Chacombe
| Chacombe | |
|---|---|
 SS Peter & Paul parish church | |
  Chacombe Location withinNorthamptonshire | |
| Population | 659 (2011 Census) |
| OS grid reference | SP4943 |
| Civil parish |
|
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Banbury |
| Postcode district | OX17 |
| Dialling code | 01295 |
| Police | Northamptonshire |
| Fire | Northamptonshire |
| Ambulance | East Midlands |
| UK Parliament | |
| Website | Chacombe Parish Council |
Chacombe(sometimesChalcombein the past)[1]is a village andcivil parishinWest Northamptonshire,England, about 3 miles (5 km) north-east ofBanbury.It is bounded to the west by theRiver Cherwell,to the north by a tributary and to the south-east by the Banbury–Syreshamroad. The2011 Censusgave a parish population of 659 and a 2019 estimate 693.[2]
Etymology
[edit]In 1086 theDomesday Bookrecorded thetoponymasCewecumbe.In most later Medieval documents it is recorded asChaucumba.The name is thought to be fromOld English:acompoundof a personal name Ceawa and the wordcumb,meaning "valley". Thus the name meant "Ceawa's valley".[3]
Manor
[edit]In the mid-11th-century reign ofEdward the Confessor,a certain Bardi held themanorof Chacombe "freely" (i.e. without afeudaloverlord).[4][5]However, theDomesday Bookof 1086 records that after theNorman Conquest of Englandone Godfrey held the manor ofCewecumbeofRemigius de Fécamp,Bishop of Lincoln.[4][5]This had fourhidesof arable land, nine acres of meadow and three watermills.[4][5]In the 12th century the manor was still assessed as four hides and still held from the Bishop of Lincoln.[6]
Themanor househas been demolished. It was on the north-west side of the village, just east of the parish church, in Berry Field,[7]now called Berry Close.
Priory
[edit]
Hugh of Chalcombe,lord of themanorof Chacombe, founded theAugustinianChacombe Prioryin the reign ofHenry II(1154–1189).[8]It was just west of the present village.[7]
In 1536 the Priory was suppressed in theDissolution of the Monasteries[8]and passed all its properties tothe Crown.The only visible remains of it are a small chapel apparently built in the 13th century[9]and a set of medieval fishponds,[8]although at least three medieval stone coffin slabs, one from the 13th century, have been found in the priory grounds.[7]
Part of the priory site is now occupied by a house, also called Chacombe Priory. The house has a largeElizabethanporch and a late 17th-century staircase, and was remodelled in theGeorgianera.[9]
Parish church
[edit]The earliest part of theChurch of England parish churchofSaints Peter and Paulis theNormanfont.[9]The current building is essentiallyDecorated Gothicfrom the early part of the 14th century, including the three-bayarcadeseither side of thenave.[9]The north aisle has a 14th-century wall painting ofSaint Peterbeingcrucified upside-down.[10]It is one of only two wall paintings ofSaint Peter's crucifixionknown in England, the other being in the parish church atIckletoninCambridgeshire.The church is aGrade I listed building.[11]
Thebell towerhas a ring of six bells.[12]William Bagley of Chacombe[13]cast four of them including the treble bell in 1694.[14]John Briant ofHertford[13]cast the present fifth bell in 1790;[14]theWhitechapel Bell Foundrycast the present tenor bell in 2009.[14]
The parish is a member of the ChenderitBenefice,which also covers the parishes ofGreatworth,Marston St. Lawrence,Middleton Cheney,ThenfordandWarkworth.[15]
Social and economic history
[edit]
By the 13th century many of the hundreds in Northamptonshire listed in Domesday had been consolidated, with Chacombe parish within (King's) Sutton Hundred.[16][17]
Theridge and furrowpatterns of Chacombe's formeropen field systemcan be traced in much of the parish, particularlyfrom the air.The common fields wereenclosedlong before the 18th century and without aparliamentaryInclosure Act. In about 1720John Bridgeswrote that the whole lordship [of Chacombe] was then enclosed and had been so "for near a 100 years".[18]
Before 1901, thehundred courtwas disused and Chacombe parish part of the Southern Division of Northamptonshire.[19]In 1900 theGreat Central Railwaybranch line betweenCulworthandBanburywas built along the northern edge of Chacombe parish. In 1911 the railway openedChalcombe Road Haltjust north of the village on Wardington Road.British Railwaysclosed this in 1956 and the whole line in 1966.
TheConservativepolitician and government ministerNorman St John-Stevas,Lord St John of F awsl (a ta đã chết) ey, died at Chacombe House care home on 2 March 2012, at the age of 82.[20]
Bell-foundry
[edit]From 1605 until 1785 the Bagley family of Chacombe werebellfounders,casting more than 440 bells for churches in England,[21]including the four 1694 bells in Chacombe parish church.[12]Master-founders at Chacombe included Henry I Bagley (active 1630–1684), Matthew I Bagley (active 1679–1690), Henry II Bagley (active 1679–1703), William Bagley (active 1687–1712), Henry III Bagley (active 1706–1746) and Matthew III Bagley (active 1740–1782).[13]
Henry II Bagley also ran a foundry atEctonand Henry III Bagley one atWitney.[13]Matthew II Bagley (active 1693–1716) ran two foundries in London: one inClerkenwell,making bells,[13]and the other,The Foundery,inMoorfields,makingcannons.[22]
School and amenities
[edit]
The parish school in Chacombe was founded in 1868.[23]The school is now known as Chacombe CEVA Primary Academy.[24]
The village has a village hall[25]and apublic house,theGeorge and Dragon.There is also a care home for the elderly.[26]
Cherwell Edge Golf Club is southeast of the village.[27]
References
[edit]- ^Lewis 1848,pp. 242–245.
