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The Baltimore Sun
Light for All
The March 27, 2024 front page
ofThe Baltimore Sun
TypeDaily newspaper
FormatBroadsheet
Owner(s)JTF Publications LLC (David D. SmithandArmstrong Williams)
PublisherTrif Alatzas[1]
EditorTrif Alatzas
FoundedMay 17, 1837;187 years ago(1837-05-17)
Headquarters200 St. Paul Place,Baltimore,Maryland, U.S.
CityBaltimore,Maryland,U.S.
CountryUnited States
Circulation43,000 daily
125,000 Sunday (as of 2021)[2]
ISSN1930-8965
OCLCnumber244481759
Websitewww.baltimoresunEdit this at Wikidata

The Baltimore Sunis the largest general-circulation daily newspaper based in theU.S. stateofMarylandand provides coverage of local, regional, national, and international news.[3]

Founded in 1837, the newspaper was owned byTribune Publishinguntil May 2021, when it was acquired byAlden Global Capital,which operates its media properties throughDigital First Media.[4][5][6][7][8]David D. Smith,the executive chairman ofSinclair Broadcast Group,closed a deal to buy the paper on January 15, 2024.[9]

History

[edit]

19th century

[edit]

The Sunwas founded on May 17, 1837, byArunah Shepherdson Abelland two associates,William Moseley SwainfromRhode Island,and Azariah H. Simmons fromPhiladelphia,where they had started and published thePublic Ledgerthe year before.

Abell became a journalist with theProvidence Patriotand later worked withnewspapers in New York CityandBoston.[10]

20th century

[edit]

The Abell family and descendants ownedThe Sununtil 1910, when the local Black and Garrett families invested in the paper at the suggestion of former rival owner/publisher ofThe News,Charles H. Grasty,and they, along with Grasty gained acontrolling interest;they retained the name A. S. Abell Company for the parent publishing company. That same yearThe Evening Sunwas established under reporter, editor and columnistH.L. Mencken(1880–1956).

From 1947 to 1986,The Sunwas the owner and founder of Maryland's firsttelevisionstation,WMAR-TV(channel 2), which was a longtime affiliate ofCBSuntil 1981, when it switched toNBC.The station was sold off in 1986, and is now owned by theE. W. Scripps Company,and has been anABCaffiliate since 1995. A. S. Abell also owned several radio stations, but not in Baltimore itself (holdingconstruction permitsfor WMAR sister AM/FM stations, but never bringing them to air).

The newspaper opened its first foreign bureau inLondonin 1924. Between 1955 and 1961, it added four new foreign offices.

AsCold Wartensions grew, it set up shop inBonn,West Germany,in February 1955; the bureau was later moved toBerlin.Eleven months later,The Sunwas one of the first U.S. newspapers to open a bureau inMoscow.ARomeoffice followed in July 1957, and aNew Delhibureau was opened four years later, in 1961.[11]At its height,The Sunran eight foreign bureaus, giving rise to its boast in a 1983 advertisement that "The Sun never sets on the world."[12]

The paper was sold byReg Murphyin 1986 to theTimes-Mirror Companyof theLos Angeles Times.[13]

The same week, a 115-year-old rivalry ended when the oldest newspaper in the city, theNews American,aHearstpaper since the 1920s with roots dating back to 1773, folded.[14]A decade later in 1997,The Sunacquired thePatuxent Publishing Company,a local suburban newspaper publisher that had a stable of 15 weekly papers and a few magazines in several communities and counties.[15]

In the 1990s and 2000s,The Sunbegan cutting back its foreign coverage. In 1995 and 1996, the paper closed itsTokyo,Mexico CityandBerlinbureaus. Two more—BeijingandLondon—fell victim to cost-cutting in 2005.[12]The final three foreign bureaus—Moscow, Jerusalem, and Johannesburg, South Africa—fell a couple of years later.[16]All were closed by 2008, as the Tribune Co. streamlined and downsized the newspaper chain's foreign reporting. Some material fromThe Sun's foreign correspondents is archived at theUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore County.[17]

21st century

[edit]

In the 21st century,The Sun,like most legacy newspapers in the United States, has suffered a number of setbacks in the competition with Internet and other sources, including a decline in readership and ads, a shrinking newsroom staff,[18]and competition from 2005-2007 with the free dailyThe Baltimore Examiner,along with a similarWashington, D.C.-based publication of a small chain recently started by new owners that took over theSan Francisco Examiner.[19]In 2000, the Times-Mirror company was purchased by theTribune Companyof Chicago. In 2014, it transferred its newspapers, includingThe Sun,toTribune Publishing.

