Jump to content

China Southern Airlines

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"China Southern" redirects here. For the geographical region, seeSouth China.
For the university with the same Chinese abbreviation name, seeNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
China Southern Airlines
IATA ICAO Callsign
CZ CSN CHINA SOUTHERN
Founded1 July 1988;36 years ago(1988-07-01)
Hubs
Secondary hubs
Focus cities
Frequent-flyer programSky Pearl Club
Subsidiaries
Fleet size662
Destinations237[1]
Parent companyChina Southern Air Holding
Traded as
HeadquartersGuangzhou,Guangdong
Key peopleHan Wen Sheng (Vice Chairman &President)
Ma Xu Lun (Chairman)
RevenueIncreaseCN¥127.806 billion(2017)[2]
Operating incomeIncreaseCN¥8.798 billion (2017)[2]
Net incomeIncreaseCN¥9.156 billion (2017)[2]
Total assetsIncreaseCN¥149.14 billion (2017)[2]
Total equityIncreaseCN¥62.543 billion (2017)[2]
Employees100,000 (2015–2016)[3]
Website
China Southern Airlines
Simplified ChineseTrung Quốc phương nam hàng không
Traditional ChineseTrung Quốc phương nam hàng không
China Southern Airlines Company Limited
Simplified ChineseTrung QuốcPhương namHàng khôngCổ phầnCông ty
Traditional ChineseTrung Quốc phương nam hàng không công ty cổ phần
Literal meaningChina Southern Airlines, Company Limited by Shares
Second alternative Chinese name
ChinesePhương nam hàng không
Literal meaningSouthern Airlines
Third alternative Chinese name
ChineseNamHàng

China Southern Airlines(branded asChina Southern) is a major airline in China, headquartered inGuangzhou,Guangdong.It is one of the three major airlines in the country, along withAir ChinaandChina Eastern Airlines.

Established on 1 July 1988 following the restructuring ofCAAC Airlinesthat acquired and merged a number of domestic airlines, the airline became theworld's sixth-largest airline measured by passengers carriedand Asia'slargest airline in fleet size,revenue,and passengers carried. It’s the 9th largest airline by brand market in the world. With its main hubs atGuangzhou Baiyun International AirportandBeijing Da xing International Airport,the airline operates more than 2,000 flights to more than 200 destinations daily and was a member ofSkyTeamuntil 1 January 2019. The airline started a frequent flyer program partnership withAmerican Airlinesin March 2019. The logo of the airline consists of akapokflower (which is also the city flower of Guangzhou) on a blue tail fin.[4]The company slogan isFly towards your dreams.

The parent company of China Southern Airlines Company Limited is China Southern Air Holding Company, a state-owned enterprise that is supervised by theState-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commissionof the State Council.

History and development[edit]

See also:CAAC Airlines

Founding[edit]

In 1984, the Chinese government disclosed the decision to decentralise theCAAC.Formed in 1949, CAAC was an all-encompassing organisation responsible forcivil aviation in Chinaas it was tasked with passenger transport, resource development and survey work, air traffic control, aircraft maintenance and personnel training. The decentralisation decision would result in numerous regional airlines, with four main carriers to be responsible for the majority of international and domestic air traffic:Air China,China Southern Airlines,China Eastern AirlinesandChina Southwest Airlines;CAAC itself would be rationalised into aregulatory and administrative organisation.[5]

In 1988, CAAC granted its seven regional divisions, among which was the Guangzhou Regional Administration, limited operating autonomy with the status of "associate" airlines. China Southern Airlines began flying under its own name and livery in February 1991. At this time, the aircraft operated some 160 flights a day on 100 routes using theAntonov An-24,Boeing 737andBoeing 757,along with helicopters and agricultural aircraft.[6][7][8]In December 1992, the airline placed a US$800-million order for sixBoeing 777sand the associated spare parts and training.[9]

The airline completed its decentralisation from CAAC when it gained independence on 10 October 1993. As such, the airline could from then on restructure itself into shareholding enterprises, independently arrange external financing and establish subsidiaries to complement its core enterprise.[10]During the airline's early years, the carrier was the dominant domestic carrier. Together with the two major airlines of China – Air China and China Eastern – the airline handled half of passenger traffic carried by all Chinese carriers. Owing to Air China's status as the country'sflag carrier,the airline is entitled to extensive international service rights, with China Eastern and China Southern's international networks confined to mainly East Asia and within Asia, respectively. Like other Chinese carriers, China Southern was subjected to CAAC's exclusive right to grant operating rights for every prospective route as well as to regulate domestic prices.[11]

Expansion[edit]

To raise its operating standards and distance itself from mostly unprofitable second and third tiers domestic airlines, the carrier signed agreements with a number of foreign carriers regarding staff training andaircraft maintenance,with the ultimate aim of being listed on theNew York Stock Exchange,possibly as soon as early 1995.[12]

Starting in the mid-1990s, China Southern sought to expand its international reach beyond Asia. In December 1995, the Chinese and US governments signed an aviation agreement that would allow the commencement of non-stop air services between the two countries.[13]After having been granted the right to establish services toAmsterdamin early 1996, the airline started Guangzhou–Beijing–Amsterdam, its firstlong-haulroute, in November 1996. The following year, the carrier commenced non-stop trans-Pacific services to Los Angeles, as well as services toBrisbane.[14]

The start of European and American services coincided with the arrival of the long-range Boeing 777s, the first of which was delivered in late December 1995, as well as a general expansion and upgrade of the carrier's fleet and the associated facilities. Due to engine certification and labor relations issues, the delivery of the first Boeing 777 was more than a month behind schedule. As a result, the carrier considered, but ultimately decided against, leasing theBoeing 747-400,which would have been used to cover anticipated delays as well as to launch trans-Pacific services to the US.[15][16][17][18]Nevertheless, the airline planned to double its fleet of 67 aircraft. In April 1996, the Chinese government would place an order, on China Southern's behalf, for 10 Airbus A320s; the delivery of the first aircraft, and China Southern's first Airbus, was made the following year.[19][20]Guangzhou Aircraft Maintenance Engineering Company,which was jointly established withLockheed Aircraft Services InternationalandHutchinson Whampoa,was carrying out expansion of its aircraft maintenance facilities in anticipation of the increase.[21]

To keep pace with fast developments, China Southern raised capital, becoming listed on theHong KongandNew York Stock Exchangesin July 1997, and raising $600–$700 million. Much of the funds raised were used to facilitate the airline's fleet expansion, repayment of debt, and investments in other capital;[22]it followed up with domestic listing in 2003 at theShanghai Stock Exchange.[23]By 1997, the airline, along with its joint-venture airlinesXiamen Airlines,Shantou Airlines and Guangxi Airlines, was carrying some 15 million passengers per year using about 90 aircraft, operating about 270 routes among 68 destinations and almost 2,450 flights per week. The airline group's revenue totalled some US$1.4 billion with a net income of $90 million.[24][25]

Mergers and acquisitions[edit]

