1908
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1908(MCMVIII) was aleap year starting on Wednesdayof theGregorian calendarand aleap year starting on Tuesdayof theJulian calendar,the 1908th year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 908th year of the2nd millennium,the 8th year of the20th century,and the 9th year of the1900sdecade. As of the start of 1908, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
This is the longest year in either the Julian or Gregorian calendars, having a duration of 31622401.38 seconds ofTerrestrial Time(orephemeris time), measured according to the definition of meansolar time.[1]
Events
[edit]January
[edit]
- January 1– The BritishNimrodExpeditionled byErnest Shackletonsets sail from New Zealand on theNimrodfor Antarctica.
- January 3– Atotal solar eclipseis visible in the Pacific Ocean and is the 46th solar eclipse ofSolar Saros 130.
- January 13– A fire breaks out at theRhoads Opera HouseinBoyertown, Pennsylvania,killing 171 people.
- January 15–Alpha Kappa Alpha,the first race inclusive sorority is founded on the campus of Howard University in Washington, D.C.
- January 24–Robert Baden-Powell'sScouting for Boysbegins publication in London. The book eventually sells over 100 million copies, and effectively begins the worldwideBoy Scoutmovement.
February
[edit]- February 1–Lisbon Regicide:KingCarlos I of PortugalandPrince Luis Filipeare shot dead inLisbon.
- February 3–Panathinaikos A.O.,a well-known professional multi-sports club ofGreece,is founded inAthens.[2]
- February 12– The first around-the-world car race, the1908 New York to Paris Race,begins.
- February 18–Japanese emigration to the United Statesis forbidden, under terms of theGentlemen's Agreement of 1907.
- February 29– The State Normal and Industrial School for Women, precursor toJames Madison University,is founded inHarrisonburg, Virginia.
March
[edit]- March
- A 40,000-year-oldNeanderthalboy skeleton is found atLe Moustierin southwest France, byOtto Hauser.
- Arthur Mee'sThe Children's Encyclopædiabegins publication in London.
- March 4
- ThePretoriabranch ofTransvaal University College,precursor to theUniversity of Pretoria,is established.
- TheCollinwood school firenearCleveland,Ohiokills 174.
- Bank of Communications,a majorfinancial servicesprovider inChina,is founded inBeijing,.
- March 9
- Football Club Internazionaleis founded inMilan,Italy
- March 23– American diplomatDurham Stevens,an employee of Japan'sMinistry of Foreign Affairs,is assassinated inSan Franciscoby twoKorean immigrants,unhappy with his recent support for the increasing Japanese presence in Korea.
- March 27– The firstScout troopoutside the U.K. is formed inGibraltar.
- March 29– French aviatorHenri Farmanmakes the world's first flight with a passenger,Léon Delagrange.
April
[edit]- April 8–H. H. Asquithof theLiberal Partytakes office asPrime Minister of the United Kingdom,succeeding SirHenry Campbell-Bannerman.[3]
- April 20–Sunshine rail disaster:A rear-end collision of two trains inMelbourne,Australia kills 44 people and injures more than 400.[4]
- April 21–Frederick Cookclaims to have reached theNorth Poleon this date.
May
[edit]- May 14–October 31– TheFranco-British Exhibition (1908)is held in London.
- May 26– AtMasjed Soleymanin southwestPersia,the first major commercial oil discovery in the Middle East is made. The rights to the resource are quickly acquired by theUnited Kingdom.
June
[edit]- June 28– Anannular solar eclipseis visible from Central America, North America, Atlantic Ocean and Africa and is the 33rd solar eclipse ofSolar Saros 135.
