Cheadle Hulme

Cheadle Hulme
The cenotaph, on the corner of Ravenoak Road and Manor Road
Cheadle Hulme Location withinGreater Manchester
Area	8.37 km2(3.23 sq mi)
Population	26,479 (2011)
•Density	3,164/km2(8,190/sq mi)
OS grid reference	SJ872870
•London	157 mi (253 km)SE
Metropolitan borough	Stockport
Metropolitan county	Greater Manchester
Region	North West
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	CHEADLE
Postcode district	SK8
Dialling code	0161
Police	Greater Manchester
Fire	Greater Manchester
Ambulance	North West
UK Parliament	Cheadle

Cheadle Hulme(/ˌtʃiːdəlˈhjuːm/) is a suburb in theMetropolitan Borough of Stockport,Greater Manchester,England,.HistoricallyinCheshire,it is 2 miles (3.2 km) south-west ofStockportand 8 miles (12.9 km) south-east ofManchester.It lies in theLadybrook Valley,on theCheshire Plain,and thedriftconsists mostly ofboulder clay,sands and gravels. In 2011, it had a population of 26,479.

Evidence ofBronze Age,RomanandAnglo-Saxonactivity, including coins, jewellery and axes, have been discovered locally. The area was first mentioned in theDomesday Bookof 1086 when it was a large estate which included neighbouringCheadle.In the early 14th century, it was split into southern and northern parts at about the future locations of Cheadle Hulme and Cheadle respectively. The area was acquired by the Moseley family in the 17th century and became known as Cheadle Moseley. Unlike many English villages, it did not grow around a church; instead it formed from several hamlets, many of which retain their names as neighbourhoods within Cheadle Hulme. In the late 19th century, Cheadle Hulme was united with Cheadle,Gatleyand other neighbouring places to form theurban districtofCheadle and Gatley.This district was abolished in 1974 and Cheadle Hulme became a part of the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport.

Cheadle Hulme has good transport links, with its ownrailway stationand is in close proximity toManchester Airport,theM60 motorwayand theA34 road.

History

Early history

TheDomesday Bookprovides the earliest mention of the area, where it is recorded as "Cedde",Celticfor "wood".Local archaeological finds includeBronze Ageaxes discovered in Cheadle. Evidence ofRomanoccupation includes coins and jewellery, which were found in 1972,and the modern-day Cheadle Road, originally known as Street Lane, may be of Roman origin. A stone cross dedicated to theAnglo-SaxonSt Chad,uncovered in 1873, indicates Anglo-Saxon activity.The cross was found in an area called "Chad Hill", on the banks ofMicker Brooknear its confluence with theRiver Mersey;this area became "Chedle".Suggestions for the origin of the name include the wordscedde,andleighorleah,inOld Englishmeaning "clearing", forming the modern day "Cheadle"."Hulme" may have been derived from theOld Norseword for "water meadow" or "island in the fen".

According to theDomesday Bookin 1086, the modern-day Cheadle and Cheadle Hulme were a single large estate. Valued at £20,it was described as "large and important" and "a wood threeleagues(about 9 miles (14 km)) long and half as broad ".One of the earliest owners of the property was theEarl of Chester.It was held by a Gamel, a free Saxon, underHugh d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester,and later became the property of the de Chedle family, who took their name from the land they owned.By June 1294 Geoffrey de Chedle wasLord of the Manor.Geoffrey's descendant Robert (or Roger) died in the early 1320s, leaving the estate to his wife Matilda who held it until her death in 1326.As there were no male heirs themanor,which was now worth £30 per annum,was divided between her daughters, Clemence and Agnes.Clemence inherited the southern half (which would later become the modern-day Cheadle Hulme), and Agnes inherited the northern half (latterly Cheadle).The two areas became known as "Chedle Holme" and "Chedle Bulkeley" respectively.Shortly afterwards the Chedle Holme estate was divided and the part where Hulme Hall is now situated became known as "Holme", and held by the Vernons. The estates were reunified on the death of the last of the Vernons in 1476.

The Hesketh Tavern, on Hulme Hall Road, was a public house. It was built on the site of another public house, the Horse & Jockey, in 1864 and named after the family who once owned the manor.

