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Bristol, Virginia

Coordinates:36°36′N82°11′W/ 36.600°N 82.183°W/36.600; -82.183
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the southwest Virginia city of Bristol. For the northern town of Bristow, seeBristow, Virginia.For other uses, seeBristol (disambiguation).

Bristol, Virginia
Independent city
State Street in downtown Bristol, Tennessee (left) and Bristol, Virginia (right)
State Street in downtown Bristol, Tennessee (left) and Bristol, Virginia (right)
Flag of Bristol, Virginia
Flag
Official seal of Bristol, Virginia
Seal
Official logo of Bristol, Virginia
Logo
Nickname:
The Birthplace of Country Music
Motto:
A Good Place to Live
Coordinates:36°36′N82°11′W/ 36.600°N 82.183°W/36.600; -82.183
CountryUnited States
StateVirginia
CountyIndependent city
Government
• TypeCouncil-manager
• MayorBecky Nave
• Vice MayorJake Holmes
• City ManagerRandall C. Eads
Area
[1]
• Total13.00 sq mi (33.66 km2)
• Land12.87 sq mi (33.34 km2)
• Water0.12 sq mi (0.32 km2)
Elevation
1,680 ft (512 m)
Population
(2020)
• Total17,219
• Density1,300/sq mi (510/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5(Eastern)
• Summer (DST)UTC−4(EDT)
ZIP code
24201, 24202
Area code276
FIPS code51-09816[2]
GNISfeature ID1492633[3]
Websitewww.bristolva.org

Bristolis anindependent cityin theCommonwealthofVirginia.As of the2020 census,the population was 17,219.[4]It is thetwin cityofBristol, Tennessee,just across the state line, which runs down the middle of its main street, State Street. It is surrounded on three sides byWashington County, Virginia,which is combined with the city for statistical purposes. It is a principal city in theKingsport–Bristol metropolitan area,which had a population of 307,614 in 2020.[5]The metro area is a component of the largerTri-Citiesregion of Tennessee and Virginia, with a population of 508,260 in 2020.

History[edit]

Bristol Virginia-Tennessee Slogan Sign

Evan Shelbyfirst appeared in what is now the Bristol area around 1765. In 1766, Shelby moved his family and settled at a place called Big Camp Meet (now Bristol, Tennessee/Virginia). It is said thatCherokee Indiansonce inhabited the area and the Indian village was named, according to legend, because numerous deer and buffalo met here to feast in thecanebrakes.Shelby renamed the site Sapling Grove (which would later be changed to Bristol). In 1774, Shelby erected a fort on a hill overlooking what is now downtown Bristol. It was an important stopping-off place for notables such as Daniel Boone and George Rogers Clark, as well as hundreds of pioneers' en route to the interior of the developing nation. This fort, known as Shelby's Station was actually a combination trading post, way station, and stockade.[6]

By the mid-nineteenth century, when surveyors projected a junction of two railroad lines at the Virginia-Tennessee state line, Reverend James King conveyed much of his acreage to his son-in-law, Joseph R. Anderson. Anderson laid out the original town of Bristol, Tennessee/Virginia and building began in 1853.[6]

Samuel Goodson, who owned land that adjoined the original town of Bristol TN/VA at its northern boundary (Beaver Creek was the dividing line), started a development known as Goodsonville. Anderson was unable to incorporate Bristol across the state lines of Tennessee and Virginia. In 1856, Goodsonville and the original Bristol, Virginia were merged to form the composite town of Goodson, Virginia.[6]

Incorporation for Bristol, Tennessee and Goodson, Virginia occurred in 1856. The Virginia and Tennessee Railroads reached the cities in the late summer of 1856. Due to having two different railroads companies, two depots served the cities; one in Bristol, Tenn. and the other in Goodson, Va. However, the depot located in Goodson continued to be referred to as Bristol, Virginia. In 1890, Goodson, Virginia once again took the name Bristol.[6]

The Grove,Solar Hill Historic District,andWalnut Groveare listed on theNational Register of Historic Places.[7]

Geography[edit]

State Street separatesVirginia(left) andTennessee(right).
Double yellow line on State Street, separating Virginia from Tennessee with a bronze marker embedded in pavement.

Bristol is in southwestern Virginia.[8]It is bordered to the west, north, and east byWashington County, Virginia,and to the south by the city ofBristolinSullivan County, Tennessee.

According to theUnited States Census Bureau,the city has a total area of 13.2 square miles (34.1 km2), of which 13.0 square miles (33.7 km2) is land and 0.15 square miles (0.4 km2), or 1.07%, is water.[9]Little Creek and Beaver Creek flow south through the city; Little Creek flows into Beaver Creek two blocks south of the state line in Tennessee. Beaver Creek is a tributary of theSouth Fork Holston River.

The city is served by Interstates81and381,and by U.S. Routes11,19,58,and421.I-81 leads northeast 149 miles (240 km) toRoanoke, Virginia,and southwest 113 miles (182 km) toKnoxville, Tennessee.Interstate 381 (I-381) is a spur from Interstate 81 that provides access to Bristol, Virginia, United States. It runs for 1.7 miles (2.7 kilometers) from the intersection of Commonwealth Avenue (State Route 381) and Keys/Church Streets in Bristol at exit 0 north to Interstate 81. The I-81 interchange, the only one on I-381, is signed as exits 1A (I-81 north) and 1B (I-81 south). US 11 and US 19, running parallel to I-81, lead northeast 15 miles (24 km) toAbingdon, Virginia.US 11 splits into routes11Wand11Ein Bristol; US 11W leads west-southwest 23 miles (37 km) toKingsport, Tennessee,while US 11E and US 19 lead south-southwest 25 miles (40 km) toJohnson City, Tennessee.US 58 runs with I-81 northeast for 17 miles (27 km) before splitting off to the east just beyond Abingdon; US 58 and 421 together lead west 27 miles (43 km) toWeber City, Virginia.US 421 leads southeast 33 miles (53 km) toMountain City, Tennessee.

Climate[edit]

According to theKöppen climate classification,Bristol has amarine west coast climateabbreviated as Cfb.[10]

Climate data for Bristol-Johnson City Area (1991-2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 46.5
(8.1) 		50.9
(10.5) 		59.4
(15.2) 		69.4
(20.8) 		77.1
(25.1) 		83.8
(28.8) 		86.4
(30.2) 		85.8
(29.9) 		80.7
(27.1) 		70.2
(21.2) 		58.7
(14.8) 		49.5
(9.7) 		68.2
(20.1)
Daily mean °F (°C) 36.4
(2.4) 		40.0
(4.4) 		47.4
(8.6) 		56.4
(13.6) 		64.7
(18.2) 		72.3
(22.4) 		75.6
(24.2) 		74.5
(23.6) 		68.6
(20.3) 		57.3
(14.1) 		46.4
(8.0) 		39.3
(4.1) 		56.6
(13.7)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 26.3
(−3.2) 		29.2
(−1.6) 		35.4
(1.9) 		43.3
(6.3) 		52.3
(11.3) 		60.7
(15.9) 		64.7
(18.2) 		63.2
(17.3) 		56.4
(13.6) 		44.3
(6.8) 		34.2
(1.2) 		29.2
(−1.6) 		44.9
(7.2)
Averageprecipitationinches (mm) 3.65
(93) 		3.81
(97) 		3.96
(101) 		3.79
(96) 		3.82
(97) 		3.92
(100) 		5
(130) 		3.76
(96) 		2.84
(72) 		2.52
(64) 		3.14
(80) 		3.76
(96) 		43.97
(1,122)
Source:NOAA[11]

Demographics[edit]

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18801,562—
18902,90285.8%
19004,57957.8%
19106,24736.4%
19206,7297.7%
19308,84031.4%
19409,76810.5%
195015,95463.3%
196017,1447.5%
197014,857−13.3%
198019,04228.2%
199018,426−3.2%
200017,367−5.7%
201017,8352.7%
202017,219−3.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]
1790-1960[13]1900-1990[14]
1990-2000[15]2010[16]2020[17]

2020 census[edit]

Bristol city, Virginia – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity(NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2010[16] Pop 2020[17] % 2010 % 2020
Whitealone (NH) 16,099 14,652 90.27% 85.09%
Black or African Americanalone (NH) 1,000 1,008 5.61% 5.85%
Native AmericanorAlaska Nativealone (NH) 49 55 0.27% 0.32%
Asianalone (NH) 121 159 0.68% 0.92%
Pacific Islanderalone (NH) 4 4 0.02% 0.02%
Some Other Racealone (NH) 24 36 0.13% 0.21%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial(NH) 317 850 1.78% 4.94%
Hispanic or Latino(any race) 221 455 1.24% 2.64%
Total 17,835 17,219 100.00% 100.00%

2000 census[edit]

As of thecensus[18]of 2000, there were 17,367 people, 7,678 households, and 4,798 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,346.4 inhabitants per square mile (519.8/km2). There were 8,469 housing units at an average density of 656.6 units per square mile (253.5 units/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 92.54%White,5.57%BlackorAfrican American,0.25%Native American,0.37%Asian,0.01%Pacific Islander,0.18% fromother races,and 1.08% from two or more races. 0.97% of the population wereHispanicorLatinoof any race.

There were 7,678 households, out of which 24.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.1% weremarried couplesliving together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 34.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.78.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.3% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,389, and the median income for a family was $34,266. Males had a median income of $28,420 versus $20,967 for females. Theper capita incomefor the city was $17,311. About 13.2% of families and 16.2% of the population were below thepoverty line,including 25.8% of those under age 18 and 12.4% of those age 65 or over.

Economy[edit]

Top employers[edit]

According to Bristol's 2011 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[19]the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 City of Bristol 676
2 Electro-Mechanical Corporation 600
3 OfficeMax 500
4 Sprint PCS 428
5 US Solutions 367
6 Strongwell 350
7 Commonwealth of Virginia 250
8 Shearer's Foods 225
9 Ball 218
10 Aerus 201
11 United Parcel Service 193

Culture[edit]

"Birthplace of Country Music"[edit]

2021 Bristol Rhythm & Roots Reunion festival

Bristol was recognized as the "Birthplace of Country Music", according to a resolution passed by the US Congress in 1998;[20]residents of the city had contributed to earlycountry musicrecordings and influence, and theBirthplace of Country Music Museumis located in Bristol.

In 1927 record producerRalph Peerof Victor Records began recording local musicians in Bristol to attempt to capture the local sound of traditional "folk" music of the region. One of these local sounds was created by theCarter Family.The Carter Family got their start on July 31, 1927, when A.P. Carter and his family journeyed fromMaces Spring, Virginia,to Bristol, Tennessee, to audition for Peer who was seeking new talent for the relatively embryonic recording industry. They received $50 for each song they recorded.

On the early hours of January 1, 1953,Hank Williamsstopped in Bristol during some of the last moments of his life. He was being driven to a concert inCanton, Ohioby Charles Carr. Carr stopped outside a hamburger joint today named Burger Bar and asked Williams if he wanted to eat, to which Williams responded negatively.[21]

Since 1994, the Birthplace of Country Music Alliance has promoted the city as a destination to learn about the history of the region and its role in the creation of an entire music genre. The Alliance is organizing the building of a new Cultural Heritage Center to help educate the public about the history of country music in the region.[22]

Professional sports[edit]

Bristol hosted theBristol Piratesbaseball team of theAppalachian Leaguefrom 1969 to 2020. In conjunction with a contraction ofMinor League Baseballbeginning with the 2021 season, the Appalachian League was reorganized as acollegiate summer baseball league,and the Pirates were replaced by a new franchise named theBristol State Liners[23]in the revamped league designed for rising college freshman and sophomores.[24]

FormerNASCARdriverKelly Dentonis from the city.

On the Tennessee side, Bristol is home toBristol Motor Speedway,the "world's fastest half mile", which hosts two NASCAR CUP SERIES races, two races per year on the NASCARXfinity Seriesand one race per year on the GANDER RV and OUTDOORS Truck Series, and various other racing events. The complex includes theBristol Dragway,nicknamed "Thunder Valley", referencing the hills that echo the engine noise back toward the crowd.

Government[edit]

United States presidential election results for Bristol, Virginia[25]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 5,347 68.50% 2,313 29.63% 146 1.87%
2016 4,892 69.62% 1,835 26.11% 300 4.27%
2012 4,780 64.71% 2,492 33.73% 115 1.56%
2008 4,579 62.22% 2,665 36.21% 115 1.56%
2004 4,275 63.58% 2,400 35.69% 49 0.73%
2000 3,495 55.66% 2,646 42.14% 138 2.20%
1996 2,983 49.50% 2,586 42.91% 457 7.58%
1992 3,616 48.46% 2,948 39.51% 898 12.03%
1988 4,407 63.92% 2,446 35.47% 42 0.61%
1984 5,012 67.11% 2,429 32.53% 27 0.36%
1980 3,432 52.68% 2,889 44.34% 194 2.98%
1976 2,943 46.27% 3,343 52.55% 75 1.18%
1972 2,665 68.46% 1,157 29.72% 71 1.82%
1968 1,930 44.09% 1,531 34.98% 916 20.93%
1964 1,289 34.62% 2,429 65.24% 5 0.13%
1960 1,728 52.38% 1,561 47.32% 10 0.30%
1956 1,794 51.89% 1,645 47.58% 18 0.52%
1952 1,574 52.31% 1,432 47.59% 3 0.10%
1948 879 35.70% 1,451 58.94% 132 5.36%
1944 628 28.57% 1,561 71.02% 9 0.41%
1940 423 22.22% 1,465 76.94% 16 0.84%
1936 311 18.49% 1,364 81.09% 7 0.42%
1932 307 19.39% 1,252 79.09% 24 1.52%
1928 630 40.59% 922 59.41% 0 0.00%
1924 440 29.22% 1,036 68.79% 30 1.99%
1920 344 30.34% 784 69.14% 6 0.53%
1916 184 27.18% 489 72.23% 4 0.59%
1912 86 15.19% 405 71.55% 75 13.25%
1908 187 31.22% 405 67.61% 7 1.17%
1904 133 30.02% 297 67.04% 13 2.93%
1900 281 25.99% 787 72.80% 13 1.20%
1896 384 46.55% 413 50.06% 28 3.39%
1892 235 32.82% 465 64.94% 16 2.23%

January 3, 2024 to January 3, 2025:

Government

  • Mayor: Becky Nave
  • Vice Mayor: Jake Holmes
  • Council Member: Anthony Farnum
  • Council Member: Neal Osborne
  • Council Member: Michael Pollard
  • City Manager: Randall C. Eads
  • City Attorney: Randall C. Eads
  • Clerk of Court: Kelly Duffy (I)
  • Commissioner of Revenue: Cloe Eva Barker (D)
  • Commonwealth's Attorney: Jerry Wolfe (R)
  • Sheriff: Tyrone Foster (I)
  • Treasurer: Angel Britt (R)

Past mayors[edit]

Bristol City Hall
  • James F. Rector, 1984–92, 2007-10
  • Jerry Wolfe, 1992–97, 2000–01, 2003-04
  • Farham Jarrard, 1997–00, 2006-07
  • Douglas R. Weberling, 2001–03, 2005-06
  • Paul W. Hurley, 2004-05
  • Don Ashley, 2010-11
  • Ed Harlow, 2011-12
  • Jim Steele, 2012-13
  • Guy Odum, 2013-14
  • Catherine Brillhart, 2014–15 (first female mayor)[26]
  • Archie Hubbard, III, 2015-16
  • Bill Hartley, 2016–17, 2020-21
  • Kevin Mumpower, 2017-19
  • Neal Osborne, 2019–20, 2023-24
  • Anthony Farnum, 2021-23

Police[edit]

Bristol Police Department
AbbreviationBPD
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionBristol, Virginia,United States
General nature
Operational structure
Sworn members53
Unsworn members21
Agency executive
  • John S. Austin, Chief
Website
[website]

Bristol is served by two law enforcement agencies: the city police and the city sheriff's department. Supporting the department is the city's E-911 Central Dispatch Emergency Communication Center which provides call taking and dispatch service for police, fire and EMS needs.

Education[edit]

In 2007 and 2008, Bristol was named one of the Best 100 Communities for Music Education[27][28]

The city school division,Bristol Virginia Public Schools,operatesVirginia High SchoolandVirginia Middle School,together with four elementary schools: Highland View, Stonewall Jackson,Van Pelt,and Washington Lee. Three private schools — St. Anne Catholic,Sullins Academy,and Morrison — are operated within the city. Bristol was formerly home to two post-secondary institutions,Sullins CollegeandVirginia Intermont College,but these colleges closed in 1978 and 2014 respectively.

School Board Members:

  • Chair: Randy Alvis
  • Vice Chair: Breanne Forbes Hubbard
  • Member: Steve Fletcher
  • Member: Frank Goodpasture, III
  • Member: Vanessa Guffey
  • Superintendent: David Scott

Media[edit]

Television:

  • WCYB-TVin Bristol, VA (NBC Channel 5)
  • WEMT-TV in Bristol, VA (Fox Channel 39)
  • WJHL-TV in Johnson City, TN (CBS Channel 11; ABC onDT2)

Newspaper:

Radio:

Technology[edit]

Despite its relatively small size, Bristol, Virginia, boasts one of the more advancedbroadbandnetworks in the country.[29]BVU Authority (formerly Bristol Virginia Utilities or BVU)[30]started planning afiber opticdeployment in the city in the late 1990s. By 2001, BVU had been granted approval by the city council for a full deployment of aFiber to the premises(FTTP or FTTU, fiber to the user) project. This project was to offer competition to local incumbents and provide broadband Internet, cable TV, and telephone service to the residents of Bristol. This deployment was one of the first of its kind in the United States and was widely watched by the telecommunications industry. A system known asPassive optical network(PON) was successfully deployed to over 6,000 customers in a matter of two years.

In 2003, in the relatively isolated city of Bristol, Virginia, BVU, created a nonprofit division called "Optinet", a municipal broadband Internet service that covers Bristol as well as the Southwest portion of the state of Virginia. Serving around 12,500 customers,[31]BVU is recognized as the "first municipal utility in the United States to deploy an all-fiber network offering the triple play of video, voice and data services".[31]On October 29, 2009, BVU received US$3.5 million in grant funding from the Virginia Tobacco Indemnification and Community Revitalization Commission.[32]With these funds BVU will build "an additional 49 miles of its OptiNet fiber-optic backbone from Abingdon up I-81 to Virginia Route 16 from Marion into Grayson County".[32]This will also allow for BVU to make a second connection with Mid Atlantic Broadband, increasing communication between different businesses in Northern Virginia. The Virginia Tobacco Community funded this project because it provided their business with more connections in crucial areas of the southwest and southern part of Virginia.

The U.S. Department of Commerce also funded BVU. On July 3, 2010, it was reported that they gave US$22.7 million in stimulus funds to Southwest Virginia to create a "388-mile optic backbone through an eight-county region". This project will service over 120 institutions, such as schools, hospitals, government buildings, and many more besides.[33]This new municipals broadband service will also be within a two-mile distance of over 500 different businesses.[33]This project also created 295 new jobs.[33]BVU Optinet continues operate a strong municipal broadband Internet service for Bristol and many other counties in Virginia.

Bristol's twin city in Tennessee has deployed an FTTP system similar to its neighbor across the state line.

On August 2, 2018, BVU Authority completed a sale of the OptiNet FTTP network to a private company, Sunset Digital ofDuffield, Virginiafor $50 M.[34]The sale began in late 2015 and was publicly announced in early 2016. Along with the sale of OptiNet, BVU's joint network with Cumberland Plateau Co. was sold to Sunset Digital. In addition to the network assets, Sunset agreed to hire approximately 75 BVU employees from BVU.[35]

Transportation[edit]

Bristol station

Air transport[edit]

TheTri-Cities Regional Airport,with approximately 195,000 annual passengers, is 19 miles to the southwest of Bristol.[36]

Highways[edit]

U.S. Route 11,U.S. Route 19andU.S. Route 421run through the city.

In the vicinity, to the northwest, isInterstate 81,which takes travelers northward toRoanoke,about 150 miles (240 km) away and southward toKnoxvilleabout 113 miles (182 km) to the south.Nashvilleis 293 miles (472 km) southwest.

Rail[edit]

Until 1970 theSouthern Railwayran a couple of trains through the city, making stops atBristol station,the last trains being theBirmingham Specialand thePelican.Until 1968 theMemphis-boundTennesseanmade a stop in the city.

A local coalition began advocating forAmtrakservice around 2010, and local interest grew following the extension ofNortheast Regionalservice toRoanokein 2017. A study in 2019 concluded that a further extension to Bristol viaWythevilleandChristiansburgcould be financially viable but would require $30 million in track improvements between Bristol and Roanoke. In 2020, Gov.Ralph Northamdescribed Amtrak service to Bristol as a "logical step" but said that it would be conditional upon the replacement of theLong Bridgewith a higher-throughput rail crossing of thePotomac River.[37]