- June 29– Kohlerer-Bahn byBleichertopens inBolzano,South Tyrol,the first modern aerial enclosedcable carsolely for passenger service.[5]
- June 30(June 17OS) – TheTunguska eventor "Russian explosion" near thePodkamennaya Tunguska RiverinKrasnoyarsk Krai,Siberia,Russian Empire,is believed to have been caused by theair burstof a largemeteoroidorcometfragment, at an altitude of 5–10 kilometres (3–6 mi) above theEarth's surface.[6][7][8]
July
[edit]
- July 1–SOScomes into force internationally as adistress signal(originally for ship-to-shorewireless telegraphy).[9]
- July 3–Young Turk Revolutionin theOttoman Empire:Major Ahmed Niyazi, with 200 followers (Ottoman troops and civilians), begins an open revolution by defecting from the 3rd Army Corps inMacedonia,decamping into the hill country.
- July 6–Robert Pearysets sail for theNorth Pole.
- July 8– French aviatorLéon Delagrangemakes the world's first flight with a female passenger, his partner and fellow sculptorThérèse Peltier.[10]
- July 11–12– The steamshipAmalthea,housing 80 BritishstrikebreakersinMalmöharbour,Sweden,is bombed byAnton Nilson;1 is killed, 20 injured.
- July 11– The Western University of Pennsylvania is renamed theUniversity of Pittsburgh.
- July 13–25– The1908 Summer Olympicsare held in London. (Originally scheduled to be in Rome, but changed due to the Mount Vesuvius eruption of 1906.[11]Figure skatingevents are held in London fromOctober 28–29.)
- July 19–Feyenoord,the first Dutch football club towintheUEFA Champions League,is founded atRotterdam,Netherlands
- July 23–Young Turk Revolution:TheCommittee of Union and Progress(CUP) issues a formal ultimatum toSultan Abdul Hamid II,to restore the constitution of1876within theOttoman Empire;it is restored the following day.
- July 24– ItalianDorando Pietriwins the Olympicmarathon(run fromWindsor Castleto London) in one of the most dramatic arrivals in Olympic history, only to be disqualified soon afterwards for receiving assistance; victory is awarded to Irish-AmericanJohnny Hayes.
- July 27–28– The1908 Hong Kong typhoonsinks the passenger steamerYing King,causing 421 deaths.
August
[edit]- August 8
- Wilbur Wrightflies in France for the first time, demonstrating true controlled powered flight in Europe.
- The Hoover CompanyofCanton, Ohio,acquires manufacturing rights to the upright portablevacuum cleanerpatentedon June 22 byJames M. Spangler.
- August 24– After an intense power struggle, SultanAbdelaziz of Moroccois deposed and is succeeded by his brotherAbd al-Hafid.
- August 28– American Messenger Company, predecessor ofUnited Parcel Service,is founded inWashington (state).[12]
- August 31– The Great Storm of 1908 starts to pound theBristol Channel,lasting into the morning of September 2.[13]
September
[edit]- September 10– The firstMinas Geraes-classDreadnoughtbattleshipforBrazil,Minas Geraesis launched atArmstrong Whitworth's yard on theRiver Tynein England, catalysing the "South American dreadnought race".
- September 17– AtFort Myer,Virginia,Thomas Selfridgebecomes the first person to die in an airplane crash. The pilot,Orville Wright,is severely injured in the crash but recovers.
- September 28– Classes begin atBenjamin Franklin Institute of TechnologyinBoston,Massachusetts, established under the terms of Franklin's will.
October
[edit]
- October 1
- Official launch ofHenry Ford'sFord Model Tautomobile, the first having left theFord Piquette Avenue PlantinDetroit,Michigan,on September 27.[14]The initial price is set at US$850.[15]
- Penny Postis established between theUnited KingdomandUnited States.[16]
- October 5
- Bulgariadeclares its independence from theOttoman Empire;Ferdinand I of BulgariabecomesTsar.
- The Melting Pot,a play byIsrael Zangwill,opens in Washington, D.C. The title quickly becomes a widely used symbol for assimilation of immigrants to the United States.
- October 6– TheBosnian crisisbegins, after theAustro-Hungarian EmpireannexesBosnia and Herzegovinafrom theOttoman Empire.
- October 8– The University of Omaha, precursor of theUniversity of Nebraska Omaha,is founded as a private non-sectarian college.
- October 14– TheChicago Cubsbeat theDetroit Tigersin the1908 World Seriesin baseball. The Cubs would not win anotherWorld Seriesfor 108 years.