The only daughter of Clemence and William de Bagulegh, Isabel de Bagulegh, succeeded her parents as owner of the manor, and married Sir Thomas Danyers. Danyers was rewarded for his efforts in thecrusadesthrough an annual payment from theKingof 40marks,as well as the gift ofLyme Hall.His daughter Margaret continued to receive payments after his death.

The first John Savage succeeded Margaret, and nine more followed him.The tenth died young, so the estate passed to his brother, Thomas Savage. In 1626Charles Icreated the title ofViscount Savagefor him.On his death the estate passed to his daughter Joan, who later marriedJohn Paulet, 5th Marquess of Winchester.Joan died during childbirth at the age of 23, and the estate passed to the Marquess. The Marquess practisedCatholicism,and in 1643 the estate was confiscated due to persecution of Catholics in theEnglish Civil War.

Following this, the estate was acquired by the Moseley family of Manchester and became known as Cheadle Moseley. Anne Moseley was the last of this family to hold the manor, as her husband could not afford to keep it following her death. It was purchased by John Davenport, who bequeathed it to the Bamford family when he died childless in 1760. After the last Bamford died without male issue in 1806, the estate passed to Robert Hesketh who took the name Bamford-Hesketh;it is from this family that the Hesketh Tavernpublic housein Cheadle Hulme got its name.The last person to hold the manor was Winifred, Countess of Dundonald, one of Bamford-Hesketh's descendants.

Modern history

Prior to 1868, Cheadle Moseley was atownshipwithin the ancient parish of Cheadle. Its population more than doubled during the first half of the 19th century, rising from 971 in 1801 to 2,319 in 1851. Cheadle Moseley became acivil parishin 1868. In 1879, it was merged with neighbouring Cheadle Bulkeley to form the civil parish of Cheadle.Cheadle parish went on to become part of the newly formedCheadle and Gatleydistrict in 1894.The name "Cheadle Moseley" continued to be used for the area, and appeared ontithesanddeedsuntil the 20th century.In 1974, the Cheadle and Gatley district was abolished and Cheadle Hulme became part of theMetropolitan Borough of Stockport.

RAF Handforth was a large and important storage facility that contributed directly to the war effort. The site stretched from the centre of Handforth village, through Cheadle Hulme and onwards toWoodford.The industrial estate Adlington Park in Woodford/Poyntonwas a dispersed site of RAF Handforth. Cheadle Hulme itself escaped being badly damaged, but its villagers knew the extent of the war, mainly due to the large and visible presence of the RAF and could hear the sounds of air-raids on Manchester.

Cheadle Hulme did not grow around a church like many English villages, but instead grew from several hamlets that existed in the area. Many of the names of these hamlets still appear in the names of areas, including Smithy Green, Lane End, Gill Bent, and Grove Lane.Some of the many farms such as Orish Mere Farm and Hursthead Farm which covered the area also retain their names in schools that were built in their place.

The area was struck byan F1/T2 tornadoon 23 November 1981, as part of the record-breaking nationwide tornado outbreak on that day.

Governance

Cheadle Hulme was historically part of theancient parishof Cheadle within thehistoric county boundariesofCheshire.It formed thetownshipofCheadle Moseley.Following theMunicipal Corporations Act 1835,part of Cheadle Moseley was amalgamated into theMunicipal Borough of Stockport.Cheadle Moseley became a separatecivil parishin 1866, but in 1879 it was united with the neighbouring civil parish ofCheadle Bulkeleyto form the civil parish of Cheadle.

Established in 1886, Cheadle Hulme's firstlocal authoritywas the Cheadle and Gatleylocal board of health,a regulatory body responsible for standards of hygiene and sanitation for the area ofStockport Etchellstownship and the part of Cheadle township outside the Municipal Borough of Stockport. The board of health was also part of Stockportpoor law union.In 1888 the board was divided into four wards: Adswood, Cheadle, Cheadle Hulme and Gatley.Under theLocal Government Act 1894the area of the local board becameCheadle and Gatley Urban District.There were exchanges of land with the neighbouringurban districtsofWilmslowandHandforthin 1901, and the wards were restructured again, splitting Cheadle Hulme into north and south, and merging in Adswood.Due to the fast-paced growth of the district, the wards were again restructured in 1930, with the addition ofHeald Green.In 1940 the current wards of Adswood, Cheadle East, Cheadle West, Cheadle Hulme North, Cheadle Hulme South, Gatley and Heald Green were established.Under theLocal Government Act 1972the Cheadle and Gatley Urban District was abolished, and Cheadle Hulme has, since 1 April 1974,formed anunparished areaof theMetropolitan Borough of Stockportwithin themetropolitan countyofGreater Manchester.

