Chernihiv Governorate
Chernihiv Governorate Чернігівська губернія | |||||||||||||||||||
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Governorate of theUkrainian Stateand theUkrainian SSR | |||||||||||||||||||
1918–1925 | |||||||||||||||||||
![]() Chernihiv Governorate | |||||||||||||||||||
Capital | Chernihiv | ||||||||||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||||||||||
• (1897) | 52,396 km2(20,230 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||||||||
• (1897) | 2,298,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||||||
• Established | 27 February 1918 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1 August 1925 | ||||||||||||||||||
Political subdivisions | counties: 18 (1918–1919) 11 (1919–1923) okruhas: 5 (1923–1925) | ||||||||||||||||||
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Today part of | Chernihiv Oblast Kyiv Oblast Bryansk Oblast Kursk Oblast Gomel Region |
Chernigov Governorate Черниговская губерния | |||||||||
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Governorateof theRussian Empire(1802–1917), and theUkrainian People's Republic(1917–1918) | |||||||||
1802–1918 | |||||||||
![]() Location in the Russian Empire | |||||||||
Capital | Chernihiv | ||||||||
Area | |||||||||
• (1897) | 52,396 km2(20,230 sq mi) | ||||||||
Population | |||||||||
• (1897) | 2,298,000 | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Established | 27 February 1802 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1 August 1918 | ||||||||
Political subdivisions | uezds:15 | ||||||||
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Today part of | Chernihiv Oblast Kyiv Oblast Bryansk Oblast |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Chernigiv_gub_blank.png/220px-Chernigiv_gub_blank.png)
Chernihiv Governorate[a]was an administrative-territorial unit of theUkrainian Stateand theUkrainian SSR,existing from 1918 to 1925. It was inherited from the Russian system of territorial subdivisions that existed prior toWorld War I.Specifically,Chernigov Governorate[b]was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of theRussian Empire.It included the territory of theleft-bank Ukraineand was officially created in 1802 fromMalorossiya Governoratewith its capital in Chernigov (Chernihiv). Little Russia Governorate was transformed into the General Government of Little Russia and consisted of Chernigov Governorate,Poltava Governorate,and laterKharkov Governorate.
Chernigov Governorate borders are roughly consistent with the modernChernihiv Oblast,but also included a large section ofSumy Oblastand smaller sections of theKyiv Oblastof Ukraine, in addition to most of theBryansk Oblastof Russia.
Administrative division
[edit]When part of the Russian Empire, the governorate consisted of 15uyezds(their administrative centres in brackets):
- Borznyansky Uyezd(Borzna)
- Glukhovsky Uezd(Hlukhiv)
- Gorodnyansky Uyezd(Gorodnya/Horodnia)
- Kozeletsky Uyezd(Kozelets)
- Konotopsky Uyezd(Konotop)
- Krolevetsky Uyezd(Krolevets)
- Mglinsky Uyezd(Mglin)
- Nezhinsky Uyezd(Nezhin/Nizhyn)
- Novgorod-Seversky Uyezd(Novgorod-Seversky/Novhorod-Siverskyi)
- Novozybkovsky Uyezd(Novozybkov)
- Ostyorsky Uyezd(Ostyor/Oster)
- Sosnitsky Uyezd(Sosnitsa/Sosnytsia)
- Starodubsky Uyezd(Starodub)
- Surazhsky Uyezd(Surazh)
- Chernigovsky Uyezd(Chernigov/Chernihiv)[1]
Of these, 11 were in territory inhabited by Ukrainians: Borzna, Hlukhiv, Horodnia, Kozelets, Konotop, Krolovets, Nizhyn, Novhorod-Siverksyi, Oster, Sosnytsia, and Chernihiv.[2]
Chernigov Governorate covered a total area of 52,396 km², and had a population of 2,298,000, according to the1897 Russian Empire census.In 1914, the population was 2,340,000. In 1918 it became part of Ukraine and transformed into Chernihiv Governorate.