The end of the 1990s was a period of consolidation for the Chinese airline industry. Initially, China Southern looked to acquire several smaller non-profitable domestic carriers as it sought to highlight its expansion plans in an effort to raise funds; among the deals was the purchase of 60% shares of Guizhou Airlines.[26][27]Due to the weakening economy amidst the1997 Asian financial crisisand intense competition among the some 30 Chinese carriers, in 1998,CAACconsidered a comprehensive restructuring of the industry that would see the consolidation of the airlines into three or five carrier groups.[28][29]At one stage, it was reported that CAAC was contemplating a forced merger of Air China and China Southern. Given the latter's dual listing in Hong Kong and New York, it was thought that such a merger would have eased Air China's path towards its own share offering. China Southern confirmed that such talks between them were occurring, although they ultimately proved fruitless. Had the merger proceeded, their combined fleets would have numbered some 250 aircraft, which would have made the resultant airline the largest in Asia.[30][31][32]

Although there was considerable resistance to CAAC's call to rationalise the industry, in July 2000, the administrative body announced that the ten airlines under its direct management will be merged into three airline groups, revolving around Air China, China Eastern Airlines and China Southern itself.[28]Within a month, China Southern had started absorbingZhengzhou-basedZhongyuan Airlines,which at the time operated five Boeing 737s and twoXian Y-7turboprops.[33]The carrier would later merge withShenyang-basedChina Northern AirlinesandUrumqi-basedXin gian g Airlinesto form China Southern Air Holding Co., a process that took more than two years and would culminate in China Southern's acquisition of their US$2 billion's worth of assets (as well as $1.8 billion of debt) in November 2004. Consequently, China Southern's fleet expanded from some 140 aircraft to over 210. The takeovers meant that the carrier became the main airline at Shenyang and Ürümqi, with passenger numbers' jumping from 28.2 million in 2004 to 44.1 million in 2005.[34]As a result, China Southern Airlines became one of the "Big Three" carriers in the country. Since then, it has successively taken over shareholding stocks and joined the equity in numerous Chinese carriers. The airline is the major shareholder ofXiamen Airlines(55%) andChongqing Airlines(60%); it also invests inSichuan Airlines(39%).[35]

Amidst the major consolidation of the airline industry, China Southern in April 2000 started dedicated cargo services fromShenzhenusing a Boeing 747-200F (which was quickly upgraded to the Boeing 747-400F)wet-leasedfromAtlas Air.To capitalise on the economic growth of thePearl River Deltaregion (which includes Hong Kong), the carrier constructed a dedicated cargo centre in Shenzhen.[36]Successful operations prompted an order for two Boeing 747-400Fs the following year.[37]The airline by now had commenced operations toSydneyandMelbourne.[38]

In September 2003, China Southern signed a purchase agreement for fourAirbus A330-200s,to be delivered from 2005. This was part of the order placed in April by the China Aviation Supplies Imp. & Exp. Group covering 30 aircraft.[39]China Southern became the first mainland Chinese A330 operator with the delivery of the first example February 2005.[40]China Southern followed up in September 2005 with a further order for eight A330-300s and two A330-200s.[41]

The month of January 2005 proved to be significant forcivil aviation in Chinain general and China Southern in particular. In preparation for the2008 Summer Olympicsin Beijing, China Southern and the Chinese government placed several landmark widebody-aircraft orders from Airbus and Boeing. More specifically, on 28 January 2005, the carrier became the first (and so far the only) Chinese carrier to commit to theAirbus A380double-deck aircraft, when it signed a general-terms agreement for five examples worth US$1.4 billion at catalogue prices.[42][43]On the same day, China Southern, along with five other domestic carriers, placed a bulk order for 60 Boeing 7E7s (later renamed theBoeing 787 Dreamliner). The aircraft were worth $7.2 billion at list prices, and the first example was expected to be delivered in time for the Olympics;[44]however, the first aircraft did not arrive until June 2013.[45]

Earlier during the month, the CAAC had approved the temporary operations of charter flights between mainland China and Taiwan. On the same day as the widebody orders, a China Southern Airlines Boeing 777–200 took off from Guangzhou and landed inTaipeithe following day, becoming the first mainland Chinese aircraft to land in theRepublic of Chinasince 1949, when theKuomintangwere involved inChinese Civil Warwith theChinese Communist Party.The flight carried 242 passengers home after theLunar New Year.Previously, passengers travelling between the mainland and Taiwan had to transit through a third port such as Hong Kong orMacau.[46][47]Within three years, in July 2008, a China Southern Airlines Airbus A330 carrying 230 tourists[48]again landed in Taipei.[49]The governments of China and Taiwan had both agreed to allow direct flights across theTaiwan Straitin June, ending six decades of limited air travel between the two sides. Following the flight, China Southern Airlines Chairman and pilot of the flight, Liu Shaoyong, said, "From today onward, regular commercial flights will replace the rumbling warplanes over the skies of the Taiwan Strait, and relations between the two sides will become better and better."[48][49]

Following two years of negotiations which had started in August 2004, China Southern in late June 2006 signed an agreement withSkyTeam,one of the three globalairline alliances,formally pledging itself to the improvement of standards with the aim of its eventual joining. According to the agreement, the airline committed to the upgrade of handling services, facilities and training of at least 75% of its staff to SkyTeam's standards.[50][51]On 15 November 2007, China Southern officially joined SkyTeam, becoming the eleventh carrier to join the grouping and the first mainland Chinese carrier to join an airline alliance. The welcoming ceremony was attended by high-ranking Chinese government and SkyTeam corporate officials and was held at theGreat Hall of the People.[52]The carrier's integration with the alliance continued with its entry into SkyTeam Cargo in November 2010,[53]and its joint-venture carrier Xiamen Airlines' formal joining in November 2012. With China Eastern's ascension in June 2011, SkyTeam furthered its leading presence on the mainland Chinese market; the remaining Big Three carrier, Air China, is a member ofStar Alliance.[54][55]

It followed up with another Airbus order on 7 July 2006, when it confirmed a deal covering the purchase of 50 moreA320narrow bodies for delivery from 2009.[56]The order included 13 A319-100s, 20 A320-200s and 17 A321-200s, reportedly worth $3.3 billion at list price.[57]In December 2005, China Southern Airlines along with CASGC, announced an order with Boeing for 9Boeing 737-700sand 11 Boeing 737-800s.

In June 2006, China Southern Airlines confirmed another order of 3 Boeing 737-700s and 7 Boeing 737-800s. The deliveries would continue through 2010.[58]On 18 October 2006, China Southern Airlines placed an order for 6Boeing 777freighters, striding forward a brand new step in its cargo development.[59]The aircraft would be delivered from November 2008 to July 2010.