- ^City Population. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^Gover, Mawer & Stenton 1933,pp. 50–51.
- ^abcAdkins & Serjeantson 1902,p. 312.
- ^abcDomesday Online: Chacombe[permanent dead link],accessed Feb 2019.
- ^Adkins & Serjeantson 1902,p. 368.
- ^abcRCHME 1982,pp. 26–27.
- ^abcHistoric England."Chacombe Priory (337211)".Research records (formerly PastScape).Retrieved13 December2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^abcdPevsner & Cherry 1973,p. 146.
- ^"Medieval Wall Painting in the English Parish Church: Martyrdom of St. Peter: Chacombe, Northants (Peterborough) c. 14".Paintedchurch.org.Retrieved17 June2012.
- ^Historic England."Church of St Peter and St Paul (Grade I) (1041190)".National Heritage List for England.Retrieved16 November2013.
- ^ab"Chacombe: Church Guide".Chacombeparish.co.uk. Archived fromthe originalon 1 March 2012.Retrieved17 June2012.
- ^abcdeDovemaster (31 October 2012)."Bell Founders".Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers.Central Council of Church Bell Ringers.Retrieved24 April2011.
- ^abcDawson, George (23 March 2009)."Chacombe SS Peter & Paul".Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers.Central Council of Church Bell Ringers.Retrieved24 April2011.
- ^Archbishops' Council(2015)."Benefice of Chenderit".A Church Near You.Church of England.Archived fromthe originalon 9 February 2015.Retrieved10 February2015.
- ^Northamptonshire Militia Lists 1777: Kings Sutton Hundred.Northamptonshire Record Society, accessed February 2019.
- ^Hundreds and Liberties in Northamptonshire.University of Kentucky Genealogy Archive, accessed February 2019.
- ^RCHME 1982,pp. 26–27, citingBridges 1791
- ^University of Kentucky Genealogy Archives: NorthamptonshireArchived16 October 2015 at theWayback Machine,accessed February 2019.
- ^Kavanagh 2016[page needed]
- ^"Chacombe: Church Guide: Bagley bell-founders".Archived fromthe originalon 1 March 2012.Retrieved17 June2012.
- ^M@ (9 October 2015)."London's Forgotten Disasters: Explosion In Moorfields".Londonist.Retrieved29 May2023.
- ^"Chacombe: Timeline".Archived fromthe originalon 1 March 2012.Retrieved17 June2012.
- ^"Diary & News".Chacombe CEVA Primary Academy.Retrieved10 March2015.
- ^"Welcome".Chacombe Parish Council. Archived fromthe originalon 11 February 2015.Retrieved11 February2015.
- ^"Chacombe Park Care Home".Retrieved6 March2018.
- ^"Cherwell Edge – Parkland Course & Driving Range".Retrieved17 June2012.
Sources
[edit]- Adkins, WRD;Serjeantson, RM, eds. (1902).A History of the County of Northampton.Victoria County History.Vol. 1. Westminster:Archibald Constable& Co. pp. 312, 368.
- Bridges, John(1791).Whalley, Rev. Peter(ed.).The history and antiquities of Northamptonshire. Compiled from the manuscript collections of the late learned antiquary John Bridges, Esq.Vol. I. Oxford: T Payne.
- Gover, JEB; Mawer, A; Stenton, FM (1933).The Place-Names of Northamptonshire.Vol. 10. Cambridge:Cambridge University Pressfor theEnglish Place-Name Society.ISBN978-0521049054.
- Kavanagh, Dennis(2016). "Stevas, Norman Antony Francis St John-, Baron St John of F awsl (a ta đã chết) ey (1929–2012)".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.Oxford: Oxford University Press.Retrieved18 May2016.
- Lewis, Samuel(1848).A Topographical Dictionary of England(7th ed.). London:Samuel Lewis.pp. 242–245.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus;Cherry, Bridget (1973) [1961].Northamptonshire.The Buildings of England.Harmondsworth:Penguin Books.p. 146.ISBN0-14-071022-1.
- RCHME,ed. (1982).An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in the County of Northamptonshire.Vol. 4, Archaeological Sites in South-West Northamptonshire. London:Her Majesty's Stationery Office.pp. 26–27.
- Serjeantson, RM;Adkins, WRD,eds. (1906). "The Priory of Chalcombe".A History of the County of Northampton.Victoria County History.Vol. 2. Westminster:Archibald Constable& Co. pp. 133–135.
External links
[edit]