As part of the Ukrainian State and the Ukrainian SSR, the governorate consisted of 18 counties (povits):
- Borzna County
- Hlukhiv County
- Horodnya County
- Homel County (added from theMogilev Governorate)
- Kozelets County
- Konotop County
- Krolevets County
- Nizhyn County
- Novhorod-Siversky County
- Oster County
- Putyvl County (added from theKursk Governorate)
- Rylsk County (added from theKursk Governorate)
- Sosnytsia County
- Chernihiv County
- Mhlyn County
- Novozybkiv County
- Starodub County
- Surazh County
In 1919, the northern Mhlyn, Novozybkiv, Starodub, and Surazh counties, with their mixed Ukrainian–Belarusian–Russian population, were transferred from Ukraine to the newly establishedGomel Governorateof the Russian republic.[2]
In 1925, the governorate’s territory was redistributed amongHlukhiv,Konotop,Nizhyn,andChernihivdistricts (okruhas).[2]
Principal cities
[edit]At the times of the Russian Census of 1897:
- Nezhin– 32,113 (Ukrainian – 21,733, Jewish – 7,578, Russian – 2,366)
- Chernigov– 27,716 (Ukrainian – 10,085, Jewish – 8,780, Russian – 7,985)
- Konotop– 18,770 (Ukrainian – 10,290, Jewish – 4,415, Russian – 3,565)
- Novozybkov– 15,362 (Russian – 11,055, Jewish – 3,787, Belarusian – 303)
- Hlukhiv– 14,828 (Ukrainian – 8,621, Jewish – 3,837, Russian – 2,217)
- Borzna– 12,526 (Ukrainian – 10,846, Jewish – 1,515, Russian – 109)
- Starodub– 12,381 (Russian – 7,255, Jewish – 4,897, Ukrainian – 133)
- Krolevets– 10,384 (Ukrainian – 8,328, Jewish – 1,815, Russian – 209)
- Berezna– 9,922 (Ukrainian – 8,349, Jewish – 1,354, Russian – 144)
- Novgorod-Seversky– 9,182 (Ukrainian – 4,884, Jewish – 2,941, Russian – 1,296)
- Mglin– 7,640 (Russian – 4,840, Jewish – 2,675, Belarusian – 75)
- Sosnytsia– 7,087 (Ukrainian – 5,068, Jewish – 1,840, Russian – 158)
- Korop– 6,262 (Ukrainian – 5,309, Jewish – 865, Russian – 77)
- Oster– 5,370 (Ukrainian – 3,229, Jewish – 1,596, Russian – 399)
- Kozelets– 5,141 (Ukrainian – 2,834, Jewish – 1,632, Russian – 468)
- Pogar– 4,965 (Russian – 3,800, Jewish – 1,159, Germans – 6)
- Gorodnya– 4,310 (Ukrainian – 2,349, Jewish – 1,248, Russian – 604)
- Surazh– 4,006 (Jewish – 2,400, Belarusian – 978, Russian – 559)
- Novoye Mesto– 1,488 (Russian – 1,421, Jewish – 67)
Language
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/1897_Gov_Chernigov_ethno.jpg/280px-1897_Gov_Chernigov_ethno.jpg)
At the time of the Imperial census of 1897.[3]Inboldare languages spoken by more people than the state language.
Language | Number | percentage (%) | males | females |
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Ukrainian | 1,526,072 | 66.41 | 747,721 | 778,351 |
Russian | 495,963 | 21.58 | 236,842 | 259,121 |
Belarusian | 151,465 | 6.59 | 73,691 | 77,774 |
Yiddish | 113,787 | 4.95 | 54,724 | 59,063 |
German | 5,306 | 0.23 | 2,664 | 2,642 |
Polish | 3,302 | 0.14 | 1,775 | 1,527 |
Persons that didn't name their native language |
74 | >0.01 | 32 | 42 |
Other[4] | 1,885 | >0.01 | 1,247 | 638 |
Total | 2,297,854 | 100 | 1,118,696 | 1,179,158 |
Notable people
[edit]- Elizaveta I. Gnevusheva(1916-1994), historian, orientalist, university lecturer, publicist
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Генеральная карта Черниговской губерніи Съ показаніемъ почтовыхъ и большихъ проъзжихъ дорогъ, станціи и разстоянія между оными верстъ – Ст. Петербургъ, 1829.(in Russian)(Page title read as: "General map of the Chernihiv province. St. Petersburg, 1829." )
- ^abc"Chernihiv gubernia".Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine.2001 [1984].Retrieved28 May2020.
- ^Language Statistics of 1897Archived22 June 2011 at theWayback Machine(in Russian)
- ^Languages, number of speakers which in all gubernia were less than 1000
External links
[edit]- Chernihiv Governorate.Encyclopedia of Ukraine.
- Chernigov Guberniya– Article inBrockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary(in Russian)
- Chernigov Governorate– Historical coat of arms(in Ukrainian and English)
- States and territories established in 1918
- States and territories disestablished in 1925
- States and territories established in 1802
- States and territories disestablished in 1918
- Governorates of the Russian Empire
- 1802 establishments in the Russian Empire
- 1918 disestablishments in Russia
- 1918 establishments in Ukraine
- 1925 disestablishments in Ukraine
- Political history of Ukraine
- Governorates of Ukraine