On 20 August 2007, China Southern Airlines announced its intention for an order of 25Boeing 737-700sand 30Boeing 737-800s,which will be delivered from May 2011 to October 2013.[60]It was a mere two months before, on 23 October 2007, China Southern Airlines announced that it had placed an order for 10 additionalAirbus A330-200s.The order has a listed price of US$1.677 billion and the aircraft will be delivered from March 2010 to August 2012.[61]

China Southern Airlines office inMelbourne

Recent developments[edit]

During 2009, China Southern Airlines remodeled its strategy from a point to point hub to a full hub and spoke carrier, which has been proven successful. Along with that, the airline has rapidly expanded its international market share, particularly in Australia, where passenger numbers in 2011 have been 97% greater than in 2010.[62]

On 21 January 2010, China Southern Airlines announced an order for an additional 20 A320-200s, scheduled for delivery from 2011, due to the falling fuel costs and surging passenger demand.[63]In March 2010, the Chinese carrier issued new shares in Hong Kong and Shanghai 2010 to raise 10.75 billion yuan ($1.57 billion) in a bid to pay off outstanding loans.[64]In December, CNY810 million ($121.5 million) was injected by China Southern Airlines into its subsidiaryXiamen Airlinesto fund its fleet expansion.[65]In November 2010, China Southern Airlines signed an agreement with Airbus for the purchase of six A330s and 30 A320s–200.[66]

On 11 January 2011, China Southern Airlines announced a lease for 10 Embraer E-190, set to be delivered from the second half of 2011. On 27 January 2011, China Southern Airlines was awarded a four-star ranking bySkytrax.It is the largest airline to hold this title.[67]On 17 October 2011, China Southern Airlines made its first flight with theAirbus A380.Initially, the airline deployed the A380s on domestic routes, flying between Guangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong. At the same time, the carrier conducted negotiations to commence A380 international services. Due to the government-imposed limitation which confined an international route to a single airline, China Southern in August 2012 announced its intention to initiate Beijing-Paris services in cooperation with Air China, pending government approval. Two months later, the A380 was deployed on Guangzhou-Los Angeles services.[68]Early A380 operations were unprofitable and the aircraft, underutilised; services to Sydney were thus launched in October 2013.[69]By May 2013, talks with Air China on Beijing-Paris services had ceased.[70]

While China Southern, like the other Big Three[specify]Chinese carriers, had been expanding rapidly since 2000, much of their activities had been focused on the domestic market.[71]With the increase in outflow of Chinese tourists, who in 2012 for example spent $102 billion internationally,[72]as well as the rapid construction and introduction ofhigh-speed rail in China,the carrier shifted its outlook overseas in order to sustain growth.[71]Owing to the location of its hub at Guangzhou, which hinders the airline effectively serving the North American market, the airline concentrated its international expansion on Australasia. In June 2012, with the inauguration of services fromGuangzhoutoLondon-Heathrow,the airline started marketing its services connecting Europe and Australia as the "Canton Route",[73][74]an alternative to theKangaroo Routeflown by carriers such as Qantas. It hoped to attract the predominantly business traffic that travel between Europe and Australia, and channel such sixth-freedom traffic as well as traffic from mainland China through its Guangzhou hub (thereby transforming the carrier's network from one that emphasises point-to-point to a hub-and-spoke system).[75][76]The carrier by now had added cities such asAuckland,Istanbul,Perth,andVancouverto its route map.[73][77][78]

During May–June 2012, China Southern Airlines has recruited Dutch flight attendants to serve the First and Business class sections for flights from Guangzhou to Amsterdam.[79]

On 7 June 2013, China Southern Airlines began operating its first Boeing 787.[citation needed]

In early 2015 it was announced that the airline would lease 24 Airbus A320neo aircraft fromAerCapfor delivery between 2016 and 2019.[80]

On 15 November 2018, the airline announced that it would leave SkyTeam by 1 January 2019 and will strengthen its partnership withAmerican Airlinesand others.[81]The announcement lead to speculation that it will join Oneworld alongside Hong Kong carrier Cathay Pacific. Various media outlets reported that while analysts predict that its Oneworld move could threaten Cathay Pacific's position in the alliance, other analysts states that China Southern joining Oneworld would benefit Cathay more due to different target markets.[82]

In March 2019, the airline announced a frequent flyer partnership withAmerican Airlines.[83]Currently, the airline plans for more flexible tie-ups with other carriers, mostly with Oneworld members such as Qatar Airways while not joining the alliance 'for a few years' in order to fulfill its dream as 'world's largest airline'.[84]On 26 September 2019, China Southern operates atBeijing Da xing International Airportalongside its former and current partners, and all of its flights to and from Beijing are transferred to Da xing on 25 October 2020.

In November 2022, China Southern scheduled their lastAirbus A380flights prior to their planned retirement.[citation needed]

Corporate affairs[edit]

Business trends[edit]

The key trends for the China Southern Airlines Group are (as of the financial year ending December 31):

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Revenue (RMBb) 99.5 98.5 108 111 114 127 143 154 92.5 101 87 160
Net profit(RMB b) 3.7 2.7 2.3 4.8 5.8 6.8 3.3 3.0 −11.8 −11.0 −33.7 −2.9
Number of employees 73,668 80,175 82,132 82,132 93,132 100,831 100,831 103,876 100,431 98,098 97,899
Number of passengers (m) 86.4 91.7 100 109 114 126 139 151 96.8 98.5 62.6 142
Passenger load factor (%) 79.9 79.4 79.4 80.5 80.5 82.2 82.4 82.8 71.4 71.2 66.3 78.9
Fleet size 491 561 612 667 702 754 840 862 867 878 894
References [85] [86] [87] [88] [89] [90] [91] [92] [93] [94] [95] [96]

Ownership structure[edit]

[97] Owner Number of shares held Percentage of shares held
1 China Southern Airlines Group Co., Ltd. 9404468936 51.9
2 Nanlong Holdings Limited 2612124036 14.41
3 Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited (Agent) 1750815837 9.66
4 Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited 654597606 3.61
5 China Securities Finance Corporation Limited 320484148 1.77
6 American Airlines 270606272 1.49
7 China Aviation Oil Holding Company Limited 261685354 1.44
8 Spring Airlines Co., Ltd. 140043961 0.77
9 China State-Owned Enterprise Structural Adjustment Fund Co., Ltd. 72077475 0.4
10 GF Ruiyi Leading Mixed Securities Investment Fund 70644579 0.39

Cooperation with American Airlines[edit]

American Airlines invested $200 million in China Southern Airlines in March 2017, laying a strong foundation for a long-term relationship between two of the world's largest airlines. After the investment, American Airlines holds a 2.7% equity stake in China Southern Airlines.[98]American Airlines and China Southern are two of the world's largest airlines with complementary networks, offering customers unparalleled destinations in both the business and leisure traveler markets. The two airlines have signed codeshare and interline agreements to provide travelers with flights to more destinations in China, North and South America. The codeshare route partnership includes the ability to earn and redeem AAdvantage miles, check baggage through, and book tickets.[99]

The China Southern Air Building, the company headquarters located inGuangzhou.