TheSunintroduced a new layout design in September 2005, and again in August 2008.[20]By 2010 daily circulation as of 2010had fallen to 195,561 and 343,552 for the Sunday edition. On April 29, 2009, the Tribune Company announced the lay off of 61 of the 205 staff members in theSunnewsroom.[21]On September 23, 2011, it was reported[22]that theBaltimore Sunwould be moving its web edition behind apaywallstarting October 10, 2011.

The Baltimore Sunis the flagship of the Baltimore Sun Media Group, which also produces thebfree daily newspaper and more than 30 other Baltimore metropolitan-area community newspapers, magazines and Web sites. BSMG content reaches more than one million Baltimore-area readers each week and is the region's most widely read source of news.[23]

On February 20, 2014, The Baltimore Sun Media Group announced that they would buy the alternative weeklyCity Paper.[24]In April, the Sun acquired the Maryland publications ofLandmark Media Enterprises.[25]

In February 2021, as part of the planned merger between Tribune Publishing andAlden Global Capital,Tribune announced that Alden had reached a non-binding agreement to sell The Sun to the Sunlight For All Institute, a nonprofit backed by businessman and philanthropistStewart W. Bainum Jr.The deal was contingent on approval by Tribune shareholders of the merger deal.[26]It fell apart in talks over operating agreements with Tribune for functions including human resources and customer service.[27]Bainum then led a failed bid to acquire all of Tribune Publishing.[28]Bainum subsequently foundedThe Baltimore Banner,pledging $50 million to the nonprofit outlet.

In February 2022, the editorial board ofThe Sunpublished a lengthy apology for its racism over its 185–year history, including specific offenses such as accepting classified ads for selling enslaved people and publishing editorials that promoted racial segregation and disenfranchisement of Black voters.[29][30][31]

In January 2024,David D. Smith,executive chairman of Sinclair Broadcast Group, reached an agreement to acquire the paper, with conservative commentatorArmstrong Williamsholding an undisclosed stake. Though the transaction is independent of Sinclair, Smith said he foresees partnerships between the paper and Sinclair properties like itsflagship station,FoxaffiliateWBFF-TV(channel 45). Smith said he believed he could grow subscriptions and advertising through a greater focus on community news and integrating technology in ways other print media publishers are not going.[9]In his first visit to the newsroom, he sparred with reporters and said the paper should emulate WBFF's news philosophy, including through non-scientific reader polls and aggressive coverage ofBaltimore City Public Schools.He dismissed newsroom concerns about the future of public service journalism.[32][33]

Since Smith's acquisition ofThe Sun,the paper has become more conservative, and has published more stories on Baltimore mayorBrandon Scottand his administration, as well as crime in Baltimore.[34]Williams said the paper's editorial page would cease endorsing political candidates and start including more conservative viewpoints, but not at the expense of liberal ones. He said at the time that the newspaper may run his syndicated column "on its merits."[35]The paper's opinion page now regularly publishes Wiliiams' columns and video commentaries.[36]In June 2024,The Sunbegan republishing content from channel 45's website, provoking protests from staffers and the Baltimore Sun Guild, which released a statement expressing concern with the lack at the paper and criticizing language used in the station's articles and Williams' editorial articles, particularly toward immigrants andtransgender people.[37][38]

In June 2024, longtime managing editor Sam Davis announced he would retire at the end of the month. Opinion editor Tricia Bishop, who has worked for the newspaper since 1999, will succeed him. Smith will stay on for a few months as a consultant for The Sun's owners.[39]

On June 10, 2024, the Baltimore Sun Guild raised concern with what it said were ethical breaches committed by management since the takeover, including the use of channel 45's content and Williams columns that did not meet Sun editorial standards. This included language used to describe immigrants and transgender people. The guild demanded the Sun stop republishing WBFF-TV content and asked management to meet with staff to discuss their concerns. Williams said in a statement he respected the guild's opinion but hoped the union "reciprocally appreciates legitimate managerial prerogatives in the journalistic enterprise."[40]In a subsequent Sun column, Williams wrote the guild and the Associated Press had no inherent authority to prescribe the way in which language is used.[41]

Editions

[edit]

From 1910 to 1995 there were two distinct newspapers,The Sun,which was published in the morning, andThe Evening Sun,which was published in the afternoon. Each newspaper maintained separate reporting and editorial staff.

