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Cihara River

Coordinates:6°52′44″S106°06′10″E/ 6.87882°S 106.10269°E/-6.87882; 106.10269
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cihara
Map
Source (S) and mouth (M) location of Cihara
Location
CountryIndonesia
ProvinceBanten
RegencyLebak
Physical characteristics
SourceMount Halimun Salak National Park
• locationWest Citorek (Lebak Regency)
• coordinates6°41′21″S106°17′09″E/ 6.6892348°S 106.2859068°E/-6.6892348; 106.2859068
• elevation950 m (3,120 ft)
MouthIndian Ocean
• location
District of Cihara, Lebak
• coordinates
6°52′44″S106°06′10″E/ 6.87882°S 106.10269°E/-6.87882; 106.10269
Basin size208 km2(80 sq mi)[1]
Basin features
River systemCihara basin (DAS210733)[1]
WaterfallsCurug Halimun (876Q+35G)
BridgesMuara Cihara (National Route)
KML fileDAS Cihara

TheCihara(often written asCi Hara) is a river located inthe Lebak RegencyofBanten,Java, Indonesia.

The headwaters are situated southwest ofMount Halimun Salak National Park,around the West Citorek. Flowing for a distance of 29.6 km[2]from the northeast to the southwest towards the southern coast of Banten until it meets the Indian Ocean, approximately in the District of Cihara.[3] The upstream of Cihara at an elevation of around 860 meters above sea level, there is an archaeological site located in Dusun Cibedug, West Citorek. The Lebak Cibedug site covers an area of approximately 40 km2(15 sq mi). In this prehistoric site, numerous Megalithic-era structures are found, including terraced mounds, menhirs, and stone tables like dolmens.[4] Meanwhile, at the river mouth location, there is an expanse of various types of pebble-sized to cobble-sized rocks, ranging from igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks, and quartz vein rocks containing metallic minerals, even coal and fossilized wood fragments. These rock fragments are believed to have been carried to the coast by the flow of the Cihara River, then stirred by extreme waves from the southern sea (Indian Ocean) for thousands or even millions of years, resulting in rounded shapes with smooth to very smooth surfaces. Various types of rocks originate from along the Ci Hara River, from the upstream area to around the river mouth.[5]

Hydrology

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The Cihara River is themainstreamin the CiharaRiver system,covering an area of approximately 208 km2(80 sq mi).[1]Located within the administrative region of Lebak Regency. The Cihara basin is part of theSouthern Java Coastal Drainage basins,where its main stem flows and empties into the southern coast ofJavaisland with a relatively short and cascading course. The majority of thetopographyin the Cihara basin is mountainous, extending from the upstream to the downstream.[3]

The Cihara basin is bordered by the Cimadur basin to the east in its upper part, and the Cisiih basin extending to its downstream part. To the west, it borders the Ciliman and Cilangkahan basins in the central part, followed by the Cipager basin to its downstream part. Meanwhile, in the northern (upstream) part, the Cihara basin borders theCiujung basin,which is part of theNorthern Java Coastal Drainage Basins.[3]

Thedrainage divideof the Ciliman, Ciujung, and Cihara basins meet at a point on the peak or ridge of a hill on the border of the Cirinten and Cigemblong regions, while their main stems each flow into three different water bodies. The Ciliman basin, with its main stem ofCi Liman,flows into theSunda Strait.TheCiujung basin,with its main stem ofCi Ujung,flows into theJava Sea.Meanwhile, theCihara basin,with its main stem of Cihara, flows into theIndian Ocean.[3]

See also

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References

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  1. ^abcHukum Online."Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan No. SK.511/MENHUT-V/2011"(in Indonesian).
  2. ^Water Resources Agency - River Basin in Lebak Regency 2016
  3. ^abcd"Peta Interaktif".WebGIS MenLHK(in Indonesian).Retrieved2023-10-09.
  4. ^bpcbbanten (2021-04-07)."Lebak Cibedug: Monumen Beribadatan Nenek Moyang"[Lebak Cibedug: An Ancestral Worship Monument].Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Banten(in Indonesian).Retrieved2023-11-23.
  5. ^"POTENSI GEOWISATA KECAMATAN CIHARA, KABUPATEN LEBAK - Dinas Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Provinsi Banten"[Geotourism Potential of Cihara sub-district, Lebak Regency - Banten Provincial Energy and Mineral Resources Agency].desdm.bantenprov.go.id.Retrieved2023-11-23.