Clan Pollock
| Clan Pollock | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Crest:A boar passant shot through with a dart Proper | |||
| Motto | Audacter et Strenue (Boldly and strongly) | ||
| Profile | |||
| Region | Lowlands | ||
| District | Renfrewshire | ||
| Founder | Fulbert de Pulloc | ||
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| Clan Pollock no longer has a chief, and is anarmigerous clan | |||
| Historic seat | Pollok Castle | ||
| Last Chief | Sir Robert Pollok, 2nd Baronet (died 1783) | ||
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Clan Pollockis anarmigerousScottish clanwhose origin lies in a grant of land on the southern bank of theRiver Clyde,courtesy ofKing David I,to the sons of Fulbert fromWalter fitz Alan,the 1stHigh Steward of Scotland,in the 12th century. It is among the oldest recorded surnames in Scotland.[1]The clan is a sept ofClan Maxwell.
History[edit]
Origins of the clan[edit]
The clan can trace its origin to Fulbert, a vassal knight of Walter fitz Alan fromOswestry,Shropshire,England.Fulbert came to Scotland with Walter fitz Alan in about 1136 and fought for Scotland at theBattle of the StandardatNorthallertonin 1138. Fulbert's sons were granted land inRenfrewshirefor the service of their father, a knight to Walter fitz Alan,[2]reconfirmed in a charter in 1157 byMalcolm IV.The family name is retained in placenames such asPollok,PollokshieldsandPollokshaws,all situated to the south side of the River Clyde, betweenGlasgowcity centre andPaisley.
The church of Pollock was given to the monks of thePriory of Paisleyin 1163 by Petrus de Polloc, eldest son of Fulbert. As part of a dowry for one of his daughters, Petrus bestowed the barony ofRothesupon her. Robert de Polloc, Fulbert's third son, gave the church ofMearnsto the Priory of Paisley. John de Polloc was a signatory to theRagman Rollssubscribing allegiance to KingEdward I of Englandin 1296.[3]John Pollok of Pollok fought on the side ofMary, Queen of Scots,at theBattle of Langsideon 13 May 1568, only a few miles fromPollok Castleand, as a result, was forfeited of some of his lands. John Pollok, his son, was killed on 7 December 1593 at theBattle of Dryfe SandsnearLockerbieduring a battle between Clan Maxwell and theClan Johnstone.Robert Pollokof Pollok was knighted and made1st Baronet of PollokbyQueen Annein 1703 for his services to the crown.
Genetic history[edit]
The Polk-Pollock-Pogue DNA Project commenced in 2009 and now has some 400 participants. The project website is maintained at FTDNA and can be accessed there.[1]According to the Polk-Pollock-Pogue DNA Project website the original Pollock family male line'sY chromosomeishaplogroupI-M223. Stating "Based on paper trail family research and on its larger diversity it is clear that the I-M223 branch is the one that actually traces back to the original family of Renfrewshire. Among the persons belonging to this group are the descendants of Robert Polke (c.1638-1703), the immigrant fromIrelandto the eastern shore ofMaryland."[4][5]Some notable descendants of Robert Polke includeTrusten Polkthe 12thGovernor of MissouriandCharles Polkthe 27th and 30thGovernor of Delaware.[6]
Notable Descendants
Some notable descendants includeThomas Pollock(1654-1722),colonial governorofNorth Carolina,Sir Robert Pollock(1665-1735), 1st Baronet,Alexander Hamilton(1775-1804), afounding father of the United States,Oliver Pollock(1737-1823), merchant and inventor of the ($)dollar sign,James Pollock(1810-1890),governor of Pennsylvania,Trusten Polk(1811-1876), 12thgovernor of MissouriandCharles Polk(1788-1857), 27th and 30thgovernor of Delaware.[7][8][9]
Clan profile[edit]
- Clan chief:Clan Pollock has no chief, and is anarmigerous clan.
- Chiefly arms:A saltire Vert, 2nd, 3rd and 4th or bugle horns stringed and garnished.
- Motto:Audacter et strenue. The motto translates from Latin as "boldly and earnestly".
- Crest:A boar, shot through with an arrow proper.
- Tartan:Pollock Ancient and Pollock Modern.
Castles[edit]
Peerage[edit]
- Barony of Rothes (12th century)
- Baronets of Pollock
See also[edit]
Citations[edit]
- ^Crawford, George(1710).General Description of the Shire of Renfrew, Including an Account of the Noble and Ancient Families.
- ^Ritchie, R. L. Graeme (1954).The Normans in Scotland.Edinburgh University Press. p. 280.
- ^Way (1994), pp.446-447.
- ^"DNA Project – Clan Pollock".15 June 2020.Retrieved26 March2023.
- ^"FamilyTreeDNA - Genetic Testing for Ancestry, Family History & Genealogy".familytreedna.Retrieved26 March2023.
- ^Garrett, Mary Winder (1899)."PEDIGREE OF THE POLK OR POLLOK FAMILY FROM FULBERT THE SAXON (A. D., 1075), TO THE PRESENT TIME (Continued)".The American Historical Magazine.4(2): 124–162.ISSN2333-8970.JSTOR45340471.
- ^Garrett, Mary Winder (1896)."Pedigree of the Pollok or Polk Family from Fulbert the Saxon (a. D. 1075) to the Present Time".The American Historical Magazine.1(2): 154–173.ISSN2333-8970.JSTOR42657474.
- ^mike."Alexander Hamilton's Pollock Lineage – Clan Pollock".Retrieved1 January2024.
- ^"Clan Pollock History – Clan Pollock".Retrieved1 January2024.
References[edit]
- George Way of Plean and Romilly SquireScottish Clan and Family Encyclopedia,HarperCollins, Glasgow, 1994.ISBN0-00-470547-5
External links[edit]
- .Encyclopædia Britannica.Vol. 22 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 6.
- Clan Pollock International
- Clan Pollock Facebook Page
- Polk-Pollock-Pogue DNA Project