The Evening Sunwas first published in 1910 under the leadership ofCharles H. Grasty,former owner of theEvening News,and a firm believer in the evening circulation. For most of its existence,The Evening Sunled its morning sibling in circulation. In 1959, the afternoon edition's circulation was 220,174, compared to 196,675 for the morning edition.[42]However, by the 1980s, cultural, technological and economic shifts in America were eating away at afternoon newspapers' market share, with readers flocking to either morning papers or switching to nightly television news broadcasts.[43]In 1992, the afternoon paper's circulation was 133,800.[44]By mid-1995,The Evening Sun's readership—86,360—had been eclipsed byThe Sun—264,583.[42]The Evening Sunceased publication on September 15, 1995.

Daily

[edit]

After a period of roughly a year during which the paper's owners sometimes printed a two-section product,The Baltimore Sunnow has three sections every weekday: News, Sports and alternating various business and features sections. On some days, comics and such features as the horoscope and TV listings are printed in the back of the Sports section.

After dropping the standalone business section in 2009,The Sunbrought back a business section on Tuesdays and Sundays in 2010, with business pages occupying part of the news section on other days.[45]Features sections debuting in 2010 included a Saturday "Home" section, a Thursday "Style" section and a Monday section called "Sunrise." The sports article written byPeter Schmuckis published only on weekdays.

Sunday

[edit]

TheSunday Sunfor many years was noted for a locally producedrotogravureMaryland pictorial magazine section, featuring works by such acclaimed photographers asA. Aubrey Bodine.TheSunday Sundropped the SundaySun Magazinein 1996 and now only carriesParademagazine weekly. A quarterly version of theSun Magazine[46]was resurrected in September 2010, with stories that included a comparison of young local doctors, an interview with actress Julie Bowen and a feature on the homes of a former Baltimore anchorwoman. Newsroom managers plan to add online content on a more frequent basis.

baltimoresun

[edit]

The company introduced its website in September 1996. A redesign of the site was unveiled in June 2009, capping a six-month period of record online traffic. Each month from January through June, an average of 3.5 million unique visitors combined to view 36.6 million Web pages.Sunreporters and editors produce more than three dozen blogs on such subjects as technology, weather, education, politics, Baltimore crime, real estate, gardening, pets and parenting. Among the most popular are Dining@Large, which covers local restaurants; The Schmuck Stops Here, a Baltimore-centric sports blog written by Peter Schmuck; Z on TV, by media criticDavid Zurawik;and Midnight Sun, a nightlife blog. ABaltimore SuniPhone app was released September 14, 2010.

b

[edit]

In 2008, the Baltimore Sun Media Group launched the daily paperbto target younger and more casual readers, ages 18 to 35. It was intabloidformat, with large graphics, creative design, and humor in focusing on entertainment, news, and sports. Its companion website was bthesite.[47]The paper transitioned from daily to weekly publication in 2011.

bceased publication entirely in August 2015, more than a year after the Baltimore Sun Media Group acquiredCity Paper.[48]

Contributors

[edit]

The Baltimore Sunhas won 16Pulitzer Prizes.It also has been home to many notable journalists, reporters and essayists, includingH.L. Mencken,who had a forty-plus-year association with the paper.

Other notable journalists, editors, photographers and cartoonists on the staff ofThe Baltimore Suninclude:[49]

Facilities

[edit]
The Baltimore Sun'sheadquarters, from 1950 to 1988, on NorthCalvert Street
The newspaper's headquarters, between 1988 and 2022, at "Sun Park" inPort Covington

The first issue ofThe Sun,a four-page tabloid, was printed at 21Light Streetin downtownBaltimorein the mid-1830s.

In 1851, the newspaper moved to a five-story structure at the corner of Baltimore and South streets. In 1904, in theGreat Baltimore Fire,the structure, known as the "Iron Building", was destroyed.

In 1885,The Sunconstructed abuilding for its Washington, D.C. bureauat 1317 F Street, NW, inWashington, D.C.[50]The building is on theNational Register.

In 1906, operations were moved toCharlesandBaltimorestreets, whereThe Sunwas written, published, and distributed for nearly 50 years. In 1950, operations were moved to a larger, modern plant atCalvertandCentrestreets. In 1979, ground was broken for a new addition to the Calvert Street plant to house modern pressroom facilities. This facility commenced operations in 1981.

In April 1988, at a cost of $180 million, the company purchased 60 acres (24 ha) of land atPort Covingtonand built "Sun Park". The new building houses a satellite printing and packaging facility, and also is the newspaper's headquarters for its distribution operations.[51]The Sun's printing facility at Sun Park has highly sophisticated computerized presses and automated insertion equipment in the packaging area. To keep pace with the speed of the presses and automated guided vehicles, intelligent electronic forklifts deliver the newsprint to the presses.

