Black Monday

For other uses, seeBlack Monday (disambiguation).

Black Mondayrefers to specific Mondays when undesirable or turbulent events have occurred. It has been used to designate massacres, military battles, and stock market crashes.

Historic events

• 1209,Dublin– when a group of 500 recently arrived settlers from Bristol were massacred by warriors of theGaelicO'Byrne clan. The group had left the safety of the walled city of Dublin to celebrate Easter Monday near a wood atRanelagh,when they were attacked without warning. Although now a relatively obscure event in history, it was commemorated by a mustering of theMayor,Sheriffsand soldiers on the day as a challenge to the native tribes for centuries afterwards.
• 13 April 1360 –Black Monday (1360),when inclement weather killed men and horses in the army ofEdward IIIduring theHundred Years' War.
• 8 April 1652(New Style, i.e. in the Gregorian calendar, or 29 March, Old Style, in the Julian calendar) – A total solar eclipse.
• 24 February 1689 – During theWilliamite War in Irelandthe Protestant inhabitants ofBandonrose up against theIrish Armygarrison of the town in an incident known as Black Monday. Bandon wasquickly recapturedbyJustin MacCarthy.
• 10 December 1894, also known as theNewfoundland Bank Crash of 1894,the Union Bank of Newfoundland and the Commercial Bank of Newfoundland closed.
• 27 May 1935 – The US Supreme Courtruled unanimouslyagainst PresidentFranklin D. Rooseveltin three cases challenging the constitutionality of theNew Deal,which was a factor leading to Roosevelt's attempt in 1937 topack the Supreme Court.
• 17 May 1954,Washington, D.C.– Following the Supreme Court's decision inBrown v. Board of Education,U.S. RepresentativeJohn Bell Williams(D-Mississippi) coined the term “Black Monday” on the floor of Congress to denote Monday, 17 May 1954, the date of the Supreme Court's decision. In opposition to the decision,white citizens' councilsformally organized throughout the south to preserve segregation and defend segregated schools.
• 19 September 1977,Youngstown, Ohio,U.S. –Youngstown Sheet and Tubecloses its doors and furloughs 5000 workers, devastating the Youngstown economy: SeeEconomy of Youngstown, Ohio § Black Monday
• 8 October 1990 –1990 Temple Mount riotsinJerusalem.
• August 2003 - During theEurope heat waveof 2003, 3000 died in a single night inParisdue to the excessive heat.
• 20 July 2009,Berlin– Only 330 of the 1,260 of theBerlin S-Bahn's train cars were deemed good for operation, resulting in significant service reductions.Earlier in the month 380 (30.2%) train cars were removed, making the total removed on 20 July was at 550 (43.7%).
• 3 October 2016 –Strikes and demonstrationsby women inPolandprotesting against proposed legislation for a total ban on abortion.
• 9 May 2022 - During2022 Sri Lankan protestsarmed loyalists ofMahinda Rajapaksaled bySri Lanka Podujana Peramunapoliticians launched a violent attack against unarmed peaceful protestors that were occupying Temple Trees and Galle Face.

Stock market losses

• 28 October 1929 – Stock markets in the United States began to crash as part of theWall Street Crash of 1929.
• 19 October 1987 –Black Monday (1987)Stock markets around the world crashed, shedding a huge value in a very short time.
• 29 September 2008 –Great Recession.Following the bursting of theReal estate bubbleand theFinancial crisis of 2007–08,stock markets worldwide crashed, leading to theGreat Recession.
• 8 August 2011 -Black Monday (2011):A stock market crash from a credit rate downgrade of the United States' debt.
• 24 August 2015 –2015 Chinese stock market crash.TheSSE Composite Indexdeclined by 8.45%.
• 16 September 2019 – TheFederal Reservebegins intervening in therepo marketfive months before the start of the2020 stock market crashafter the overnight lending rate spiked above 8%.
• 9 March 2020 - Part of the2020 stock market crash,the worst day for stock market losses since theGreat Recession,fueled by investor panic over theCOVID-19 pandemicand theoil pricewar between Russia and Saudi Arabia.
• 16 March 2020 - Larger declines than the previous week's fall during the2020 stock market crash.

Recurring events

• The day following the final Sunday of theNational Football Leagueregular season (Week 18) on which numerous coaches and general managers of underperforming teams are fired, their contracts are allowed to expire without renewal, or they resign their positions.First use of the phrase was attributed by a pair of writers inThe New York Timesto a 1998Associated Pressstory, "Black Monday for NFL Coaches".The term is also sometimes used in reference to the day following the annualNFL Draftwhere players' contracts may be terminated once new players are added to a roster.
• Anold schoolchildren'sname for the first Monday of the new year, whenwinter recessends and school resumes.

See also

• Bloody Monday (disambiguation)

External links

• Quotations related toBlack Mondayat Wikiquote