Cloyne
Cloyne
Cluain | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 Cloyne Round Tower in 2007 | |
  Cloyne Location in Ireland | |
| Coordinates:51°51′47″N08°07′15″W/ 51.86306°N 8.12083°W | |
| Country | Ireland |
| Province | Munster |
| County | County Cork |
| Dáil constituency | Cork East |
| EU Parliament | South |
| Population | 1,967 |
| Time zone | UTC+0(WET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−1(IST(WEST)) |
| Postal district(s) | |
| Dialing code | 021, 465 2 |
| Website | cloyne |
Cloyne(Irish:Cluain)[2]is a village located to the southeast ofMidletonin easternCounty Cork.It is also asee cityof theAnglican(Church of Ireland)Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross,while also giving its name to aRoman Catholicdiocese.St Colman's Cathedral in Cloyneis a cathedral church of theChurch of Irelandwhile the Pro Cathedral of theRoman Catholic Diocese of Cloyne,Cobh Cathedralof SaintColman,overlooksCork Harbour.Cloyne is within theCork EastDáil constituency.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1821 | 1,847 | — |
| 1831 | 2,227 | +20.6% |
| 1841 | 2,200 | −1.2% |
| 1851 | 1,713 | −22.1% |
| 1861 | 1,434 | −16.3% |
| 1871 | 1,235 | −13.9% |
| 1881 | 1,126 | −8.8% |
| 1891 | 995 | −11.6% |
| 1901 | 827 | −16.9% |
| 1911 | 756 | −8.6% |
| 1926 | 712 | −5.8% |
| 1936 | 684 | −3.9% |
| 1946 | 620 | −9.4% |
| 1951 | 620 | +0.0% |
| 1956 | 607 | −2.1% |
| 1961 | 612 | +0.8% |
| 1966 | 634 | +3.6% |
| 1971 | 654 | +3.2% |
| 1981 | 602 | −8.0% |
| 1986 | 721 | +19.8% |
| 1991 | 731 | +1.4% |
| 1996 | 673 | −7.9% |
| 2002 | 785 | +16.6% |
| 2006 | 1,095 | +39.5% |
| 2011 | 1,562 | +42.6% |
| 2016 | 1,803 | +15.4% |
| [3][4][5][6][7] | ||
History
[edit]
The first evidence of settlement in Cloyne is a 4000-year-oldportal dolmenthat lies to the West of the town. The bishopric of Cloyne was founded bySt. Colman Mac Léníne,(530–606 A.D.) as his principal monastery in the sixth century.[8]Theorigin legendConall Corc and the Corco Loígdeclaims that the land for the foundation of the monastery was not given by the local king, but byCoirpre mac Crimthainn(d.c.580 A.D.), who wasking of Munsterfrom theEóganacht Glendamnach:[9]
- Coirpre mac Crimthainn it was who gave Cloyne toGodand to Colman mac Colcon who is also called Mac Lénéne and Aired Cechtraige and Cell Náile. Because of this they [the Eoganacht Glendamnach] are entitled to secular rule.[10]
TheDanesplundered Cloyne in 822, 824 and again in 885 when, according to theAnnals of the Four Masters,theAbbotandPriorof the monastery were killed. TheAnnals of Inisfallenmention that in 978 A.D. the people ofOssoryplundered Cloyne and that in 1088 A.D.Diarmait Ua Briaindevastated it.[11]Cloyne was recognised as a diocese at theSynod of Kellsin1152.[12]The only major action of theIrish War of Independencein Cloyne was on 4 May 1920 whenIrish Republican Armyvolunteers of the Fourth Battalion attacked the localRoyal Irish Constabularybarracks. The volunteers at first failed to gain entry but succeed in setting fire to the building, which resulted in the entire surrender of the garrison. The prisoners had their hands tied before being ordered to march the road toMidletonwhile theflying columnmade their escape.[13]
Climate and geography
[edit]
Cloyne is situated approximately 7.6 kilometres from the major town ofMidleton.[14]The town is located at the bottom of avalleyand is surrounded by large hills to the North and South as well as theCeltic Seato the East andCork Harbourto the West.
Being only 2 miles (3.2 km) from Cork harbour and 3.5 miles (5.6 km) from the open ocean, Cloyne has a mild climate with few extremes of temperature. The highest recorded temperature was 31.1 °C (88.0 °F), on 3 August 1995 and the lowest was −7.1 °C (19.2 °F), recorded on 2 January 1979 and also on 13 January 1987.
