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Captain (naval)

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(Redirected fromCaptain of sea and war)
Not to be confused withCaptain (armed forces)orSea captain.
Royal Navycaptain's rank insignia during Divisions conducted atHMNB Clyde,2013
Captain fromUS Navy(at left) and Senior Captain fromPLA Navy,2015
Naval officer ranks
Flag officers
Senior officers
Junior officers
Comparative military ranks
Armies,
air forces
(non-Commonwealth)		 Navies,
coast guards		 Air forces
(Commonwealth system)
Flag commissioned officers
Field marshalorMarshal Admiral of the fleet Marshal of the air force
Generalor
colonel generalor
army general		 Admiral Air chief marshal
Lieutenant generalor
army corps general		 Vice admiral Air marshal
Major generalor
divisional general		 Rear admiralor
Counter admiral		 Air vice-marshal
Brigadieror
brigadier general		 Commodoreor
flotilla admiral		 Air commodore
Senior commissioned officers
Colonel (Ship-of-the-line)
Captain		 Group captain
Lieutenant colonel Frigate captainor
Commander		 Wing commander
Majoror
commandant		 Corvette captainorLieutenant
commander		 Squadron leader
Junior commissioned officers
Captain Lieutenant Flight lieutenant
First lieutenantor
lieutenant		 Lieutenant
junior gradeor
sub-lieutenant		 Flying officer
Second lieutenantor
junior lieutenant		 Ensignor
midshipman		 Pilot officer
Officer cadet Officer cadet Flight cadet
Non-commissioned officers
Warrant officeror
sergeant major		 Warrant officeror
chief petty officer		 Warrant officer
Sergeant Petty officer Sergeant
Enlisted ranks
Corporalor
bombardier		 Leading seaman Corporal
Lance corporalor
Lance bombardieror
Specialist		 Able seaman Leading aircraftman
Privateor
gunneror
trooperor
sapper		 Seaman Aircraftmanor
airmanor
aviator

Captainis the name most often given in English-speakingnaviesto the rank corresponding to command of the largest ships.[1][2][3]The rank is equal to the army rank ofcoloneland air force rank ofgroup captain.

Equivalent ranks worldwide includeship-of-the-line captain(e.g. France, Argentina, Spain),captain of sea and war(e.g. Brazil, Portugal),captain at sea(e.g. Germany, Netherlands) and "captain of the first rank"(Russia).

Etiquette

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Any naval officer who commands a ship is addressed by naval custom as "captain" while aboard in command, regardless of their actual rank, even though technically an officer of below the rank of captain is more correctly titled thecommanding officer,or C.O. Officers with the rank of captain travelling aboard a vessel they do not command should be addressed by their rank and name (e.g., "Captain Smith" ), but they should not be referred to as "the captain" to avoid confusion with the vessel's captain.[4]The naval rank should not be confused with thearmy, air force, or marine ranks of captain,which all have the NATO code of OF-2.[Note 1]

Commands

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Captains with sea commands generally command ships ofcruisersize or larger; the more senior the officer, the larger the ship, but ship commanders do not normally hold a higher rank than captain. In theRoyal Navy,a captain might command anaircraft carrier,anamphibious assault ship,or theIce Patrol Ship,whilenaval aviatorandnaval flight officercaptains in theU.S. Navycommandaircraft carriers,large-deck amphibious assault ships, carrier air wings, maritime patrol air wings, and functional and specialized air wings and air groups.

Maritime battle staff commanders of one-star rank (commodoresorrear admiralslower half) will normally embark on large capital ships such as aircraft carriers, which will function as the flagship for their strike group or battle group, but a captain will retain command of the actual ship, and assume the title of "flag captain". Even when a senior officer who is in the ship's captain'schain of commandis present, all orders are given through the captain.

By country

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Belgium

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In theBelgian Navythe rank ofcapitaine de vaisseauorkapitein-ter-zeeis the third grade of superior officer, equivalent to colonel in the land forces. Its insignia is made up of four bands. He or she commands acapital ship(cruiser, battleship or aircraft carrier) or a shore establishment. Smaller vessels such asdestroyersand frigates are commanded by akapitein-luitenant.

Canada

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In theRoyal Canadian Navy,Captain(N) (abbreviated Capt(N);capitaine de vaisseau,abbreviatedcapv) is asenior officerrank, equal to an army or air forcecolonel.A captain(N) is senior to acommander,and junior to acommodore.[5]

Typical appointments for captains(N) include:[citation needed]

The rank insignia for a captain(N) is four1⁄2-inch (1.3 cm) stripes, worn on the cuffs of the service dress jacket, and onslip-onson other uniforms. On the visor of theservice capis one row of gold oak leaves along the edge. Captains(N) wear the officers' pattern branch cap badge.[citation needed]

The "(N)" is a part of the rank descriptor, and is used in official publications and documents to distinguish a captain(N) from acaptainin the army or air force. It is also important to distinguish between the rank of captain(N) and the appointment of captain, meaning the commanding officer of a ship, regardless of his or her rank.

Captains(N) are addressed initially as "Captain" followed by their surname (example: "Captain Bloggins" ), thereafter by superiors and peers as "Captain" and by subordinates as "Sir" or "Ma'am". The "(N)" is not part of the spoken address.

