Botso Jaqeli
Botso Jaqeli(Georgian:ბოცო ჯაყელი;fl. 1184–1191) was aGeorgiannobleman of theJaqelifamily, the first to have the rank oferistavi( "duke" ) ofSamtskhe.He lost his positions for having joined an aristocratic revolt against QueenTamar of Georgia.
Botso's parentage is not known. His father could have been either Murvan Jaqeli[1]of an inscription from the Agara monastery, nearAkhaltsikhe,or Memna, mentioned byStepanos Orbelianas a participant of the 1178 revolt againstGeorge III of Georgia.[2]Botso Jaqeli's namesake and possible grandfather is recorded aseristavt-eristavi( "duke of dukes" ) in a Georgian stone inscription from theAli monastery,now in Turkey, andmarzpan( "margrave" ) in a note attached to the 12th-centuryGelati Gospelsmanuscript.[3]According to the historianCyril Toumanoff,Botso's successor as duke of Samtskhe,Ivane-Qvarqvare Jaqeli,was his brother.[1]Botso's possible sister,[1][4]Kravay, was married to the nobleman Samdzivari and was responsible for negotiating the surrender ofQutlu Arslan's rebellious party to Queen Tamar.[4]
Botso Jaqeli appears aseristavi( "duke" ) andspasalar( "constable" ) of Samtskhe, an important frontier region in southwest Georgia, in the reign of Queen RegnantTamar.Around 1187, Botso, together withGuzan,duke ofTao,repelled an attack fromSaltukidErzurumandShaminto the provinces ofShavshetiandKlarjeti.[5]Around 1191, Botso joined the likes asVardan Dadianiand Guzan of Tao in a failed coup in favor of Tamar's disgraced husband,George the Rus'.[6]Botso's subsequent fate is not clear;[7]he seems to have been deprived by Tamar of his patrimonial castle of Jaqi as well as of his possession and command of Samtskhe for these dignities then appear as belonging to Ivane-Qvarqvare Jaqeli, Botso's kinsman[6]and, according to Toumanoff, his possible brother.[1]
Botso's sons and descendants were known as Botsosdze. His elder son, Memna, also known as Ivane, was killed, being in charge of the defense ofTbilisiagainst theKhwarazmianarmy in 1226. A younger son, Botso (died c. 1283), also took part in this battle, commanding the last stand atIsani.[8]This Botso was married to Vaneni, daughter of Ivane Abuserisdze, duke ofAdjara,and sister of the scholarTbeli Abuserisdze.[1]The Botsosdze are last heard of with Shalva in the 1260s. By 1516, their estates in Samtskhe appear in possession of the Oladashvili family.[9]
Notes
[edit]- ^abcdeToumanoff 1990,p. 214.
- ^Bakhtadze 2010,pp. 9, 66.
- ^Bakhtadze 2010,pp. 3, 9, 66.
- ^abBakhtadze 2010,p. 11.
- ^Bakhtadze 2010,pp. 10–11.
- ^abBakhtadze 2010,p. 12.
- ^Peacock 2012,p. 50.
- ^Bakhtadze 2010,pp. 14–17.
- ^Bakhtadze 2010,p. 17.
References
[edit]- Bakhtadze, Mikheil (2010).Austrian History Yearbook 1966ჯაყელთა საგვარეულოს ისტორია XI-XV საუკუნეებში[History of the Jaqeli family from the 11th to the 15th century] (in Georgian). Tbilisi: Artanuji.ISBN9789994055456.
- Peacock, Andrew (2012). "Between Georgia and the Islamic world: the atabegs of Samc'xe and the Turks". In Beyazit, Deniz (ed.).At the Crossroads of Empires: 14th-15th century Eastern Anatolia.Varia Anatolica. Vol. 25. Paris and Istanbul: Institut français d'études anatoliennes. pp. 49–70.ISBN978-2-36245-002-0.
- Toumanoff, Cyrille(1990).Les dynasties de la Caucasie Chrétienne: de l'Antiquité jusqu'au XIXe siècle: tables généalogiques et chronologique[Dynasties of Christian Caucasia from Antiquity to the 19th century: genealogical and chronological tables] (in French). Rome.
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