The climate of Cloyne is mild all year round, with an average of only six days of frost each year.[citation needed]Snow is almost unknown, with notable exceptions in March 1993, January 2010, andStorm Emmain March 2018. 2010 was also one of the frostiest years recorded for the Cloyne area, with 62 days recording an air frost, over 10 times the average.[citation needed]
Rainfall averages around 1041 mm (41.5 in) per annum, with the wettest weather usually occurring between October and January. The driest year ever recorded was in 1975 when 583.7 mm fell, while the wettest was in 2009 with 1433.4 mm.[citation needed]
Places of interest
[edit]Cloyne has around towerwhich is the town's symbol. The tower dates back to about 560 A.D. when St. Colman founded his monastery. In 1749 a lightning strike caused some damage to the top of the tower.[15]There is also ruins of aNormanwatchtower on a hill overlooking the town.[16]TheChurch of Irelandin Cloyne, St. Colman's Cathedral, was first founded in 1250 AD.[17]The localRoman Catholicchurch, St. Colmans, was built in 1815 and celebratesMassevery day of the week.[18]
Demographics
[edit]According to the2011 Census,people ofIrish ethnicitymake up 86.2% of the population with mostlyPolishandBritishpeople making up the rest. In terms of religion, 87% of Cloyne's population areRoman Catholic,7% belong to other religions (e.g.Church of Ireland,Presbyterian,Islam) and 6% state no religion. 601 persons could speak theIrish languageand 71 people could speakPolish.[19]
Economy
[edit]The land around Cloyne is rich and fertile, being mainly oflimestonebase. This makes it suitable foragriculture,with many acres ofwheatandbarleyharvested each year. The underlying limestone rock also gives rise to a network of caves under and to the south of the town.Cloyne Cave,which is the biggest inCounty Cork,is estimated to be up to 7 km long. A section of the main street collapsed into the caves during the 20th century. The cave is accessible from the grounds of Cloyne House on Rock Street. (Permission must be sought from the owner as these are private grounds).[20]The town has a number of pubs and small shops in the centre of town while there is also aThaiandtraditional Irishrestaurant in the town.[21][22]
Notable people
[edit]- George Berkeley(1685–1753), the Anglo-Irish philosopher, was the Church of Ireland Bishop of Cloyne from 1734 until his retirement in 1752. There is a monument to him in the north transept of Cloyne Cathedral. One year after arriving in Cloyne, he wroteThe Querist,the first of three volumes containing questions on the social and economic problems of Ireland. He was known in Cloyne as a dedicated pastor as well as a scholar, who personally ministered to the sick and destitute of the parish.[23]
- Nicholas Joseph Clayton(1840–1916), a Victorian-era architect based inTexas,was born in Cloyne. He moved, with his widowed mother, to the United States in the 1840s and eventually toGalveston, Texas.The historic district of Galveston features a number of Clayton's buildings that have survived the ravages of storms and fires through the years.
- Cynthia Longfield(1896–1991), an entomologist and explorer, was born and lived in Cloyne up until her death in 1991. She also served as a driver in theRoyal Army Service CorpsduringWorld War I,and is buried inCloyne Cathedral.[24][25]
- Sir John Madden(1844–1918), a judge and politician in Australia, was born in Cloyne. He emigrated toAustraliawith his family in 1857 and served as theChief Justiceof theSupreme Court of Victoriabefore his death in 1918.
- Christy Ring(1920–1979), the noted Cork hurler, was born and grew up in Cloyne where he learned to hurl before joiningGlen Roversin Cork city. He is buried in Cloyne and is also commemorated locally by a statue.
- Several modern-day hurlers with theCork senior hurling team,includingDónal Óg Cusack(b.1977),[26]Diarmuid "The Rock" O'Sullivan(b.1978) and his brotherPaudie O'Sullivan(b.1988),[27]are from Cloyne.
Education
[edit]The local primary school is St. Colman's National School.[28]
Sport
[edit]Cloyne GAAis the localGaelic Athletic Associationclub. They play in the traditional kit of red and black stripes. The club has two grounds known locally as the "old" and "new" pitches.[29]
Churchvilla FC is the localsoccerclub. The club was formed in 1968 and has since grown to 150 players in both juvenile and senior teams.[30]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^"Census Mapping - Towns: Cloyne - Population Snapshot".visual.cso.ie.Central Statistics Office.Retrieved17 June2024.
- ^"Cloyne / Cluain".logainm.ie.Placenames Database of Ireland.Retrieved19 March2024.
- ^Census for post 1821 figures.
- ^"Histpop - The Online Historical Population Reports Website".Histpop.org. Archived fromthe originalon 7 May 2016.Retrieved27 February2014.
- ^"NISRA - Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (c) 2013".Nisranew.nisra.gov.uk. 27 September 2010. Archived fromthe originalon 17 February 2012.Retrieved27 February2014.
- ^ Lee, J. J.(1981). "On the accuracy of thePre-famineIrish censuses ". In Goldstrom, J. M.; Clarkson, L. A. (eds.).Irish Population, Economy, and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell.Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
- ^Mokyr, Joel;Ó Gráda, Cormac(November 1984)."New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700–1850".The Economic History Review.37(4): 473–488.doi:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1984.tb00344.x.hdl:10197/1406.[dead link]
- ^"Historical Cloyne".Cloyne.ie.Archived fromthe originalon 29 October 2013.Retrieved1 December2013.
- ^The Eóganacht Glendamnach were a branch claiming descent fromNad Froích,as did the Eóganacht of Cashel and the Éoganacht Áine.
- ^Ó Corráin, "Creating the past"; Charles-Edwards,Early Christian Ireland,pp. 522-3
- ^"The Book of Cloyne" pg 7. by Rev JKS Ridley Barker
- ^"The Book of Cloyne" by Rev JKS Ridley Barker
- ^"Courthouse".cloyne.ie.Archived fromthe originalon 30 August 2013.Retrieved20 June2013.
- ^"Midleton, Co. Cork to Cloyne, