CHIPS (satellite)
![]() CHIPS (Explorer 82) satellite | |
Names | Explorer 82 UNEX-2 CHIPS |
---|---|
Mission type | Extreme ultraviolet research |
Operator | NASA/Space Sciences Laboratory |
COSPAR ID | 2003-002B |
SATCATno. | 27643 |
Website | CHIPS |
Mission duration | 1 year (planned) 5 years, 3 months (achieved) |
Spacecraft properties | |
Spacecraft | Explorer LXXXII |
Spacecraft type | Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer |
Bus | CHIPS |
Manufacturer | SpaceDev |
Launch mass | 60 kg (130 lb) |
Dimensions | 5 × 2.8 × 3.2 m (16.4 × 9.2 × 10.5 ft) |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | 13 January 2003, 00:45:00UTC |
Rocket | Delta II 7320-10(Delta 294) |
Launch site | Vandenberg,SLC-2W |
Contractor | Boeing Launch Services |
Entered service | 2003 |
End of mission | |
Deactivated | 11 April 2008 |
Orbital parameters | |
Reference system | Geocentric orbit[1] |
Regime | Low Earth orbit |
Perigee altitude | 578 km (359 mi) |
Apogee altitude | 594 km (369 mi) |
Inclination | 94.05° |
Period | 96.40 minutes |
Explorer program |
CHIPS(Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer,alsoExplorer 82orUNEX-2) was aNASAExplorer programsatellite. It was launched on 12 January 2003 fromVandenberg Air Force Baseaboard aDelta IIwith the larger satelliteICESat,and had an intended mission duration of one year. CHIPS was the second of NASA's University Explorer (UNEX) mission class. It performedspectroscopyfrom 90 to 250Angstrom(9 to 26-nm)extreme ultraviolet(EUV) light.[2]
Mission
[edit]The primary objective of the science team, led byprincipal investigatorMark Hurwitz, was to study the million-degree gas in the localinterstellar medium.CHIPS was designed to capture the first spectra of the faint, extreme ultraviolet glow that is expected to be emitted by the hot interstellar gas within about 300 light-years of theSun,a region often referred to as theLocal Bubble.Surprisingly, these measurements produced a null result, with only very faint EUV emissions detected, despite theoretical expectations of much stronger emissions. It was the first U.S. mission to useTCP/IPfor end-to-end satellite operations control.
Spacecraft
[edit]TheUniversity of California, Berkeley'sSpace Sciences Laboratory(SSL) served as CHIP's primaryground stationand manufactured the CHIPSspectrograph,designed to perform all-sky spectroscopy. Other ground network support was provided by ground stations atWallops Flight Facility(WFF),VirginiaandAdelaide,Australia. CHIPS'ssatellite buswas manufactured bySpaceDev.
Launch
[edit]CHIPS (Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer) is a NASAastrophysicsspacecraft that was launched by aDelta IIlaunch vehiclefromVandenberg Air Force Baseat 00:45:00UTCon 13 January 2003.[1]The 60 kg (130 lb), triaxially-stabilized spacecraft has aspectrographcovering the 9–26 nm wavelength band at a resolution of 0.1 nm, scanning the entire sky in chunks of 5° x 27° segments during each orbit. The targets are the hot and diffusenebulaat about a million degrees temperature. The band covers several strong emission lines.[3]
Solar observatory
[edit]In September 2005, the spacecraft was converted to asolar observatory.[4]From 3 April 2006 to 5 April 2008, CHIPS performed 1458 observations of the Sun.[5]
End of mission
[edit]Satellite operations were terminated in 11 April 2008 due to budget constraints.[6]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ab"Trajectory: CHIPS (Explorer 82) 2003-002B".NASA. 28 October 2021.Retrieved3 December2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
- ^Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma SpectrometerArchived2013-11-21 at theWayback Machine
- ^"Display: CHIPS (Explorer 82) 2003-002B".NASA. 28 October 2021.Retrieved3 December2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
- ^"CHIPS Latest News".Archived fromthe originalon 18 August 2012.Retrieved3 December2021.
- ^CHIPS Solar Science ArchiveArchived2011-08-13 at theWayback Machine
- ^Sanders, Robert (2 June 2008)."06.02.2008 – Low-cost EUV satellite shut down".newsarchive.berkeley.edu.Retrieved24 January2024.
External links
[edit]Media related toCHIPSatat Wikimedia Commons
- "Good-bye Mr. CHIPS"Chris Thompson, East Bay Express, 2 July 2008
- "CHIPS, the Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer".University of California, Space Sciences Laboratory. Archived fromthe originalon 3 March 2008.Retrieved3 March2008.
- "Two Years of EUV Observations with the Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer".University of California, Space Sciences Laboratory. Archived fromthe originalon 11 March 2005.Retrieved10 November2011.
- "SpaceDev Small Satellites".SpaceDev. Archived fromthe originalon 10 March 2008.Retrieved3 March2008.