Head office[edit]

China Southern is headquartered in the China Southern Air Building at 68 Qixin Road (Đồng lòng lộ) inBaiyun District,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province.[100][non-primary source needed]

It was previously at 278 Jichang (Airport) Road (Sân bay lộ) in Baiyun District.[101][102][103]

China Southern had plans to open a new headquarters facility on a 988-acre (400 ha) site on the outskirts of Guangzhou, about 4 miles (6.4 km) fromGuangzhou Baiyun International Airport.Woods Bagotwon a competition for the architect firm which would design the facility. The proposed site consists of two parcels of land on opposite sides of a highway leading to Baiyun Airport; both sites are shaped like wings. The site will have a bridge and light rail system that operates above the highway to connect the two parcels, which will each have distinct functions. For instance, the east parcel will house internal functions such as the data center facilities, staff dormitories, and the training center. The airline wants it to be aesthetically pleasing from the air since it sits below a runway approach. The site will have a lot of outdoor space, which Woods Bagot designed along with Hargreaves Associates and Sherwood Design Engineers. Jean Weng, a Woods BagotBeijing-based principal, said "Most Chinese cities are very dense and very urban, but China Southern wants to create a human-scale campus, that's close to nature."[104]The new headquarters was opened in August 2016.[citation needed]

Destinations[edit]

Overview[edit]

Main article:List of China Southern Airlines destinations

China Southern Airlines serves193 destinationsin 35 countries worldwide.[105]It maintains a strong presence in the domestic market with its main hubs atBeijing Da xing International AirportandGuangzhou Baiyun International Airportwith secondary hubs atShanghai Pudong International Airport,Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport,andÜrümqi Diwopu International Airport,along with otherfocus citiesinChangchun,Changsha,Dalian,Shenyang,Shenzhen,Wuhan,andZhengzhou.The airline plans to continue to develop Chongqing and Ürümqi as hubs as well to exploit the domestic market potential.[106]

China Southern offers 485 flights a day from itsGuangzhouhub and 221 from itsBeijinghub.[62]The airline provides services to 65 international destinations. Most of the international flights linkGuangzhouwith world cities. There are also plenty of international flights operated through Beijing, Shanghai, Ürümqi (notably to Central Asia and Middle-east) and Dalian (to Japan, South Korea, and Russia). China Southern Airlines has developed an extensive network in Southeast Asia and also has become the Chinese airline with the largest presence in Australia.[107][non-primary source needed]China Southern is also considering expanding into the South American markets, as well as further expansion into the African market.[74][non-primary source needed]

Alliance[edit]

On 28 August 2004, China Southern Airlines signed aMemorandum of Understandingwith theairline allianceSkyTeam.On 15 November 2007, the airline was officially welcomed as the 11th member of SkyTeam, becoming the firstmainland Chineseairline to join any global airline alliance,[108]expanding the alliance's presence onmainland China.

On 24 December 2018, China Southern Airlines released an official statement saying that it would discontinue its SkyTeam membership on 1 January 2019 and will also terminate its partnership withChina Eastern AirlinesandDelta Air Lines.[109][non-primary source needed]

Codeshare agreements[edit]

China Southern Airlinescodeshareswith the following airlines:[110][111]

Fleet[edit]

Current fleet[edit]

A China Southern AirlinesAirbus A330-200on short final toAmsterdam Airport Schipholin 2011
A China Southern AirlinesAirbus A350-900landing atShanghai Hongqiao International Airportin 2019
A China Southern AirlinesBoeing 777-300ERapproachingLos Angeles International Airportin 2015
A China Southern AirlinesBoeing 787-8 Dreamlinerarrives atHeathrow Airport(2015)
A China Southern AirlinesComac ARJ21-700taking off fromZhengzhou Xinzheng International Airportin 2023

As of June 2024,China Southern Airlines operates the following aircraft:[120][121]

China Southern Airlines Passenger Fleet
Aircraft In service Orders Passengers[122] Notes
B E+ E Total
Airbus A319-100 9 — 4 18 108 130[123]
Airbus A319neo 4 5[124] 4 24 108 136[125] Launch customer.[126]
Airbus A320-200 100 — 8 24 120 152
4 18 138 160
24 166
Airbus A320neo 50 17[124] 4 24 138 166
Airbus A321-200 97 — 12 24 143 179
4 18 167 189
24 195
Airbus A321neo 60 60[124] 4 24 167 195
12 18 172 200
Airbus A330-200 5 — 18 — 244 262
12 24 242 278
Airbus A330-300 26 — 30 — 253 283
28 258 286
Airbus A350-900 20 — 28 24 262 314 [124]
Boeing 737-700 19 — 4 18 106 128[127]
24 134[128]
Boeing 737-800 160 — 8 24 132 164
4 24 150 178
18 147 169
150 172
Boeing 737 MAX 8 27 41[citation needed] 4 24 150 178 [129]
Boeing 777-300ER 15 1[citation needed] 28 28 305 361[130]
Boeing 787-8 10 — 18 — 248 266
Boeing 787-9 18 2 28 28 220 276 3 orders were transferred toXiamenAir.[131]
— 269 297
Comac ARJ21-700 26 9[132] — — 90 90
Comac C919 — 105 TBA Deliveries from 2024[133]
China Southern Cargo Fleet
Boeing 777F 17 — Cargo
Total 662 240

Cargo[edit]

A China Southern CargoBoeing 777Flanding atFrankfurt Airportin 2010.

China Southern Cargo is the cargo subsidiary of China Southern Airlines. The cargo airline provides services between mainland China and North America, Europe, and Australia, where destinations such as Amsterdam, Anchorage, Chicago, Frankfurt, Los Angeles, Vancouver, Vienna, and London Stansted are served from its main hub atShanghai Pudong International Airport,with cargo flights to Amsterdam and Milan from Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport.[citation needed]

The cargo subsidiary joined theSkyTeam Cargoalliance in November 2010 and withdrew on 1 January 2019 following the airline's withdrawal fromSkyTeam.[134]

Former fleet[edit]

A former China Southern CargoBoeing 747-400F
A former China SouthernXian Y-7at Beijing Civil Aviation Museum

China Southern Airlines previously operated the following aircraft[135]

China Southern Airlines Retired Fleet
Aircraft Number Introduced Retired Notes/Refs
Airbus A300-600R 6 2004 2011
Airbus A300-600RF 1 2004 2011
Airbus A380-800 5 2011 2022 Last scheduled flights on 6 November 2022.[136]
ATR 72-500 5 2004 2011
Boeing 737-200 10 1988 2006
Boeing 737-300 36 1991 2015 Three aircraft are stored.
After retired, most aircraft were converted into freighters.[137]
Boeing 737-300QC 2 2003 2005 After retired, most aircraft were converted into freighters.
Disposed toChina Postal Airlines.
Boeing 737-500 12 1991 2009 Disposed toAerolíneas Argentinas.
Boeing 747-400F 2 2002 2022 Disposed toSF Airlines.[138]
Boeing 757-200 32 1987 2018 After retired, most aircraft were converted into freighters.
Boeing 767-300ER 6 1992 1998
Boeing 777-200 10 1995 2018
Boeing 777-200ER 6 1997 2014 Three aircraft are stored.
Embraer ERJ-145 6 2004 2013
Embraer E190 20 2011 2021[139]
McDonnell Douglas MD-82 23 2003 2008 The last one left in 2010.[140]
McDonnell Douglas MD-90-30 13 2004 2011 Disposed toDelta Air Lines.
Saab 340 4 1992 1997 Disposed toShandong Airlines.[141]
Short 360 3 Un­known 1994 One aircraft scrapped in 2002.
Remainder disposed toServicios Aéreos Profesionales.[142]
Xian Y-7 Un­known Un­known Un­known

Airbus A380[edit]