Since 1950 Cheadle Hulme has been part of theCheadleparliamentary constituency,and has been represented byConservativemember Mary Robinson since 2015.Six councillors, three representing Cheadle Hulme South ward and three representing Cheadle Hulme North, serve on the borough council.

Geography

The Micker Brook, running through fields behind the Ramillies estate

At53.376°N 2.188°W/53.376; -2.188,Cheadle Hulme is in the south ofGreater Manchester.Stockport Metropolitan Borough straddles theCheshire Plainand thePennines,and Cheadle Hulme is in the west of the borough on the Cheshire Plain. The area lies in the Ladybrook Valley next to the Micker Brook, atributaryof theRiver Merseywhich flows north–west fromPoyntonthroughBramhalland Cheadle Hulme, joining the Mersey in Stockport.

The majority of buildings in the area are houses from the 20th century, but there are a few buildings, landmarks, and objects that date from the 16th century, in addition to Bramall Hall which dates from the 14th century. In particular, there are manyVictorianbuildings in several places across the area. The localdrift geologyis mostly glacial boulder clay, as well as glacial sands and gravel. For many years the clay has been used for making bricks and tiles.

Cheadle Hulme's climate is generally temperate, like the rest of Greater Manchester. The mean highest and lowest temperatures of 13.2 °C (55.8 °F) and 6.4 °C (43.5 °F) are slightly above the average for England, while the annual rainfall of 806.6 millimetres (31.76 in) and average hours (1,394.5 hours) of sunshine are respectively above and below the national averages.

Demography

Note: Cheadle Hulme is split into two areas for censuses, Cheadle Hulme North and Cheadle Hulme South. The figures below before 2011 account for both areas. From 2011 the numbers are based on the data for the Cheadle Hulme Built-up area sub division as published by the Office for National Statistics. The data for this area do not match the combined total for the Cheadle North and South wards as the boundaries for this sub-division are slightly different.

Cheadle Hulme compared
2011 UK census	Cheadle Hulme	Stockport (borough)	England
Total population	24,362	283,275	53,012,456
White	91.6%	92.1%	85.4%
Asian	5.5%	4.9%	7.8%
Mixed	1.5%	1.8%	2.3%
Black	0.6%	0.7%	3.5%
Other	0.8%	0.6%	1.0%

According to theOffice for National Statistics,Cheadle Hulme had a population of 24,362 at the2011 census.The population density was 4,152 inhabitants per square kilometre (10,754/sq mi),with a 100–95.3 female-to-male ratio. Of those aged over 16, 25.0% were single (never married or registered a same-sex civil partnership), 58.1% married and 0.1% in a registered same-sex civil partnershipCheadle Hulme's 9,962 households included 26.1% one-person, 42.9% Married or same-sex civil partnership couples living together, 6.2% wereco-habitingcouples, and 8.3% single parents with children.Of those aged 16–74, 13.1% had noacademic qualifications.

About 66.6% of Cheadle Hulme's residents reported themselves as being Christian, 3.4% Muslim, 1.2% Hindu, 0.6% Jewish, 0.3% Buddhist and 0.1% Sikh. The census recorded 21.1% as having no religion, 0.4% had an alternative religion and 6.3% did not state their religion.

Population growthin Cheadle Moseley (from 1664 to 1971)
Year	1664	1801	1811	1821	1831	1841	1851	1861	1871	1891	1901	1911	1921	1931	1939	1951	1961	1971
Population	390	971	1,296	1,534	1,946	2,288	2,319	2,329	2,612	8,252	7,916	9,913	11,036	18,473	32,245	31,511	45,621	60,807
Urban District 1981–1971

Population growth in Cheadle and Gatley (including Cheadle Hulme) from 1891 to 2001
Year	1981	1991	2001
Population	59,828	58,457	57,507
Urban Subdivision 1981–2001

Population growth in Cheadle Hulme (north and south) from 2011
Year	2011
Population	24,362
• Cheadle Hulme Built-up area sub division 2011

Economy

Pimlott's butcher shop, on Station Road. It was established in 1869, and is one of the family-run businesses in the area.

