Briceni
Briceni | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Briceni City Hall | |
 Flag  Seal | |
  Briceni Location within Moldova | |
| Coordinates:48°21′40″N27°05′02″E/ 48.36111°N 27.08389°E | |
| Country | Moldova |
| district | Briceni District |
| Area | |
| • Total | 10 km2(4 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 39 m (128 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 7,314 |
| • Density | 730/km2(1,900/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2(EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3(EEST) |
| Climate | Dfb |
Briceni(Romanian pronunciation:[briˈt͡ʃenʲ]) is a city in northernMoldova.It is the seat ofBriceni District.
Demographics
[edit]At the 2004 census, the city had a population of 8,765. At the 1930 census, there were two localities:Briceni Târg(literallyBriceni Fair), andBriceni Sat(literallyBriceni village), and at the time they were part ofPlasa BriceniofHotin County.
| Ethnic composition | ||||
| Ethnic group | 1930 census | 2004 census | 2014 census | |
| Briceni Târg | Briceni Sat | |||
| Moldovans | - | - | 3,344 | 3,165 |
| Romanians | 57 | 153 | 67 | 254 |
| Jews | 5,354 | 63 | 52 | N/A |
| RutheniansandUkrainians | 144 | 2,773 | 4,271 | 2,719 |
| Russians | 52 | 98 | 737 | 551 |
| Gypsies | – | – | 185 | 106 |
| Bulgarians | 1 | – | 26 | 15 |
| Gagauzians | – | – | 14 | 14 |
| Poles | 10 | 64 | 3 | 62 |
| Germans | 2 | 8 | 66 | |
| Greeks | 5 | – | ||
| Hungarians | – | 1 | ||
| others | – | – | ||
| Total | 5,625 | 3,160 | 8,765 | 7,314 |
| Native language | |||
| Language | 1930 census | 2004 census | |
| Briceni Târg | Briceni Sat | ||
| Romanian | 64 | 123 | N/A |
| Yiddish | 5,348 | 63 | N/A |
| Ukrainian | 123 | 2,790 | N/A |
| Russian | 83 | 162 | N/A |
| Polish | – | 16 | N/A |
| German | 6 | 6 | N/A |
| Bulgarian | 1 | – | N/A |
| others | – | – | N/A |
| Total | 5,625 | 3,160 | 8,765 |
Etymology
[edit]The town has been also called: Berchan, Bricheni, Bricheni Târg, Bricheni Sat, Britchan, Britchani, Britsiteni.
A village,approximately 50 kilometres (30 mi) to the east to the city, is also known as Briceni. It is at 48° 22´ north latitude and 27° 42´ east longitude, which puts that town 174 km (108 mi) north northwest of Chişinău.
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Briceni (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) |
1.8 (35.2) |
7.7 (45.9) |
15.5 (59.9) |
21.3 (70.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
26.6 (79.9) |
26.3 (79.3) |
20.6 (69.1) |
13.8 (56.8) |
6.6 (43.9) |
1.0 (33.8) |
13.8 (56.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.1 (26.4) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
3.1 (37.6) |
9.9 (49.8) |
15.4 (59.7) |
18.9 (66.0) |
20.7 (69.3) |
20.2 (68.4) |
14.9 (58.8) |
9.1 (48.4) |
3.4 (38.1) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
9.1 (48.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.7 (21.7) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
4.9 (40.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
13.7 (56.7) |
15.4 (59.7) |
14.7 (58.5) |
10.1 (50.2) |
5.3 (41.5) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
5.0 (41.0) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 29 (1.1) |
33 (1.3) |
32 (1.3) |
44 (1.7) |
68 (2.7) |
87 (3.4) |
95 (3.7) |
55 (2.2) |
57 (2.2) |
44 (1.7) |
41 (1.6) |
33 (1.3) |
618 (24.3) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 88 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 63 | 87 | 144 | 204 | 270 | 287 | 301 | 286 | 202 | 140 | 67 | 58 | 2,103 |
| Source:NOAA[2] | |||||||||||||
Jewish community
[edit]
| 1817 | The town (then a fair) had 137 Jewish families. Another 47 had previously left when the village was partly destroyed by fire. |
| 1847 | Jewish school opened. |
| 1850 | Briceni had one of the largest Jewish communities inBessarabia. |