A former China Southern AirlinesAirbus A380-800

China Southern was the only Mainland Chinese airline to operate the Airbus A380. The airline initially operated these aircraft on Beijing–Hong Kong and Beijing–Guangzhou routes. However, these services struggled to be profitable. Due to the demand limitation of the airline's home base atGuangzhou Baiyun International Airport,few routes from Guangzhou have the demand to support an A380.[citation needed]In efforts to make its A380s viable, China Southern started operating A380 on its Guangzhou–Los Angelesroute and on the Guangzhou–Sydneyroute.[when?]Additionally, China Southern flew A380s toSydneyandMelbourneevery summer during its peak travel period. As of 20 June 2015, China Southern began operating the Airbus A380 from Beijing toAmsterdam.The A380 also operated four domestic flights each day between Beijing and Guangzhou. The airline's A380s were retired by November 2022.[143]

Special liveries gallery[edit]

  • Airbus A330-243 (B-6057) in 2010 Asian Games Livery
    Airbus A330-243 (B-6057) in2010 Asian GamesLivery
  • Airbus A330-323 (B-8870) in Canton Lychee Livery
    Airbus A330-323 (B-8870) inCantonLycheeLivery
  • Boeing 737-800 (B-6069) in Guizhou Livery
    Boeing 737-800 (B-6069) inGuizhouLivery
  • Boeing 787-9 Dreamliner (B-1168) with "787th Boeing 787" logo
    Boeing 787-9 Dreamliner (B-1168) with "787th Boeing 787" logo
  • Boeing 777-300ER (B-2007) in WorldSkills Livery
    Boeing 777-300ER (B-2007) inWorldSkillsLivery

Services[edit]

China Southern Airlines offers First Class (formerly), Business Class, Premium Economy and Economy Class.

First Class

China Southern Airlines offered an "Experience Luxurious Skybed" on Boeing 787-8s. It was equipped with personal privacy, in-built massage, a 17-inch personal TV and fully reclining seat. It also had First Class on Airbus A330s and Boeing 777-300ERs, which featured a seat pitch of 84 inches (210 cm) and converted into a fully flat bed with a personal TV.[144][145]

China Southern Airlines offered Premium First Class on select flights, such as on the Beijing-Guangzhou route. This cabin offered more amenities and was more spacious than Regular First Class, such as a variety of lighting options and a private storage cabinet with a password lock.[146][non-primary source needed]

Business Class

Business Class also offers a fully flat bed, and an adjustable privacy divider. It includes a USB port and a reading light. It also has a 15-inch TV.[147][needs update][non-primary source needed]

Economy Class

Economy Class features a seat and a 9-inch personal TV. It also has a multi-adjustable headrest.[148][non-primary source needed]

Premium Economy Class

China Southern also offersPremium Economy class,which is more spacious than Economy class. In most aircraft, the seats are 35–37 inches (89–94 cm), compared to 31 inches (79 cm) in Economy.[149]The Boeing 777-300ERs however, are equipped with fixed-shell premium economy seats similar to those seen on Air France's Boeing 777s.[150]

Sky Pearl Club[edit]

China Southern Airlines'sfrequent-flyer programis called Sky Pearl Club (simplified Chinese:Minh châu câu lạc bộ;traditional Chinese:Minh châu câu lạc bộ;pinyin:Míngzhū Jùlèbù;Jyutping:ming4 zyu1 keoi1 lok6 bou6). The Sky Pearl Club allows its members earn FFP mileage not only flying China Southern domestic segments but also on flights of other codeshare member airlines. Additionally, Sky Pearl Club members can earn and use mileage on partneredSichuan Airlines,China Eastern Airlines,andChina Airlinesflights. Membership of Sky Pearl Club is divided into four tiers: Sky Pearl Gold Card, Sky Pearl Silver Card, Sky Pearl Member Card and Little Pearl On The Palm Card, the first three tier are available for all adult members, but Little Pearl On The Palm Card is only available for members at age 2–11.[151][non-primary source needed]

Incidents and accidents[edit]

Controversy[edit]

Shipping of primates to laboratories[edit]

In 2013, theUnited States Department of Agriculture(USDA) found the airline had transported more than 1,000 monkeys into the United States through the arrangements ofAir Transport International,without federal permission to do so, and had transported the animals in insecure crates. The USDA ordered China Southern Airlines to pay $11,600 in fines for violations of theAnimal Welfare Act(AWA) during the airline's transport of monkeys to laboratories in the United States. Although the USDA cited Air Transport International for failure to provide food and water to the imported animals, China Southern Airlines was previously also ordered to pay $14,438 for AWA violations during one transport that left more than a dozen monkeys dead after they went without food and water for an extended period of time. Following these most recent violations, where the delivered animals were left neglected after arrival in the US, China Southern announced that it would no longer transport laboratory animals to the US.PETAhad protested against the airline for these shipments.[156][157]

10 yuan ticketing glitch[edit]

