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Canae

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Coordinates:39°2′N26°48′E/ 39.033°N 26.800°E/39.033; 26.800
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Not to be confused withCannaeorCana.

39°2′N26°48′E/ 39.033°N 26.800°E/39.033; 26.800

Canae
Κάναι
Canae is located in Turkey
Canae
Location within Turkey
Place in the Roman world
ProvinceAsia
Nearby waterAegean Sea(Dikili Gulf)
EventsBattle of Arginusae
Location
Coordinates39°2′19″N26°48′53″E/ 39.03861°N 26.81472°E/39.03861; 26.81472
Place nameKane Promontory (Cane)
TownBademli
Countyİzmir
StateDikili District
CountryTurkey
Site notes
Discovery year2015

Canae/ˈkeɪ.niː/(Ancient Greek:Κάναι;Turkish:Kane) was, inclassical antiquity,a city inancient Aeolis,on the island ofArgennusain theAegean Seaoff the modernDikili Peninsulaon the coast of modern-dayTurkey,near the modern village ofBademli.[1][2]Today Argennusa has joined the mainland as the Kane Promontory off the Dikili Peninsula. Canae is famous as the site of theBattle of Arginusaein 406 B.C.[1][3][4]

Canae is mentioned by the ancient writersHerodotus,Strabo,Pliny,Livy,Ptolemy,Sappho,Thucydides,andMela.[5][6]

History

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According to the first-centuryGreekgeographerStrabo,Canae was founded byLocrianscoming fromCynusin eastern Greece.[5][7]Canae was built on the island ofArgennusa(also spelt Arginusa), beside a small promontory hill variously calledMount Cane/ˈkeɪ.niː/(Ancient Greek:Κάνη),Aega/ˈiːɡə/(Αἰγᾶ), orArgennon/ɑːrˈdʒɛnən/(Ἄργεννον).[5][7][8]The name Canae (Κάναι) means "(city) of Mount Cane"; the district that included Argennusa and the neighboring two islands ofGaripandKalemwas called Canaea.[5]

According to the 5th-century B.C. Greek historian Herodotus, the massiveAchaemenidarmy ofXerxes Ipassed Mount Cane on its way fromSardisto theBattle of Thermopylaein 480 B.C.[5][9][10]

During thePeloponnesian War,an Athenian fleet commanded by eightstrategoiunexpectedly defeated aSpartanfleet underCallicratidasoff the coast of Canae in 406 B.C. in theBattle of Arginusae.[6]

During theRoman–Seleucid War,fought between theRoman RepublicandAntiochus the Greatin 192–188 B.C., the Roman navy wintered in Canae on their way to Chios.[5]Livywrites that "the ships were hauled on shore and surrounded with a trench and rampart."[11]

By the time ofPliny the Elderin the first century A.D., the city was deserted.[5][12]

Archaeology

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See also

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References

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  1. ^abGoldhill, Olivia (16 November 2015)."Researchers just unearthed a lost island in the Aegean".Quartz.İzmir.Retrieved21 November2015.
  2. ^Hamel, Debra (21 May 2015).The Battle of Arginusae: Victory at Sea and Its Tragic Aftermath in the Final Years of the Peloponnesian War.U.S.A.: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 48.ISBN978-1-4214-1680-9.
  3. ^"Lost ancient island found in the Aegean".Hurriyet Daily News.İzmir.Retrieved14 November2015.
  4. ^Crew, Bec (20 November 2015)."An entire ancient island has been rediscovered in the Aegean: Have we finally found the long-lost city of Kane?".Science Alert.İzmir.Retrieved21 November2015.
  5. ^abcdefgLong, George (1878)."Canae".In William Smith (ed.).A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography.Vol. I. London: John Murray.
  6. ^abLong, George (1878)."Arginusae".In William Smith (ed.).A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography.Vol. I. London: John Murray.
  7. ^abStrabo(1903).The Geography of Strabo.Vol. II. Translated by H. C. Hamilton and W. Falconer. London: George Bell & Sons. p. 388.
  8. ^Stephanus of Byzantium,Ethnica
  9. ^Herodotus,Histories7.42
  10. ^Barkworth, 1993.The Organization of Xerxes' Army.Iranica Antiqua Vol. 27, pp. 149–167
  11. ^Livy,Foundation of the City36.45, 37.8
  12. ^Pliny,Natural History5.30

Classical sources

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