphic and Historical Studiesby Harold B Mattingly, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor,ISBN0-472-10656-2
  • The power of money: coinage and politics in the Athenian Empireby Thomas J. Figueira
  • Epigraphic geography: the tribute quota fragments assigned to 421/0-415/4 B.Cby Lisa Kallet
  • Charles F. Edson,Notes of the Thracian phoros,CP 42 (1947)
  • Thraceby Anna Avramea, Greece. Genikē Grammateia Periphereias Anat. Makedonias-Thrakēs Page 107ISBN960-85609-1-8(1994)
  • Mogens Herman Hansen and Thomas Heine Nielsen,An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis(Oxford University Press, 2004:ISBN0-19-814099-1)
  • G. Pisani,Le liste dei tributi degli alleati di Atene (V sec. a.C.),Padova 1974, pp. 1–91

( academia.edu/30695318/Le_liste_dei_tributi_degli_alleati_di_Atene_V_sec._a.C._)

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