For many years Cheadle Hulme was rural countryside,made up of woods, open land, and farms. The local population was made up of farmers and peasants, living in small cottages and working the land under the tenancy of theLord of the Manor.Most families kept animals for food, grew their own crops,and probably bought and sold produce at Stockport market.Water was obtained from local wells and ponds, and sometimes the Micker Brook.

Localsilkweavingbecame a large part of everyday life. The work took place indomestic cottagesin a room known as a "loomshop",and the woven silk was transported to firms inMacclesfield8 miles (13 km) away.Silk-weaving remained commonplace in the area until the early 20th century, when the process became industrialised.Other industries in the area included acorn mill,which collapsed some time during theFirst World War,located next to the Micker Brook; cotton weaving; and brickworks, one located where the fire station is and one near therailway station.A coal wharf was situated opposite the railway station and supplied the area with coal.

Cheadle Hulme Fire Station on Turves Road, built in 1960. The site also incorporates an ambulance station.

The building of the railways in the early 1840s introduced new employment opportunities for people in places such as Stockport and Manchester, as well as an influx of people coming to live in the area.In the mid-19th century, one of the earliest shops was opened in the Smithy Green area, selling groceries, sweets and other provisions.As people settled in the area, more shops were opened and new houses were built, many of which still stand.During the early 20th century Cheadle Hulme experienced a rapid growth in population, mostly due to an influx of people from Manchester and other large towns and cities coming to live in the area, and it gradually became more suburban.In the 1930s more houses were built around the Grove Lane and Pingate Lane, Gill Bent Road, Hulme Hall Road and Cheadle Road areas, and new roads replaced old farms.In the 1960s the Hursthead estate was built on land that was once Hursthead Farm.By 2009 the only farm remaining was Leather's Farm on Ladybridge Road.

Cheadle Hulme is served by a fire station on Turves Road which opened in October 1960. Before this the area made use of a service in Cheadle.An ambulance station is near the fire station, and the closest public hospital isStepping Hill Hospitalin Hazel Grove. Until the early 2000s the area had a police station which served as the headquarters for the west Stockport area.The building, which opened in 1912, was sold in 2006 and converted intoflats.

Waitrose, on Station Road. It was built in 2007 on the site of a former office block, and was Waitrose's first purpose-built retail outlet in northern England.

Cheadle Hulme has a large variety of businesses serving the area. Station Road is home to the shopping precinct (built in 1962)and contains among other businesses anOxfamshop, anAsda supermarket,ahairdressing salon,an optician, a pharmacy, some clothing retailers and several restaurants. There are more restaurants and cafés along Station Road as well as solicitors and building societies, and long-running family businesses such as Pimlott's butchers are also prominent.In 2002, aTesco Expressopened on the site of an oldpetrolstation, and in July 2007 Cheadle Hulme became the home ofWaitrose's first purpose-built retail outlet innorthern England.

According to the 2001 census, the biggest industry of employment for Cheadle Hulme residents is that of wholesale and retail trade and repairs with approximately 16% of people employed in that industry. This is followed closely by real estate, renting and business activities with 15% of people employed in this area. Other big areas of employment include manufacturing (13%), health and social work (11%), and education (10%).Approximately 30% of people were classed as "economically inactive" in the 2001 census. This included retired people, people who had to look after their family, and disabled or sick people.

Landmarks

The Swann Lane, Hulme Hall Road, and Hill Top Avenue conservation area contains 16th and 17th century timber-framed buildings, Victorian villas, churches, and some former farmsteads.There are twoGrade II listed buildingsin this area: Hulme Hall, a timber-framed manor house which dates from either the 16th or 17th century, and 1 Higham Street, formerly Hill Cottage, which is of a similar period and style to Hulme Hall. The Church Inn public house, which dates from either the late 18th or early 19th century, is situated on the edge of this area.