- October 29–Olivetti,the well-knowntypewriterand business equipment company, is founded inItaly.[17]
November
[edit]- November 3–1908 United States presidential election:Republican candidateWilliam Howard TaftdefeatsWilliam Jennings Bryan,321 electoral votes to 162.
- November 6– Western banditsButch Cassidyand theSundance Kidare supposedly killed inBolivia,after being surrounded by a large group of soldiers. There are many rumors to the contrary however, and their grave sites are unmarked.
- November 15– KingLeopold II of Belgiumformally relinquishes his personal control of theCongo Free State(becomingBelgian Congo) to Belgium, following evidence collected byRoger Casementof maladministration.
- November 25
- The Christian Science Monitornewspaper is first published, in the United States.
- A fire breaks out onSSSardiniaas it leaves Malta'sGrand Harbour,resulting in the ship's grounding and the deaths of at least 118 people.[18]
December
[edit]- December 2– YoungEmperorPuyiascends the Chinese throne at age 2.
- December 16– Construction begins on theRMSOlympic,at theHarland and WolffShipyard inBelfast.
- December 23– Ahybrid solar eclipseis visible from Atlantic Ocean and is the 23rd solar eclipse ofSolar Saros 140.
- December 28– The 7.1 Mw Messina earthquakeshakesSouthern Italywith a maximumMercalli intensityof XI (Extreme), killing between 75,000 and 200,000.
Undated
[edit]Births
[edit]January
[edit]
- January 8
- William Hartnell,British actor (died1975)
- Fearless Nadia(Mary Evans), Indian actress (died1996)
- January 9–Simone de Beauvoir,French feminist writer (died1986)[20]
- January 10–Paul Henreid,Austrian-born American actor (died1992)
- January 12–Jean Delannoy,French film director (died2008)
- January 15–Edward Teller,Hungarian-born physicist (died2003)
- January 16
- Günther Prien,German submarine commander (died1941)
- Ethel Merman,American singer and actress (died1984)
- January 22–Lev Landau,Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died1968)
- January 26–Stéphane Grappelli,French jazz violinist and composer (died1997)[21]
February
[edit]
- February 1–George Pal,Hungarian-born American animator (died1980)
- February 5–Peg Entwistle,Welsh actress (died1932)
- February 6
- Amintore Fanfani,32nd Prime Minister of Italy (died1999)
- Michael Maltese,American screenwriter (died1981)
- February 7–Buster Crabbe,American swimmer, actor (died1983)
- February 11–Vivian Fuchs,English geologist, explorer (died1999)
- February 17–Bo Yibo,Chinese politician (died2007)
- February 19–Qin Hanzhang,Chinese engineer (died2019)
- February 22
- Rómulo Betancourt,President of Venezuela(died1981)
- John Mills,English actor (died2005)[22]
- February 23–Sir William McMahon,20th Prime Minister of Australia (died1988)
- February 26
- Tex Avery,American cartoonist (died1980)
- Nestor Mesta Chayres,Mexican operatic tenor and bolero vocalist (died1971)
- Jean-Pierre Wimille,French racing driver (died1949)
- February 27– Herbert Wiere, Austrian-born Americanslapstickcomedian, member of theWiere Brothers(died1999)
- February 29–Balthus,French painter (died2001)
March
[edit]
- March 2–Walter Bruch,German engineer (died1990)
- March 5–Rex Harrison,English actor (died 1990)
- March 7–Anna Magnani,Italian actress (died1973)
- March 14–Ed Heinemann,American aircraft designer (died1991)
- March 18–Ivor Moreton,British singer and pianist (died 1984)
- March 20–Michael Redgrave,English actor (died1985)
- March 22–Louis L'Amour,American author (died1988)
- March 25–David Lean,English film director (died1991)
- March 29–Arthur O'Connell,American actor (died1981)
April
[edit]
- April 1–Abraham Maslow,American psychologist (died1970)[23]
