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Cartosat-2

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Not to be confused withCartosat-2F.
Cartosat-2
NamesIRS-P7
CartoSat-2AT
Mission typeEarth observation
OperatorISRO
COSPAR ID2007-001BEdit this at Wikidata
SATCATno.29710
Websitehttps:// isro.gov.in/
Mission duration5 years (planned)
12 years (achieved)
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftIRS-P7
BusIRS-2[1]
ManufacturerIndian Space Research Organisation
Launch mass680 kg (1,500 lb)[2]
Power900watts[3][4]
Start of mission
Launch date10 January 2007, 03:57:00UTC[5]
RocketPolar Satellite Launch Vehicle(PSLV C7)[2]
Launch siteSatish Dhawan Space Centre,FLP[2]
ContractorIndian Space Research Organisation
Entered service2007
End of mission
Deactivated2019
Decay date14 Feb 2024
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric orbit
RegimeSun-synchronous orbit[5]
Perigee altitude621 km (386 mi)
Apogee altitude641 km (398 mi)
Inclination97.9°
Period97.3 minutes

Cartosat-2was anEarth observation satellitein aSun-synchronous orbitand the second of theCartosatseries of satellites. The satellite was built, launched and maintained by theIndian Space Research Organisation(ISRO). Weighing around 680 kg at launch, its applications were mainly be towardscartography.It was launched by thePolar Satellite Launch VehiclePSLV C7launch vehicle on 10 January 2007.

Satellite description[edit]

Cartosat-2 carried a state-of-the-artpanchromatic(PAN) camera that took black and white pictures of theEarthin thevisible regionof theelectromagnetic spectrum.The swath covered by this high resolution PAN camera was 9.6 km and their spatial resolution is less than 1 metre. The satellite could be steered up to 45° along as well as across the track. Cartosat-2 was an advancedremote sensingsatellite capable of providing scene-specific spot imagery. The data from the satellite was used for detailed mapping and other cartographic applications at cadastral level, urban and rural infrastructure development and management, as well as applications inLand information system(LIS) andGeographic information system(GIS). The first imagery, received on 12 January 2007, covered a length of 240 km fromPaonta Sahibin Shivalik region toDelhi.Another set of imagery of about 50 km length coveredRadhanagarito Sagoan inGoa.Analysis of the first imagery received atNational Remote Sensing Agency's data reception station atShadnagar,inHyderabad,confirmed excellent performance of the on-board camera.

Cartosat-2'spanchromaticcamera was able to produce images better than 1 metre in resolution,[6]compared to the 82 cm panchromatic resolution offered by theIkonossatellite.[7]India had previously purchased images from Ikonos at about US$20 per square kilometre; the use of Cartosat-2 will provide imagery at 20 times lower cost. At the time of Cartosat-2's launch, India was buying about₹20 croreper year from Ikonos.[8]

End of life[edit]

After 12 years of service in a circular orbit of almost 630 km altitude Cartosat-2 would have taken about 30 years to de-orbit naturally. With 25 kg of propellant remaining it was decided by ISRO's Directorate for Space Situational Awareness and Management (DSSAM) to decommission the spacecraft and lower the perigee using left-over propellant so that it meetsUnited Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs(UNOOSA)'s space debris mitigation guidelines. Between 6 March to 3 September 2020, perigee was lowered incrementally by performing 26 perigee reduction burns putting the spacecraft in 630 × 390 km orbit. This was ISRO's firstlow Earth orbitsatellite to be decommissioned in this manner. Orbit of Cartosat-2 is expected to decay naturally within 10 years.[9][10]

The satellite re-entered Earth's atmosphere and was subsequently destroyed on 14 February 2024 at 10:18 UTC over the southern Indian Ocean.[11][12]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^Krebs, Gunter."Cartosat 2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E".Gunter's Space Page.Retrieved19 June2017.
  2. ^abc"PSLV C7/Cartosat-2/SRE Mission Brochure"(PDF).ISRO. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 31 July 2017.Retrieved19 June2017.
  3. ^"Cartosat-2".ISRO. 10 January 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 30 July 2017.Retrieved19 June2017.
  4. ^"Satellite: CartoSat-2".World Meteorological Organization.Retrieved19 June2017.
  5. ^ab"Trajectory: Cartosat-2 2007-001B".NASA. 27 April 2021.Retrieved10 May2021.Public DomainThis article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
  6. ^"Cartosat-2: Optical Satellite".pasco.co.jp.Archived fromthe originalon 11 February 2013.Retrieved26 February2013.
  7. ^"Instrument: OSA".World Meteorological Organization.Retrieved11 November2017.
  8. ^Venkat, Archana (11 January 2007)."PSLV launch successful".The Hindu.Business Line.Retrieved11 November2017.
  9. ^"Post Mission Disposal of Cartosat-2: Compliance with IADC Guidelines".space-debris-conference.sdo.esoc.esa.int.Archivedfrom the original on 20 April 2021.Retrieved20 April2021.After providing uninterrupted payload services for 12 years, it was decided to decommission the satellite in late 2019 following on-board subsystem degradation. At an orbit of 630 km altitude, the lifetime of Cartosat-2 was estimated to be more than 30 years. The satellite also had about 26 kg left-over propellant. Although the satellite was not specifically designed for end-of-life de-orbiting, it was proposed by ISRO's Directorate for Space Situational Awareness and Management (DSSAM) to lower the perigee of the satellite, so as to limit its post mission orbital life time in compliance with the 25-year guideline of IADC for post mission disposal of LEO objects, and at the same time, deplete the left-over fuel to mitigate any accidental break-up risk. The de-orbiting operations were planned and executed by the operational team atISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network(ISTRAC) in close coordination with mission and subsystem designers from various ISRO centres. Starting with the first perigee-lowering manoeuvre on 6 March 2020, 26 perigee reduction burns were conducted till 3 September 2020 to progressively lower the perigee below 400 km.
  10. ^"Post Mission Disposal of Cartosat-2: Compliance with IADC Guidelines"(PDF).April 2021.
  11. ^"Atmospheric Re-entry of Cartosat-2".ISRO.16 February 2024.
  12. ^"Orbital height profile of CARTOSAT 2".heavens-above.Retrieved16 February2024.

External links[edit]

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