The entrance to Oak Meadow Park

Oak Meadow Park is a small park on Station Road, with a large grass area and woodland. In the early 2000s it was renovated and refurbished, with new fences, benches and footpaths. The project to maintain and improve the park is a continuous process overseen by a local volunteer group. The park is used for special community events throughout the year.

Bruntwood Park has a variety of facilities, includingorienteering,an 18-hole, par 3pitch and puttgolf course, children's play areas, football pitches, and aBMXtrack.Bruntwood Park is also home to The Bowmen of Bruntwood, an archery club.Bruntwood Park is a Grade BSite of Biological Interest,and in 1999 was given aGreen Flag Awardfor its high standards.The land it occupies was once a large estate, which at one time included astud farm.Bruntwood Hall, a Victorian Gothic building constructed in 1861, has been used for various purposes, including serving as Cheadle and Gatley Town Hall from 1944 until 1959.It is now a hotel and since the 1940s the park has been open to the public.

Around 300 men from Cheadle Hulme served in theFirst World War,and it was decided that those who died should be commemorated. Various ideas, including a library and clock tower, were suggested and in the end acenotaphwas built on the corner of Ravenoak Road and Manor Road in 1921. It was designed by British architect Arthur Beresford Pite and created by sculptor Benjamin Clemens. Additions for later wars have been made.

Transport

Road

Although most of the roads in the area date from the 20th century, there are many older roads formed from ancient routes. Cheadle Road possibly originated in Roman times and Ack Lane (formerly Hack Lane) is named after Hacon, a local Saxon landowner.Hulme Hall Road is named for the landmark it runs through and has existed since at least the 18th century.Until the 20th century, the roads were little more than country lanes and most traffic consisted of horsedrawn carriages, carts and milk floats. The roads were about half as wide as they are currently and have all since been widened to accommodate the increasing amount of traffic.The first cars appeared in Cheadle Hulme in the early 1900s, buthorse-drawn vehicleswere the main form of transport until the 1920s. A bus, known as theRattler,was introduced around this time and ran a service through the area. It was, however, very slow and noisy, as its name suggests.

The A34 Cheadle by-pass passes nearby; the A5419 and B5095 roads traverse Cheadle Hulme.

Railway

A train leaving Cheadle Hulme, heading south towardsHandforth

TheCrewe to Manchesterrailway was completed in May 1842 and a railway station known asCheadlewas built opposite the modern-day Hesketh Tavern. When theStafford to Manchester railwayopened in 1845, the original station closed and the presentCheadle Hulme railway stationwas built to accommodate the junction between the two railways.The road was renamed to Station Road in the same yearand the station was renamedCheadle Hulmein 1866.

The station has four platforms: two that serve the Crewe to Manchester line and the other two for the Stafford to Manchester line;there are three trains per hour northbound toManchester Piccadilly,with one train per hour southbound to each ofStoke-on-Trent,Alderley EdgeandCrewe.

Buses

Cheadle Hulme is well served by bus routes, which are operated predominantly byStagecoach Manchester.There are frequent services to and from Stockport and ManchesterPiccadilly Gardens,as well as to places such asBramhall,Cheadle,Grove Lane,Wythenshawe Hospitaland Manchester Airport.

Air

Cheadle Hulme is situated near toManchester Airport,the busiest airport in the United Kingdom outside the London area.

Education

Cheadle Hulme's first school, established in 1785, was named after local grocer Jonathan Robinson, who donated 3 acres (1.2 ha) of land on what is now Woods Lane. The school was built on what is now the corner of Woods Lane and Church Road,and was originally for the teaching of four boys and four girls.With the increasing population and theEducation Act 1870All Saints' National School was built across the road in 1873, next to All Saints' Church from which it took its name.Other schools established in the 19th century include the Grove Lane Baptist Day School, built in 1846;Cheadle Hulme Schoolin 1855;the Congregational Church School in the same year;and Ramillies Hall School in 1884.Hulme Hall Grammar Schoolwas established in 1928 (has since relocated),Queens Road Primary School opened in 1932,and the school that becameCheadle Hulme High Schoolwas built near to the site of the Jonathan Robinson School in the 1930s.