- April 2–Buddy Ebsen,American actor and dancer (died2003)
- April 5
- Bette Davis,American actress (died1989)
- Herbert von Karajan,Austrian conductor (died1989)
- April 7–Percy Faith,Canadian-born American composer, musician (died1976)
- April 9–Paula Nenette Pepin,French composer, pianist and lyricist (died1990)
- April 11
- Masaru Ibuka,Japanese electronics industrialist (died1997)
- Dan Maskell,British tennis coach, commentator (died1992)
- April 12–Carlos Lleras Restrepo,President of Colombia (died1994)
- April 15–Lita Grey,American actress (died1995)
- April 20–Lionel Hampton,African-American musician and bandleader (died2002)
- April 24–Józef Gosławski,Polish sculptor, medallic artist (died1963)
- April 25–Edward R. Murrow,American journalist (died1965)
- April 26–Fred Phillips,Americanmake-up artist(died1993)
- April 28–Oskar Schindler,Austro-Hungarian (Sudeten German) industrialist (died1974)
- April 29–Jack Williamson,American science fiction author (died2006)
- April 30
- Eve Arden,American actress (died1990)
- Bjarni Benediktsson,Icelandic prime minister (died1970)
May
[edit]
- May 1–Krystyna Skarbek,Polish-born World War II heroine (died1952)
- May 5–Kurt Böhme,German bass (died1989)
- May 7–Max Grundig,German inventor, industrialist (died1989)
- May 8–Arturo de Córdova,Mexican actor (died1973)
- May 17–Muhammad Ahmad Mahgoub,Sudanese author, 6thPrime Minister of Sudan(died1976)
- May 19–Percy Williams,Canadian athlete (died1982)[24]
- May 20–James Stewart,American actor (died1997)[25]
- May 23
- John Bardeen,American physicist, twice awarded the Nobel Prize (died1991)
- Hélène Boucher,French aviator (died1934)
- Tomiko Itooka,Japanese supercentenarian,oldest living person.[26]
- May 25–Theodore Roethke,American poet (died1963)
- May 26
- Robert Morley,British actor (died1992)
- Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ,1st Prime Minister of South Vietnam (died1976)
- May 28–Ian Fleming,English novelist (died1964)[27]
- May 30
- Hannes Alfvén,Swedish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died1995)
- Mel Blanc,American voice actor (died1989)
- May 31–Don Ameche,American actor (died1993)[28]
June
[edit]
- June 4–Geli Raubal,Austrian relative ofAdolf Hitler(died1931)
- June 11–Francisco Marto,Portuguese saint (died1919)
- June 12–Marina Semyonova,Russian ballerina (died2010)
- June 21–Yun Bong-gil,Korean resister against the Japanese occupation of Korea (died1932)
- June 24
- Hugo Distler,German composer (died1942)
- Alfons Rebane,Estonian military commander (died1976)
- June 25–Willard Van Orman Quine,American philosopher, academic (died2000)[29]
- June 26
- Salvador Allende,President of Chile(died1973)[30]
- Estrellita Castro,Spanish singer and actress (died1983)
- June 29–Leroy Anderson,American composer (died1975)
July
[edit]
- July 1–Luis Regueiro,Spanish footballer (died1995)[31]
- July 2–Thurgood Marshall,Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States(died1993)[32]
- July 5–Henri of Orléans, Count of Paris,Orléanist claimant to the throne of France (died1999)
- July 8–Kaii Higashiyama,Japanese painter and writer (died1999)[33]
- July 12
- Alois Hudec,Czechoslovak gymnast, Olympic champion (died1997)
- Milton Berle,American comedian (died2002)
- July 13–Garfield Todd,5th Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia (died2002)
- July 17–Mohammad Natsir,Indonesian scholar and politician; 5th Prime Minister of Indonesia (died1993)
- July 18–Lupe Vélez,Mexican actress, dancer and singer (died1944)
- July 23–Karl Swenson,American actor (died1978)
August
[edit]
- August 4–Kurt Eichhorn,German conductor (died1994)
- August 5–Harold Holt,17thPrime Minister of Australia(died1967)
- August 6–Helen Jacobs,American tennis player and commander (died 1997)[34]