In November 2023, the airline inadvertently priced its tickets as low as 10 yuan (around $1.37) on its mobile app and travel websites likeTrip,due to a technical glitch.[158]The airline later confirmed onWeibothat the tickets sold during the two-hour window would be honored.[159]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^"China Southern Airlines on ch-aviation".ch-aviation.Retrieved9 November2023.
  2. ^abcde"China Southern Airlines Co. Ltd. – 2017 Annual Results"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved31 March2018.
  3. ^"SkyTeam – 2015 Facts and Figures"(PDF).China Southern Airlines. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 18 May 2015.Retrieved17 May2015.
  4. ^China Southern Airlines. Retrieved on 10 June 2017.Company Profile: China Southern Airlines
  5. ^"All change at CAAC".Flight International.127(3941). Surrey, UK: IPC Transport Press: 20. 5 January 1985.ISSN0015-3710.Retrieved1 October2016.
  6. ^Carey, Susan (17 May 1991). "China Southern Airlines Feels Strains of Decentralization and Rapid Growth".Wall Street Journal.
  7. ^Proctor, Paul (23 September 1991). "China Southern Invests Heavily to Meet Booming Passenger and Freight Demand".Aviation Week & Space Technology.135(12). New York: McGraw-Hill: 34.ISSN0005-2175.
  8. ^"Directory: World Airlines".Flight International.27 March 2007. p. 55.
  9. ^Cole, Jeff (18 December 1992). "Boeing Gets $700 Million Order From Chinese Airline for Six Jets".The Wall Street Journal Asia.p. 2.
  10. ^Bailey, John (13–19 October 1993)."China's 'big three' gain independence".Flight International.144(4391). London, UK: Reed Business Publishing: 9.ISSN0015-3710.Retrieved1 October2016.
  11. ^Le, Thuong T. (Winter 1997). "Reforming China's airline industry: From state-owned monopoly to market dynamism".Transportation Journal.37(2): 48, 51–52.ISSN0041-1612.JSTOR20713344.
  12. ^Kahn, Joseph; Jordan, Miriam (1 November 1994). "China's Big State Airlines Are Flying in New Direction – They Seek Operating Accords, and Possibly Funds, From Foreign Lines".Wall Street Journal.p. B4.
  13. ^"U.S., China sign accord for non-stop air service".Chicago Tribune.Associated Press. 24 December 1995. p. 11.
  14. ^For Amsterdam, see"Asian-Pacific Brief: KLM Royal Dutch Airlines".The Wall Street Journal Asia.24 June 1996. p. 4.and"Asia/Pacific report".Air Transport World.33(11). New York: Penton Media: 20. November 1996.ISSN0002-2543.
    • For Los Angeles, seeMiller, Nick (22 July 1997). "GE90 powers 1st twin-engine China-U.S. flight".Cincinnati Post.
    • For Brisbane, seeBailey, Murray (13 November 1997). "CSA set for leading aviation role".South China Morning Post.p. 2.
  15. ^"China Southern's first".Business Times.Kuala Lumpur. 2 January 1996. p. 1.
  16. ^"Interim Lease Plan".Flight International.148(4496). London, UK: Reed Business Publishing: 11. 1–7 November 1995.ISSN0015-3710.Retrieved1 October2016.
  17. ^Ionides, Nicholas (10 October 1995). "China airline set to double size of fleet".South China Morning Post.p. 10.
  18. ^"777 Model Summary".Boeing.Archivedfrom the original on 31 October 2015.Retrieved16 January2011.
  19. ^"Airbus wins order from China for planes valued at $1.5 billion".Wall Street Journal.11 April 1996. p. A4.
  20. ^"China Southern Airlines receives first A320 from Airbus".Flight International.152(4581). London, UK: Reed Business Publishing: 10. 2–8 July 1997.ISSN0015-3710.Retrieved1 October2016.
  21. ^Mecham, Michael (10 January 1994). "Gameco to grow beyond home base".Aviation Week & Space Technology.140(2). New York: McGraw-Hill: 41.ISSN0005-2175.
  22. ^"China Southern Airlines Files for Global IPO".The Wall Street Journal Asia.27 June 1997. p. 20.
  23. ^Dela Cruz, Ramoncito (28 July 2003)."Shares of China Southern Rise 44% in Shanghai Debut".Wall Street Journal.Retrieved9 October2016.
  24. ^Mackey, Michael (September 1997). "Mainland powerhouse".Air Transport World.34(9). New York: Penton Media: 27–28.ISSN0002-2543.
  25. ^Proctor, Paul (31 March 1997). "China Southern Closes on Air China for Premier Spot".Aviation Week & Space Technology.146(13). New York: McGraw-Hill: 44.ISSN0005-2175.
  26. ^Walker, Tony (30 January 1997). "China Southern eyes its country cousins".Financial Times.p. 29.
  27. ^Chan, Christine (15 April 1998). "Guizhou stake for China Southern".South China Morning Post.p. 2.
  28. ^abIonies, Nicholas (16–22 September 2003)."Bigger Is Better".Flight International.London, UK: Reed Business Publishing.ISSN0015-3710.Retrieved17 January2011.
  29. ^Wang, Xiangwei (11 March 1999). "Mergers in air after huge losses".South China Morning Post.p. 5.
  30. ^Jezioski, Andrzej (7–13 July 1999)."Beijing may force merger of Air China and China Southern".Flight International.156(4684). London, UK: Reed Business Publishing: 19.ISSN0015-3710.Retrieved9 October2016.
  31. ^"Chinese Carriers Deny Merger Talks".World Airline News.9(29): 1. 16 July 1999.
  32. ^Jasper, Chris (21–27 July 1999)."China Southern begins merger talks with Air China".Flight International.156(4686). London, UK: Reed Business Publishing: 6.ISSN0015-3710.Retrieved9 October2016.
  33. ^Jeziorski, Andrjez (8–14 August 2000)."Chinese airline mergers begin".Surrey, UK: Reed Business Publishing: 7.Retrieved9 October2016.{{cite journal}}:Cite journal requires|journal=(help)
  34. ^For start of merger, seeBrown, Owen (14 October 2002). "Chinese Airlines Announce Mergers – Flagship Carrier Air China Can Now Set Its Sights on Public Share Offer".The Wall Street Journal Asia.p. A3.
  35. ^For Xiamen Airlines, seeGe, Lena (9 December 2015)."China Southern Takes 4% Stake in Xiamen Air for 627 Million Yuan".China Aviation Daily.Retrieved11 October2016.
  36. ^Jeziors, Andrzej (22–28 August 2000)."China Southern to buy and operate 747 freighter fleet".Flight International.158(4743). London, UK: Reed Business Publishing.Retrieved11 October2015.
  37. ^Ionides, Nicholas (1–7 May 2001)."China Southern orders 747s to expand cargo operation".Flight International.London, UK: Reed Business Publishing.Retrieved11 October2016.
  38. ^Hawkes, Phil (16 May 2014)."China airlines promote new kangaroo routes from Australia to Europe and North America".The Australian.Retrieved12 October2016.
  39. ^"China Southern Airlines signs purchase agreement for 4 a330-200 aircraft"(Press release). Airbus. 29 September 2003. Archived fromthe originalon 22 May 2013.Retrieved21 October2011.
  40. ^"China Southern Airlines receives first A330-200 aircraft"(Press release). Airbus. 28 February 2005.Retrieved21 October2011.[permanent dead link]
  41. ^"China Southern Airlines jointly with CASGC orders ten additional Airbus A330s"(Press release). Airbus. 6 September 2005. Archived fromthe originalon 11 October 2016.Retrieved11 October2016.
  42. ^"China Southern Airlines Company Limited and China Aviation Supplies Imp. purchase of five A380s"(Press release). Airbus. 28 January 2005. Archived fromthe originalon 11 October 2016.Retrieved11 October2016.
  43. ^"China Southern Airlines orders five Airbus superjumbos".AP Worldstream.Associated Press. 28 January 2005.
  44. ^"Senator says Chinese airlines to order 60 7E7s".USA Today.Associated Press. 28 January 2016. Archived fromthe originalon 11 November 2016.Retrieved11 October2016.
  45. ^Cantle, Katie (3 June 2013)."China Southern Airlines takes delivery of first 787".Air Transport World.Retrieved11 October2016.
  46. ^"China Approves Charter Flights to Taiwan".The Wall Street Journal Asia.19 January 2005. p. A2.
  47. ^"Chinese jet makes historic Taiwan flight".USA Today.28 January 2005.Retrieved17 January2011.