| 1885 | Jewish hospital founded. |
| 1897 | There were 7,184 Jews in Bricheni (96.5% of the total population) |
| 1898 | The town had 7,303 Jews out of a total population of 8,094. There were 972 Jewish artisans, most of whom were furriers who produced and exported up to 25,000 fur overcoats and caps per year. 25 families were dedicated to gardening and to producing tobacco. About 700 Jews were day laborers, earning 10–30kopeckper day. |
| 1924 | 125 Jews were occupied in agriculture on 64 km2(approx. 1,600 acres) of land, most of it (5 km2) held on lease.[dubious–discuss][citation needed] |
| 1930 | 5354 Jews (95.2% of the total population). There was aHebrewTarbutschool. |
| 1940 | Jewish population grew to about 10,000.[dubious–discuss][citation needed] |
| June, 1940 | Briceni, along with the rest of Bessarabia wasoccupiedby theUSSR.Most Jewish property and community buildings were confiscated. The only synagogue was saved because theSovietsdecided to use it as agranary.About 80 Jews, mostly community leaders, were exiled toSiberia. |
| July 8, 1941 | German&Romaniantroops passed through the town, murdering many Jews. Jews from the neighboring towns ofLipcani(thenLipcani Târg) andSokyriany(thenSecureni Târg) were brought to Briceni. |
| July 28, 1941 | All Jews were dispatched across the riverDniester(outside Bessarabia) and several were shot en route. When they arrived inMohyliv-Podilskyi,the Germans "selected" the old people and forced the younger ones to dig graves for them. From Mohyliv-Podilskyi the rest were turned back toOtaciand then on to Secureni-Târg. Hundreds died en route. For a month they stayed in theghettothere, only to be deported again toTransnistriain late 1941. All the young Jews were murdered in a forest nearSoroca. |
| After 1945 | Only about 1,000 Jews returned to Briceni at the end of the World War II. |
TheJewish cemetery of Bricenicontains some 3,250 remaining tombstones though it is heavily overgrown and many are illegible. It is located in the eastern vicinities of the town, left of the road R11 leading to Ocnița.
History
[edit]On 5 December 2022, duringa Russian bombing campaign against Ukraineduring the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine,a missile fell within the borders of Moldova into an orchard near Briceni.[3]On 16 February 2023, another missile fell into the village ofLarga.[4]As a result of this incident, residents of Briceni expressed fear.[5]
Media
[edit]- Radio Chișinău102,6 FM
International relations
[edit]Twin Towns – Sister Cities
[edit]Briceni istwinnedwith:
Rădăuți,Romania
References
[edit]- ^Results of Population and Housing Census in the Republic of Moldova in 2014:"Characteristics - Population (population by communes, religion, citizenship)"(XLS).National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova.2017.Retrieved1 May2017.
- ^"Briceni Climate Normals 1991–2020".World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020).National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived fromthe originalon 21 August 2023.Retrieved21 August2023.
- ^"MAI, cu noi detalii despre despre racheta căzută la Briceni:" La moment nu există niciun risc pentru cetățeni ""(in Romanian).Unimedia.5 December 2022.
- ^"Resturile unei rachete lansate de Rusia au căzut în Republica Moldova, la 10 kilometri de granița cu România"(in Romanian).Digi24.16 February 2023.
- ^"(video)" Ne este frică ": Locuitorii orașului Briceni, despre racheta căzută la Larga"(in Romanian). Unimedia. 16 February 2023.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toBriceni.
| Municipalities |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Capitals of autonomous units | ||
| District seats4 | ||
| Other towns | ||
1InTransnistria.2Controlled by the Transnistrian authorities.3Also a municipality.4The seat ofDubăsari Districtis the commune ofCocieri(not a city). | ||