Notable people[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^"2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedAugust 7,2020.
  2. ^"U.S. Census website".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedJanuary 31,2008.
  3. ^"US Board on Geographic Names".United States Geological Survey.October 25, 2007.RetrievedJanuary 31,2008.
  4. ^"Bristol city, Bristol city, Virginia".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedJanuary 30,2022.
  5. ^"2020 Population and Housing State Data".United States Census Bureau,Population Division. August 12, 2021.RetrievedJuly 19,2022.
  6. ^abcd"The History of Bristol".Discover Bristol.Archived fromthe originalon December 20, 2016.RetrievedDecember 14,2016.
  7. ^"National Register Information System".National Register of Historic Places.National Park Service.July 9, 2010.
  8. ^"Gazetteer Files".The United States Census Bureau.RetrievedMarch 19,2021.
  9. ^"Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Bristol city, Virginia".U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder.RetrievedAugust 20,2015.[dead link]
  10. ^"Bristol, Tennessee Koppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)".Weatherbase.Archivedfrom the original on December 16, 2021.RetrievedDecember 16,2021.
  11. ^ "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data".National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.RetrievedJuly 3,2021.
  12. ^"Census of Population and Housing from 1790".US Census Bureau.RetrievedJanuary 24,2022.
  13. ^"Historical Census Browser".University of Virginia Library.RetrievedJanuary 5,2014.
  14. ^"Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedJanuary 5,2014.
  15. ^"Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000"(PDF).United States Census Bureau.Archived(PDF)from the original on October 9, 2022.RetrievedJanuary 5,2014.
  16. ^ab"P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Bristol city, Virginia".United States Census Bureau.
  17. ^ab"P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Bristol city, Virginia".United States Census Bureau.
  18. ^"U.S. Census website".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedMay 14,2011.
  19. ^"Archived copy"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on July 31, 2013.RetrievedDecember 3,2012.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  20. ^Phillips, V.N. (Bud) (2006).A good place to live: Bristol, Tennessee/Virginia.Johnson City, Tenn.: Overmountain Press. p. 211.ISBN9781570723148.RetrievedJune 14,2016.
  21. ^Staff, VICE (February 28, 2017)."Inside the Burger Restaurant Where Hank Williams Uttered His Last Words".Vice.RetrievedMarch 18,2024.
  22. ^"Birthplace of Country Music".RetrievedApril 16,2015.
  23. ^"Bristol State Liners announced as newest entry in Appalachian League".Major League Baseball.February 1, 2021.RetrievedFebruary 16,2021.
  24. ^"MLB, USA Baseball Announce New Format for Appalachian League".Major League Baseball.September 29, 2020.RetrievedSeptember 29,2020.
  25. ^David Leip."Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections".Uselectionatlas.org.RetrievedDecember 8,2020.
  26. ^"Brillhart named Bristol, Virginia mayor".HeraldCourier.RetrievedDecember 5,2015.
  27. ^"American Music Conference".Archived fromthe originalon May 16, 2008.RetrievedApril 7,2008.
  28. ^"NAMM Foundation Names the 'Best Communities for Music Education' — NAMM, the International Music Products Association".Archived fromthe originalon May 2, 2008.RetrievedMay 7,2008.
  29. ^"Broadband at the Speed of Light".Institute for Local Self-Reliance. April 9, 2012.RetrievedDecember 4,2015.
  30. ^"Virginia SCC - Division of Public Utility Registration".SCC of Virginia.RetrievedAugust 5,2018.
  31. ^ab"Bristol Virginia utilities: about us".Bvu-optinet.Archived fromthe originalon June 6, 2017.RetrievedMay 24,2017.
  32. ^ab"Bristol Virginia Utilities receives $3.5 million for broadband construction".lightwaveonline.RetrievedFebruary 29,2016.
  33. ^abcTelegraph, CHARLES OWENSBluefield Daily."Stimulus funding to stretch broadband through 8 Va. counties".Bluefield Daily Telegraph.RetrievedFebruary 29,2016.
  34. ^McGee, David."Sunset, BVU OptiNet deal finalized".Bristol Herald Courier. Bristol Herald Courier.RetrievedAugust 5,2018.
  35. ^Irby, Zach."BVU OptiNet, Sunset deal moving forward".BRISTOL HERALD COURIER. BRISTOL HERALD COURIER.RetrievedAugust 5,2018.
  36. ^U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Retrieved, 11/29/2018https:// transtats.bts.gov/airports.asp?pn=1&Airport=TRI&Airport_Name=Bristol/Johnson
  37. ^McGee, David (January 10, 2020)."Northam: Passenger rail to Bristol 'logical step,' but not soon".HeraldCourier.Archivedfrom the original on January 11, 2020.RetrievedFebruary 3,2021.

External links[edit]

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