  48. ^ab"China-Taiwan direct flights begin".Fox News. 3 July 2008.Retrieved17 January2011.
  49. ^ab"Direct flights between China and Taiwan start".The New York Times.4 July 2008.Retrieved17 January2011.
  50. ^Barling, Russell (24 May 2006). "China Southern set to join SkyTeam alliance Deal will open carrier's domestic network to global traffic".South China Morning Post.p. 2.
  51. ^Zhan, Lisheng (29 June 2006). "Airline inks deal to join SkyTeam".China Daily(North American ed.). p. 10.
  52. ^Francis, Leithen (15 November 2007)."China Southern officially joins SkyTeam".Flightglobal.Retrieved13 October2016.
  53. ^"China Southern Airlines to Join Skyteam Cargo in 2010"(Press release). SkyTeam. Archived fromthe originalon 9 January 2021.Retrieved13 October2016.
  54. ^"SkyTeam Welcomes Xiamen Airlines".SkyTeam. 21 November 2016. Archived fromthe originalon 11 January 2021.Retrieved13 October2016.
  55. ^"Xiamen Airlines to join SkyTeam in 2012, strengthening the alliance's presence in China".Centre for Aviation.18 November 2016.Retrieved13 October2016.
  56. ^"Largest Chinese airline buys 50 Airbus jets – Business – International Herald Tribune".The New York Times.31 December 1969.Retrieved20 January2011.
  57. ^"China Southern Agrees to Purchase 50 Airbus A320s (Update3)".Bloomberg. 7 July 2006.Retrieved20 January2011.
  58. ^Trung Quốc 150 giá ba âm 737 đơn đặt hàng toàn bộ xác nhận(in Chinese (China)). Boeing China. 14 September 2006. Archived fromthe originalon 19 December 2007.
  59. ^Trung Quốc phương nam hàng không công ty tuyên bố đặt hàng ba âm 777 vận tải cơ(in Chinese (China)). Boeing China. 19 October 2006. Archived fromthe originalon 19 December 2007.
  60. ^"China Southern to order 55 more 737s".Flight International.London, UK: Reed Business Publishing. 21 August 2007.Retrieved21 October2011.
  61. ^Search – Global Edition – The New York Times.International Herald Tribune (29 March 2009). Retrieved on 19 December 2010.
  62. ^ab"China Southern Current Status and Future Planning Overview as of Oct 2011".Retrieved9 May2015.
  63. ^China Southern Airlines to buy 20 Airbus A320.News.alibaba. Retrieved on 19 December 2010.
  64. ^"China Southern Airlines to Raise $1.57 Billion to Repay Loans".Bloomberg BusinessWeek.8 March 2010.Retrieved17 January2011.[dead link]
  65. ^"China Southern provides $122 million to Xiamen for fleet expansion – ATW Online".Retrieved8 September2018.
  66. ^Reed Business Information Limited."China Southern to order six A330s and 30 A320s".Retrieved9 May2015.{{cite web}}:|author=has generic name (help)
  67. ^"China Southern earns four-star ranking by SKYTRAX".Breaking Travel News.Retrieved9 May2015.
  68. ^"SkyTeam seeks clarity on proposed China Southern-Air China joint A380 operation".Centre for Aviation.21 February 2013.Retrieved16 November2016.
  69. ^"Yield pressure for China Southern Airlines as it deploys A380 to Sydney".Centre for Aviation.29 April 2013.Retrieved16 November2016.
  70. ^Chiu, Joanne (9 May 2013). "China Southern Ends Talks With Rival".Wall Street Journal.
  71. ^ab"Chinese airlines' sixth freedom roles could challenge Middle East, Asian, European hubs this decade".Centre for Aviation.26 January 2012.Retrieved11 October2016.
  72. ^Nayak, Shivali (14 July 2015)."Chinese travellers prefer independent travel, rely on online world to make choices".ABC.Retrieved11 October2016.
  73. ^ab"China Southern takes off on Canton Route".Australian Aviation.5 June 2012.Retrieved11 October2016.
  74. ^ab"China Southern Airlines Co.,LTD".csair.Archived fromthe originalon 10 June 2012.Retrieved8 September2018.
  75. ^"China Southern Airlines to move long-haul focus from growth to sustainability and partnerships".Centre for Aviation.17 April 2014.Retrieved11 October2016.
  76. ^Cantle, Katie (August 2012). "Canton Calling".Air Transport World.49(8): 22–26.
  77. ^"China Southern Airlines launches first route to Turkey".Anna.aero.1 December 2011.Retrieved12 October2016.
  78. ^"China Southern Airlines makes debut flight to Vancouver".People's Daily.16 June 2011. Archived fromthe originalon 11 October 2016.Retrieved12 October2016.
  79. ^"China Southern Airlines Co.,LTD".csair.Archived fromthe originalon 26 May 2012.Retrieved8 September2018.
  80. ^"China Southern Airlines".Airliner World:17. March 2015.
  81. ^Zakis, Klara (15 November 2018)."Update: SkyTeam and China Southern".SkyTeam.Archived fromthe originalon 16 November 2018.
  82. ^"Unlikely wingmen: Alliance with mainland carrier 'could help Cathay'".South China Morning Post.22 November 2018.Retrieved25 September2019.
  83. ^Martin, Grant (21 March 2019)."American Airlines and China Southern Launch Frequent Flyer Partnership".Skift.Retrieved22 March2019.
  84. ^"China Southern eyes world domination and puts Oneworld plans aside".South China Morning Post.23 June 2019.Retrieved25 September2019.
  85. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2012"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  86. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2013"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  87. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2014"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  88. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2015"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  89. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2016"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  90. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2017"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  91. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2018"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  92. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2019"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  93. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2020"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  94. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2021"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved10 November2023.
  95. ^"China Southern Airlines Annual Report 2022"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.Retrieved9 November2023.
  96. ^"2023 ANNUAL RESULTS"(PDF).China Southern Airlines.27 March 2024.Retrieved30 June2024.
  97. ^"Phương nam hàng không (600029) chủ yếu cổ đông _ tân lãng kinh tế tài chính _ tân lãng võng".vip.stock.finance.sina.cn.Retrieved23 February2024.
  98. ^"American Airlines ties up partnership with China Southern".BBC News.28 March 2017.Retrieved23 February2024.
  99. ^"China Southern Airlines And American Airlines to Expand Partnership-2018-China Southern Airlines Co. Ltd csair".csair.Retrieved23 February2024.
  100. ^"Annual Report 2018"(PDF).China Southern Airlines. p. 6 (PDF p. 8/279.Retrieved18 June2019.Corporate Information [...] Address: China Southern Air Building, 68 Qixin Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PRC [...] Place of Business: China Southern Air Building, 68 Qixin Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PRC
  101. ^"InvestorArchived27 November 2010 at theWayback Machine."China Southern Airlines. Retrieved on 29 October 2010." A hard copy of the Company's complete audited annual report will be provided to any shareholder without charge, upon written request to Company Secretary Office, China Southern Airlines Company Limited at 278 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, the People's Republic of China. "
  102. ^Đổng mật thơ rương(in Chinese (China)). China Southern Airlines. Archived fromthe originalon 1 January 2010.Retrieved29 October2010.Quảng Đông tỉnh Quảng Châu thị mây trắng khu sân bay lộ 278 hào Trung Quốc phương nam hàng không cổ phần công ty hữu hạn hội đồng quản trị bí thư văn phòng
