Chin Na

Chin Na

Also known as	BắtLấy,Qinna
Focus	Grappling
Country of origin	China
Meaning	Capture and hold

Qin Na(Chinese:Bắt;pinyin:qínná;Wade–Giles:ch'in na) is the set ofjoint locktechniques used in theChinese martial artsto control or lock an opponent's joints or muscles/tendons so they cannot move, thus neutralizing the opponent's fighting ability.Qin Na Shu(Chinese:Thuật;pinyin:shùmeaning "technique" ) literally translates aslock catch technique.Some schools simply use the wordna( "hold" ) to describe the techniques. Qinna features both standing and ground-basedgrapplingtechniques.

SomeChinese martial artsinstructors focus more on theirQin Natechniques than others. This is one of the many reasons why theqinnaof one school may differ from that of another.All martial arts containqinnatechniques in some degree. The southern Chinese martial arts have more developedQin Natechniques than northern Chinese martial systems. The southern martial arts have much more prevalent reliance on hand techniques which causes the practitioner to be in closer range to their opponent. There are over 700Qin Natraditional techniques found in all martial arts. In the Non-Temple White Crane style there are 150-200qinnatechniques alone. Along withFu gian White Crane,styles such as NorthernEagle Claw (Ying Jow Pai)andTiger Claw (Fu Jow Pai)haveqinnaas their martial focus and tend to rely on these advanced techniques.

There is no universally accepted systemized form ofQin Na.Instead, each school varies depending on the instructor's training and/or personal preference of focus.

Techniques

While techniques ofqinnaare trained to some degree by mostmartial artsworldwide, many Chinese martial arts are famous for their specialization in such applications. Styles such asEagle Claw(Yīng zhua quán ưng trảo quyền ), which includes 108qinnatechniques, Praying Mantis (Tánglángquán bọ ngựa quyền ), the Tiger Claw techniques ofHung Gar( Hồng gia ), andShuai Jiaoare well known examples.

Qinnacan generally be categorized (in Chinese) as:

1. "Fen jin" or "zhua jin" (dividing the muscle/tendon, grabbing the muscle/tendon).Fenmeans "to divide",zhuais "to grab" andjinmeans "tendon, muscle, sinew". They refer to techniques which tear apart an opponent's muscles or tendons.
2. "Cuo gu" (misplacing the bone).Cuomeans "wrong, disorder" andgumeans "bone". Cuo gu therefore refer to techniques which put bones in wrong positions and is usually applied specifically to joints.
3. "Bi qi" (sealing the breath).Bimeans "to close, seal or shut" andqi,or more specificallykong qi,meaning "air". "Bi qi" is the technique of preventing the opponent from inhaling. This differs from mere strangulation in that it may be applied not only to the windpipe directly but also to muscles surrounding the lungs, supposedly to shock the system into a contraction which impairs breathing.
4. "Dian mai" or "dian xue" (sealing the vein/artery or acupressure cavity). Similar to the Cantonesedim mak,these are the technique of sealing or striking blood vessels and chi points.
5. "Rou dao" or "rou shu dao" (soft techniques) which generally refers to the techniques deemed safe for sparring and/or training purposes.

Qinmeans to capture or lock,nameans to grab or hold, and while those actions are very often executed in that order, the actions can be performed distinctly in training and self-defense: a trap isn't always followed by a lock or break, and a lock or break is not necessarily set up by a trap.

There is quite a bit of overlap betweenqinnatheory and technique with the branches ofTraditional Chinese Medicineknown astui na( đẩy noa ) as well as the use of offensive and defensiveqigongas an adjunct ofqinnatraining in some styles.

See also

• Fu Jow Pai
• Nam Pai Tong Long
• Shuai Jiao
• Tanglangquan
• Ying Jow Pai
• Jujutsu
• Judo
• Aikido

External links

• Authentic Shaolin Chin Na - Liu Jin Sheng. CHIN NA FA: Skill of Catch and Hold /Shanghai, 1936 (Translated from Chinese)
• Chen-style taijiquan's characteristicqinnatechnique