- August 8
- Arthur Goldberg,American politician, diplomat andAssociate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States(died1990)
- Chivu Stoica,48thPrime Minister of Romania(died1975)
- August 10–Lauri Lehtinen,Finnish Olympic athlete (died1973)[35]
- August 13–Gene Raymond,American actor (died1998)
- August 18–Edgar Faure,2-timePrime Minister of France(died1988)
- August 21
- M. M. Kaye,British writer (died2004)
- Tom Tully,American actor (died1982)
- August 22–Henri Cartier-Bresson,French photographer (died2004)[36]
- August 27
- Donald Bradman,Australian cricketer (died2001)
- Lyndon B. Johnson,36thPresident of the United States(died1973)
- August 28–Robert Merle,French writer (died2004)
- August 30
- Leonor Fini,Argentine artist (died 1996)
- Fred MacMurray,American actor (died1991)
- August 31–William Saroyan,American writer (died1981)[37]
September
[edit]
- September 2
- Ruth Bancroft,American landscape and garden designer (d.2017)
- Dorothea Leighton,American social psychiatrist, founder of the field of medical anthropology (died1989)
- September 3–Lev Pontryagin,Russian mathematician (died1988)[38]
- September 4–Richard Wright,African-American author (died1960)
- September 5
- Ahmed Balafrej,Moroccan politician, Foreign Minister and 2ndPrime Minister of Morocco(died1990)
- Cecilia Seghizzi,Italian composer, painter (died2019)
- September 7–Michael E. DeBakey,American surgeon, medical researcher (died2008)
- September 13–Mae Questel,American actress (died1998)[39]
- September 18–Viktor Ambartsumian,Soviet Armenian scientist (died1996)[40]
- September 19–Mika Waltari,Finnish author (died1979)[41]
- September 21–Charles Upham,New Zealand soldier, twice winner of theVictoria Cross(died1994)[42]
- September 25–Eugen Suchoň,Slovak composer (died1993)
- September 29–Eddie Tolan,American athlete (died1967)[24]
- September 30–David Oistrakh,Ukrainian-born violinist (died1974)
October
[edit]
- October 6–Carole Lombard,American actress (died1942)
- October 7–Baek Du-jin,Korean politician, 4thPrime Minister of the Republic of Korea(South Korea) (died1993)
- October 15–John Kenneth Galbraith,Canadian economist (died2006)
- October 16–Enver Hoxha,Albanian communist dictator (died1985)
- October 21–Jorge Oteiza,Spanish painter (died2003)
- October 23–Ilya Frank,Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died1990)
- October 27–Lee Krasner,American painter (died1984)
- October 28–Arturo Frondizi,35thPresident of Argentina(died1995)
- October 30–Dmitriy Ustinov,Soviet Army officer, Minister of Defense (died1984)
November
[edit]- November 3–Giovanni Leone,68thPrime Minister of Italy,6thPresident of Italy(died2001)
- November 4–Joseph Rotblat,Polish physicist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (died2005)
- November 14–Joseph McCarthy,American politician (died1957)
- November 16–Emmanuelle Cinquin,French religious sister (died2008)
- November 18–Imogene Coca,American actress (died 2001)
- November 20–Alistair Cooke,English-born American journalist (died2004)
- November 28–Claude Lévi-Strauss,Belgian-born French anthropologist (died2009)
December
[edit]
- December 4–Alfred Hershey,American bacteriologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died1997)
- December 6–Baby Face Nelson,American gangster (died1934)
- December 9–Aden Adde,1st president of Somalia (died 2007)
- December 10–Olivier Messiaen,French composer (died1992)
- December 11
- Carlos Arias Navarro,Spanish politician,President of Spain(died1989)[43]
- Elliott Carter,American composer (died2012)
- Manoel de Oliveira,Portuguese film director and screenwriter (died2015)
- Hákun Djurhuus,4thPrime Minister of the Faroe Islands(died1987)