  103. ^"China Southern Airlines Co. Ltd.Archived12 August 2011 at theWayback Machine"BNet. Retrieved on 21 October 2011.
  104. ^McKeough, Tim. "China Southern Builds a Woods Bagot-designed Airport City in Guangzhou."Architectural Record.21 August 2012. Retrieved on 30 August 2012.
  105. ^"SkyTeam – Fact Sheet – June 2013"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 1 October 2013.
  106. ^"China Southern to develop Chongqing, Ürümqi hubs".Retrieved9 May2015.
  107. ^"Trung Quốc phương nam hàng không cổ phần công ty hữu hạn".csair.Archived fromthe originalon 9 March 2012.Retrieved8 September2018.
  108. ^SkyTeam BenefitsArchived22 June 2007 at theWayback Machine.skyteam. Retrieved on 19 December 2010.
  109. ^"Update on China Southern and SkyTeam"(PDF).
  110. ^"Profile on China Southern Airlines".CAPA.Centre for Aviation.Archivedfrom the original on 30 October 2016.Retrieved30 October2016.
  111. ^"China Southern to keep codeshares after leaving SkyTeam".Flight Global.
  112. ^Liu, Jim (31 October 2017)."Aeroflot expands China Southern codeshare to Oceania in NW17".Routesonline.Retrieved31 October2017.
  113. ^Liu, Jim (20 July 2018)."China Southern expands Aeroflot European codeshare network from July 2018".Routesonline.Retrieved20 July2018.
  114. ^ab"AF-KLM, China Southern, Xiamen Air to form a single JV".Ch-Aviation.19 July 2018.
  115. ^"British Airways Signs Codeshare Agreement with China Southern Airlines".British Airways(Press release). London: International Airlines Group.
  116. ^"Emirates Forges Codeshare Partnership with China Southern Airlines".emirates.Retrieved1 February2019.
  117. ^Finnair and China Southern launch codeshare cooperation that brings five new destinations for Finnair customers in Chinacompany.finnair21 May 2019. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
  118. ^"Malaysia Airlines, China Southern Airlines launch codeshare flights".nst.my.6 July 2023.
  119. ^"Saudi Arabian Airlines and China Southern Airlines Sign Codeshare Agreement".aviationtribune.Archived fromthe originalon 15 January 2021.Retrieved8 September2018.
  120. ^"China Southern Fleet Details".planespotters.net.Retrieved25 September2023.
  121. ^"China Southern Fleet Details".airfleets.net.
  122. ^"Không khách (China Southern Cabin layout)".China Southern Airlines.Retrieved29 November2020.
  123. ^"Không khách".China Southern Airlines.Retrieved29 November2020.
  124. ^abcdAirbus Orders and Deliveries (XLS), monthly updated, accessed via"Orders & deliveries".Airbus.Airbus SAS. 16 June 2021.Retrieved24 September2023.
  125. ^@CSAIRGlobal (22 February 2022)."Honored and delighted to introduce our gorgeous A319 neo aircraft.Powered by CFM Leap-1A engines, #CSAirA319neo fe…"(Tweet) – viaTwitter.
  126. ^"China Southern takes first pair of A319neos".FlightGlobal.23 February 2022.
  127. ^"Ba âm".China Southern Airlines.Retrieved29 November2020.
  128. ^"Ba âm".China Southern Airlines.Retrieved29 November2020.
  129. ^"China Southern Resumes 737 MAX Urumqi International Service From Nov 2023".AeroRoutes.10 November 2023.Retrieved10 November2023.
  130. ^"B777-300ER Introduction-China Southern Airlines Co. Ltd csair".csair.Archived fromthe originalon 13 January 2023.Retrieved17 November2020.
  131. ^"Hướng Hạ Môn hàng không chuyển nhượng 3 giá B787-9 phi cơ mua sắm quyền hạng mục ngoại sính pháp luật cố vấn phục vụ thành giao kết quả công kỳ"[China Southern Airlines Co., Ltd. provided external legal counsel for the transfer of the right to purchase three B787-9 aircraft to Xiamen AirlinesAnnouncement of the results of the purchase transaction] (in Chinese). Trung Quốc phương nam hàng không cổ phần công ty hữu hạn.
  132. ^"China's top airlines to buy ARJ21 jets from COMAC".Reuters. 30 August 2019.Retrieved7 June2022.
  133. ^"China Southern Airlines orders 100 C919s".Ch-Aviation.Retrieved1 May2024.
  134. ^China Southern to join SkyTeam Cargo / March 2010 / News / HomeArchived27 July 2010 at theWayback Machine.Air Cargo World. Retrieved on 19 December 2010.
  135. ^"China Southern Airlines Fleet Details and History".planespotters.net.19 July 2017.
  136. ^"After all, China Southern Airlines will retire all five Airbus A380s before the end of 2022".MINNEWS.Retrieved21 February2022.
  137. ^Tái kiến, ông bạn già! Quốc nội cuối cùng một trận ba âm 737-300 máy bay hành khách ở Trịnh Châu giải nghệ(in Chinese (China)).163.9 May 2017.Retrieved9 May2017.
  138. ^Hình ảnh đồ văn: Ký lục GAMECO nam hàng B747 vận tải cơ giải phong _ hàng không dân dụng tin tức _ hàng không dân dụng tài nguyên võng[Photo: Record GAMECO China Southern Airlines B747 cargo aircraft unsealed] (in Chinese (China)). Carnoc.Retrieved28 August2015.
  139. ^"China Southern Airlines ends E190 operations".CH Aviation.Retrieved21 April2021.
  140. ^Nam hàng hải nam chi nhánh công ty vui vẻ đưa tiễn cuối cùng một trận MD82 hình phi cơ ly quỳnh(in Chinese (China)). Carnoc. 4 May 2010.Retrieved4 May2010.
  141. ^"Saab 340 in the history of China Southern Airlines".Retrieved17 June2021.
  142. ^"Sheds in China: The Odd Story of CAAC's Shorts 360s".Retrieved17 June2021.
  143. ^"After all, China Southern Airlines will retire all five Airbus A380s before the end of 2022".MINNEWS.Retrieved21 February2022.
  144. ^"SeatGuru Seat Map China Southern".seatguru.Retrieved27 May2019.
  145. ^"SeatGuru Seat Map China Southern".seatguru.Retrieved27 May2019.
  146. ^"China Southern Airlines – First Class".China Southern Airlines. Archived fromthe originalon 27 September 2017.Retrieved15 August2014.
  147. ^"China Southern Airlines – First Class".China Southern Airlines. Archived fromthe originalon 27 September 2017.Retrieved15 August2014.
  148. ^"China Southern Airlines – First Class".China Southern Airlines. Archived fromthe originalon 19 August 2014.Retrieved15 August2014.
  149. ^"China Southern to offer premium economy on domestic routes".Flight International.18 March 2010.Retrieved21 October2011.
  150. ^"SeatGuru Seat Map China Southern Airbus A330-200 (332) V2".seatguru.Retrieved15 October2017.
  151. ^"China Southern – Sky Pearl Club".Archived fromthe originalon 27 November 2010.
  152. ^Accident description for B-2218at theAviation Safety Network.Retrieved on 2017-09-04.
  153. ^"Accident Database: Accident Synopsis 11241992".Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.Retrieved9 May2015.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  154. ^"Jet Crashes in China, Killing 141; 5th Serious Accident in 4 Months."The New York Times.
  155. ^"Accident Database: Accident Synopsis 05081997".Archived from the original on 24 May 2013.Retrieved9 May2015.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  156. ^Huang, Shaojie (8 January 2015)."U.S. Charter Airline Cited for Neglecting Cargo of Macaques From China".Sinosphere. New York Times.Retrieved28 January2015.
  157. ^Huang, Shaojie (21 April 2014)."China Southern Pays U.S. Fine Over Monkey Cargo".Sinosphere. New York Times.Retrieved28 January2015.
  158. ^Tan, Huileng."An airline in China accidentally sold tickets for as little as $1.40 — and it's honoring the deal".Business Insider.Retrieved24 February2024.
  159. ^Baum, Bernadette (9 November 2023)."China Southern to honour $1.30 flight tickets sold during glitch".Reuter.Retrieved11 November2023.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related toChina Southern Airlines.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=China_Southern_Airlines&oldid=1234497624"