On January 30, 2022,The Baltimore Sunnewspaper was printed for the last time at its Sun Park facility.[52]It was reported thatThe Sun'sprinting operations would be moved to a printing facility inWilmington, Delaware.[53]

In December 2022, the Sun announced an agreement to move its offices to 200 St. Paul Place in downtown Baltimore, abandoning Sun Park altogether.[54]

Controversies

[edit]
  • The paper became embroiled in a controversy involving the formergovernor of Maryland,Robert L. Ehrlich Jr.(R). Ehrlich had issued an executive order on November 18, 2004, banning state executive branch employees from talking toSuncolumnistMichael Oleskerand reporter David Nitkin, claiming that their coverage had been unfair to the administration. This ledThe Sunto file aFirst Amendmentlawsuit against the Ehrlich administration. The case was dismissed by aU.S. District Courtjudge, andThe Sunappealed to the4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals,which upheld the dismissal.[55]
  • Olesker was later forced to resign on January 4, 2006, in a separate incident in which he was accused ofplagiarism.TheBaltimore City Paperreported that several of his columns contained sentences or paragraphs that were extremely similar (although not identical) to material previously published inThe Washington Post,The New York Times,andThe Sun.[56]Several of his colleagues were highly critical of the forced resignation, taking the view that the use of previously publishedboilerplatematerial was commonnewsroompractice, and that Olesker's alleged plagiarism was in line with that practice.[57]
  • Between 2006 and 2007,Thomas Andrews Drake,a formerNational Security Agencyexecutive, allegedly leaked classified information to Siobhan Gorman, then a national security reporter forThe Sun.Drake was charged in April 2010 with 10 felony counts in relation to the leaks.[58]In June 2011, all 10 original charges were dropped, in what was widely viewed as an acknowledgement that the government had no valid case against the whistleblower, who eventually pleaded to one misdemeanor count for exceeding authorized use of a computer. Drake was the 2011 recipient of theRidenhour Prize for Truth-Telling.[59]
  • In 2018, in response to the European cookie law, the parent company ofThe Sundid not enable permission-requesting software, and many European visitors (and those from some non-European countries) were forced to visit the site via proxies, potentially muddling the website's analytics.[60][61][62]

Portrayal inThe Wire

[edit]

The Baltimore Sunwas featured in the American crime drama television seriesThe Wirein 2008 (season 5), which was created by formerSunreporterDavid Simon.[63]

Like all of the institutions featured inThe Wire,theSunis portrayed as having many deeply dysfunctional qualities while also having very dedicated people on its staff. The season focuses on the role of the media in affecting political decisions inCity Halland the priorities of theBaltimore Police Department.Additionally, the show explores the business pressures of modern media through layoffs and buyouts occurring at theSun,on the orders of theTribune Company,theSun's corporate owner.

One storyline involves a troubledSunreporter namedScott Templeton,and his escalating tendency to sensationalize and falsify stories.The Wireportrays the managing editors of theSunas turning a blind eye to the protests of a concerned line editor, in the managing editors' zeal to win aPulitzer Prize.The show insinuates that the motivation for this institutional dysfunction is the business pressures of modern media, and working for a flagship newspaper in a major media market likeThe New York TimesorThe Washington Postis seen as the only way to avoid the cutbacks occurring at theSun.

Season 5wasThe Wire's last. The finale episode, "-30-",features a montage at the end portraying the ultimate fate of the major characters. It shows Templeton atColumbia Universitywith the senior editors of the fictionalSun,accepting the Pulitzer Prize, with no mention being made as to the aftermath of Templeton's career. Alma Gutierrez is shown being exiled to the Carroll County bureau past the suburbs.

News partnership

[edit]

In September 2008,The Baltimore Sunbecame the newspaper partner of stationWJZ-TV,owned and operated byCBS;the partnership involves sharing content and story leads, and teaming up on stories. WJZ promotesBaltimore Sunstories in its news broadcasts.The Sunpromotes WJZ's stories and weather team on its pages.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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Further reading

[edit]
  • Hill, Frederic B.; Broening, Stephens, eds. (July 25, 2016).The Life of Kings: The Baltimore Sun and the Golden Age of the American Newspaper.Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.ISBN978-1-4422-6256-0.
  • Gerald W. Johnson; H. L. Mencken, eds. (1937).The Sunpapers of Baltimore(1st ed.). New York: Knopf.LCCN37009111.
  • Merrill, John C. and Harold A. Fisher.The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers(1980) pp 73–80
[edit]

Media related toThe Baltimore Sunat Wikimedia Commons

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