- Alfred Proksch,Austrian Olympic athlete (died2011)[44]
- December 14
- Doria Shafik,Egyptian feminist, poet, writer and editor (d.1975)[45]
- Laurence Naismith,English actor (died1992)
- December 16–Hans Schaffner,69thPresident of Switzerland(died2004)
- December 17–Willard Libby,American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (died1980)
- December 28–Lew Ayres,American actor (died1996)
- December 31–Simon Wiesenthal,Austrian Nazi-hunter (died2005)[46]
Date unknown
[edit]- Takieddin el-Solh,2-TimePrime Minister of Lebanon(died1988)[47]
- Suleiman Nabulsi,12thPrime Minister of Jordan(died1976)
Deaths
[edit]January–March
[edit]
- January 9–Wilhelm Busch,German painter, poet (born1832)[48]
- January 14–Holger Drachmann,Danish poet (born1846)[49]
- January 17–Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany(born1835)
- January 20–William Wood,American ventriloquist (born c. 1861)
- January 23–Edward MacDowell,American composer (born1860)
- January 25–Ouida,English writer (born1839)[50]
- February 1
- KingCarlos I of Portugal(born1863)
- Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal(born1887)
- February 17
- Annie Ryder Gracey,American missionary (born1836)
- Baron Ignaz von Plener,3rd Minister-President of Cisleithania (born1810)
- February 22–Eliza A. Pittsinger,"The California Poetess" (born1837)
- February 29
- John Hope, 1st Marquess of Linlithgow,1st Governor-General of Australia (born1860)
- Pat Garrett,Sheriff in the Old West; shotBilly the Kidin 1881 (born1850)
- March 3–Sidney Hill,English philanthropist (born1829)
- March 11–Edmondo De Amicis,Italian novelist (born1846)[51]
- March 27–Charles N. Sims,American Methodist preacher, third chancellor ofSyracuse University(born1835)
- March 29–Esther Pugh,American temperance reformer (born1834)
- March 30–Chester Gillette,American murderer (executed) (born1883)
April–June
[edit]- April 20–Henry Chadwick,English-born American baseball writer (born1824)
- April 22
- Qasim Amin,Egyptian writer (born1863)
- Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman,Prime Minister of the United Kingdom(born1836)
- April 26–Karl Möbius,German ecologist (born1825)[52]
- May 2–Prince Yamashina Kikumaro,Japanese prince (born1873)
- May 17–Carl Koldewey,German explorer (born1837)[53]
- May 23–François Coppée,French poet, playwright and novelist (born1842)[54]
- May 24–Old Tom Morris,Scottish golfer (born1821)
- May 26–Mirza Ghulam Ahmad,Sikh Empire-born founder of theAhmadiyyamovement in Islam (born1835)
- June 2–Sir Redvers Buller,British general, Victoria Cross recipient (born1839)
- June 5–Jef Lambeaux,Belgian sculptor (born1852)
- June 9–Drusilla Wilson,American temperance leader and Quaker pastor (born1815)
- June 14–Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby,Governor-General of Canada, founder of the Stanley Cup (born1841)
- June 20
- Federico Chueca,Spanish composer (born1846)
- Eleanor Kirk,American publisher (born1831)
- June 21–Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov,Russian composer (born1844)
- June 24–Grover Cleveland,22nd and 24thPresident of the United States(born1837)
July–September
[edit]
- July 3–Joel Chandler Harris,American author (born1848)
- July 5–Jonas Lie,Norwegian writer (born1833)
- July 6–Felipe Calderón y Roca,Filipino politician (born1868)
- July 12–William D. Coleman,13thPresident of Liberia(born1842)[55]
- July 19–Ignacio de Veintemilla,11thPresident of Ecuador(born1828)
- July 20–Demetrius Vikelas,1stPresident of the International Olympic Committee(born1835)
- July 22–Sir Randal Cremer,English politician and pacifist, Nobel Prize laureate (born1828)
- July 24–Sigismondo Savona,Maltese educator and politician (born1835)[56]