Most of the other schools in the area were established in the 1950s and 1960s, including Cheadle County Grammar School for Girls (built in 1956) which later became Margaret Danyers Sixth Form College, named after the same Danyers who was lady of the manor in the 14th century. The site is now the Cheadle campus ofCheadle and Marple Sixth Form College.In addition to the college, there are nine primary schools, two secondary schools, Cheadle Hulme High SchoolandSt. James' Catholic High School,which opened in 1980,three private schools and onespecial school,Seashell Trust.

Culture

Venues

The John Millingtonis a public house on Station Road. It was built in 1683 and was converted into a public house in 2004.It is a Grade II listed building.

The East CheshireChessClub is located on Church Roadand there are two amateur theatre societies: Players' Dramatic Society on Anfield Road,and Chads Theatre on Mellor Road.Cheadle Hulme Library, which opened on 28 March 1936, is also located on Mellor Road.Cheadle Hulme once had its own cinema named theElysian Cinema,which was located on Station Road, but this closed in March 1974. As of 2009, the closest cinemas to Cheadle Hulme are approximately 3 miles (5 km) away in Stockport (Red Rock) and theParrs Woodentertainment centre, both leisure complexes which include restaurants, bars, bowling and fitness facilities.

Cheadle Hulme is also home to many public houses and restaurants that serve a variety of cuisine, including Indian, Chinese and Italian.The John Millington, a Grade IIlisted building,was formerlyMillington Hall,built for StockportaldermanJohn Millington.A row of cottages near to the hall served as a meeting place for localMethodistsfrom 1814, before a purpose-built chapel was established. A Sunday school was also established in the same place.The King's Hall was built in 1937 and was originally a dance hall before its conversion into a restaurant and public house.

Fitness and leisure facilities

Club Cheadle Hulme, which is attached to Cheadle Hulme High School, contains a large sports hall, a dance studio, anastro-turfpitch and gym equipment.Manchester Rugby Club is located on Grove Lane in Cheadle Hulme, as is Cheadle Hulme Cricket Club, which was established in 1881,and asquashclub.There is also alacrosseclub "Cheadle Hulme Lacrosse Club" which was established in 1893,abadmintonclub,and a sports club off Turves Road called the Ryecroft Sports Club, which hastenniscourts and abowlinggreen.The Bowmen of Bruntwood (Stockport's only archery club) is situated in Bruntwood Park. The local 11-a-side football team 'Cheadle Hulme Athletic' was established in 2009 and is currently playing in Division 2 of the Stockport District Sunday Football League.'Cheadle Hulme Galaxy FC' was established in 2013 and are currently playing in Division 2 of the Stockport District Sunday Football League.

Religion

All Saints' Church on Church Road, was built in 1863. It was designed in aVictorianGothicstyle, and became the parish church in 1868.

The oldest reference to Methodist meetings in the area dates to 1786and regular services took place from the early 19th century when they established their own meeting placeswith a Methodist church and Sunday school built in 1824.Grove Lane Baptist Church was built in 1840.Anglican worshippers used the Jonathan Robinson School from 1861 for services and in 1863 All Saints Church was built on Church Road.Seven years later the Congregational Church opened on Swann Lane, after services were held in the school room which was built a year earlier.In 1932 a second Anglican church was built: St Andrew's Church was founded as a daughter church ofSt Mary's Church, Cheadle.During theSecond World War,Roman Catholic services were held in the King's Hall on Station Road, and in 1952 St Ann's Church was opened on Vicarage Avenue.Grove Lane Baptist Church was rebuilt in the late 1990sand Emmanuel Church, opened in 1966 near Bruntwood Park, moved to a new building in 2001.

Notable people

See also:List of people from Stockport

Actors and actresses from the area includeTim McInnerny,best known for his roles inBlackadderasLord PercyandCaptain Darling,and Kirsten Cassidy, best known for playing Tanya Young inGrange Hill.Other notable people from the area include blues musicianJohn Mayall;mathematicianPatrick du Val;violinistJennifer Pike;marine biologist Steven G Wilson, poetJulian Turner;John Davenport Siddeley,a captain of the automobile industry;James Kirk (VC);DameFelicity Peake,founder of theWomen's Royal Air Force;andStuart Pilkington,a housemate inBig Brother2008.

See also

• Listed buildings in Cheadle and Gatley

Bibliography

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