Prior to theunification of the Canadian Forces in 1968,rank structure and insignia followed the British pattern.[citation needed]

Estonia

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Main article:Mereväekapten

India

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Main article:Captain (Indian Navy)

Sri Lanka

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Main article:Captain (Sri Lanka Navy)

United Kingdom

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Main article:Captain (Royal Navy)

United States

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Main article:Captain (United States O-6)

In the United States, the O-6 rank of captain exists in four of theuniformed services of the United States:theUnited States Navy,United States Coast Guard,United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps,andNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps.

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Variants

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Captain at sea

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Captain at seais a naval rank corresponding to command of aship-of-the-lineorcapital ship.

Germany

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Kapitän zur See(German:[kapiˈtɛːnst͡suːɐ̯ˈzeː]ⓘ,abbreviatedKptzS,KZS,orKzS) is a senior officerrankin theGerman Navy.[28]

Insignia Shoulder Sleeve Higher/lower
rank
Imperial German Navy[29] Kommodore
Fregattenkapitän
Reichsmarine[30] Kommodore
Fregattenkapitän
Kriegsmarine[31] Kommodore
Fregattenkapitän
Volksmarine[32] Konteradmiral
Fregattenkapitän
German Navy[33] Flottillenadmiral
Fregattenkapitän

Netherlands

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In theRoyal Netherlands Navy,the rank ofkapitein-ter-zeeis the third grade of superior officer, equivalent to colonel in the land-forces. His insignia is made up of four bands and he commands acapital shipor a shore establishment (until recently, akapitein-ter-zeecommanded theOnderzeedienstandMijnendienst,the Netherlands Navy's submarine and mine-laying training establishments).

Smaller vessels such asdestroyersand frigates are commanded by akapitein-luitenant ter zee.Until recently flagships such asTromp-class frigateswere also commanded by akapitein-ter-zee.Currently,De Zeven Provinciën-class frigatesare commanded by akapitein-luitenant-ter-zee.

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Captain lieutenant

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Main article:Captain lieutenant

Portuguese-speaking navies

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Front page of theBreve Compendio do que pertence à obrigação de hum Capitão de Mar, & Guerra,or "Brief compendium of what pertains to the obligation of a captain of sea and war" (1676)

Captain of sea and war(Portuguese:capitão de mar e guerra,formerly spelledcapitão-de-mar-e-guerra) is a rank in most of thePortuguese-speaking navies, notably those ofPortugalandBrazil.

The term captain of sea and war, like the modern rank of ship-of-the-line captain in the navies of France, Italy, and Spain, has deep historic roots. Although the rank was first formally established in the 17th century, the expression had been sometimes been used in the Portuguese and Spanish (asCapitán de Mar y Guerra) armadas of the 16th century. But generally, in the 16th and early 17th centuries, the captain of a Portugueseman-of-warwas simply called acapitão,while the commander of a fleet was termedcapitão-mor,literally "captain-major".

Portrait miniatureof the Portuguese captain of sea and war André de Sousa Ferreira in 1751.

During the 16th century, the termalmirantewas used inPortugalto designate the second in command of a fleet. Only during the 18th century would it come to designate the fleet commander - an admiral in the more modern sense. But during the latter half of the 17th century, the term "captain of sea and war" came to designate the commander of a larger man-of-war - theship of the linethat began evolving at that time. When that happened, the Portuguese Navy, as other navies, came to use the termcapitão de fragataandcapitão-tenente,literally "frigate captain"and" captain-lieutenant ", to designate the commanders of smaller warships. When Brazil gained her independence from Portugal in 1822, itsnavyadopted the Portuguese rank denominations, which both countries still use.

Corvette captain

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Main article:Corvette captain

Frigate captain

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Main article:Frigate captain

Rank captain

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Main articles:Captain 1st rank,Captain 2nd rank,andCaptain 3rd rank

Captain of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd class are ranks used by theRussian Navyand a number offormer communist states.Within NATO forces, the ranks are rated as OF-5, 4 and 3, respectively.[43]

NATO code[43] OF-5 OF-4 OF-3
Captain 1st rank Captain 2nd rank Captain 3rd rank
English equivalent Captain Commander Lieutenant commander

Ship-of-the-line captain

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Serbian River Flotilla Ship-of-the-line captain (Serbian:капетан бојног брода,romanized:kapetan bojnog broda)

Ship-of-the-line-captain(French:capitaine de vaisseau;German:Linienschiffskapitän(in the Austro-Hungarian navy);Italian:capitano di vascello;Spanish:capitán de navío;Croatian:kapetan bojnog broda) is arankthat appears in several navies. The name of the rank derives from the fact the rank corresponded to command of a warship of the largest class, theship-of-the-line,as opposed to smaller types (corvettesandfrigates). It is normally above the rank offrigate captain.In all theScandinaviancountries, the rank stems from theMiddle Low Germanword for war (orloch),[44]i.e. war[-ship] captain.

France

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Capitaine de vaisseauis a rank in theFrench Navy,corresponding to that ofcolonelin theFrench Army.They usually command the navy's most important ships.

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ThePolish Navyis, however, a notable exception with "naval captain" (Polish -kapitan marynarki) in the OF-2 rank oflieutenantorcaptain lieutenantand the OF-5 rank being a "Commodore" (Polish -komandor).

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