- August 4–Radoje Domanović,Serbian writer (born1873)
- August 7–Antonio Starabba, Marchese di Rudinì,12thPrime Minister of Italy(born1839)
- August 24–Éleuthère Mascart,French physicist (born1837)
- August 25–Henri Becquerel,French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born1852)
- August 26–Tony Pastor,American theater impresario (born1837)
- August 31–Leslie Green,British architect (born1875)
- September 17–Thomas Selfridge,United States Army officer, first person killed in an airplane crash (born1882)
- September 20–Pablo de Sarasate,Spanish violinist, composer (born1844)
- September 21
- Ernest Fenollosa,Spanish-born American art historian and philosopher (died 1908)
- Sir Arnold Kemball,British army officer and diplomat (born1820)
- Nicolás Salmerón y Alonso,3rdPresident of Spain(born1838)
- September 25–Frank Robison,American baseball executive, early owner of theSt. Louis Cardinals(born1852)
- September 29–Machado de Assis,Brazilian author (born1839)
October–December
[edit]- October 11–Rita Cetina Gutiérrez,Mexican educator, poet and activist (born1846)
- October 16–John Berthier,FrenchRoman Catholicpriest, missionary and servant of God (born1840)
- October 18–Nozu Michitsura,Japanese general (born1840)
- October 26–Enomoto Takeaki,Japanesesamurai,admiral (born1836)
- October 30–Caroline Schermerhorn Astor,American socialite (born1830)
- October–Gus Rogers,American vaudevillian (born 1869)
- November 1–Mary F. Eastman,American educator, lecturer, writer and suffragist (born1833)
- November 4
- Richard Gerstl,Austrian artist (born1883)
- Tomás Estrada Palma,1stPresident of Cuba(born1832)
- November 7
- Butch Cassidy,American outlaw (born1866)
- Sundance Kid,American outlaw (born1867)
- November 8
- Josephine E. Keating,American literary critic and musician (born1838)
- Victorien Sardou,French dramatist (born1831)
- November 14– EmperorGuangxuof China (born1871)
- November 15–Empress Dowager Cixiof China (born1835)[57]
- November 17–Lydia Thompson,English dancer, actress (born1838)
- November 22–Paul Taffanel,French flautist, composer (born1844)
- December 13–Augustus Le Plongeon,American archaeologist (born1825)
- December 22–Jacob Parrott,the first person to receive the AmericanMedal of Honor,one of six presented on March 25, 1863, to the heroes of theGreat Locomotive Chaseduring the American Civil War (born1843)
Date unknown
[edit]- Jacob W. Davis,Latvian American tailor, inventor of jeans (born1831)
Nobel Prizes
[edit]
- Physics–Gabriel Lippmann
- Chemistry–Ernest Rutherford
- Medicine–Élie Metchnikoff,Paul Ehrlich
- Literature–Rudolf Christoph Eucken
- Peace–Klas Pontus Arnoldson,Fredrik Bajer
References
[edit]- ^Stephenson, F. R.; Morrison, L. V.; Whitrow, G. J. (1984)."Long-Term Changes in the Rotation of the Earth: 700 B.C. to A.D. 1980"(PDF).Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A.313(1524): 47–70.Bibcode:1984RSPTA.313...47S.doi:10.1098/rsta.1984.0082.ISSN0080-4614.S2CID120566848.Archivedfrom the original on January 5, 2016.RetrievedMay 24,2012.
- ^"The Founding of Panathinaikos".Panathinaikos.Archivedfrom the original on January 3, 2021.RetrievedApril 29,2019.
- ^Jenkins, Roy(1986). "An Assured Succession 1908".Asquith(Third ed.). London: Collins. pp. 179–180.ISBN0002177129.
- ^"Ballarat Genealogy:Newspaper Report of the accident ".ballaratgenealogy.org.au. Archived fromthe originalon February 11, 2012.
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Further reading
[edit]- The Annual Register for 1908,British and world eventsonline
- Gilbert, Martin.A History of the Twentieth Century: Volume 1 1900–1933(1997); global coverage of politics, diplomacy and warfare; pp 105 – 22.
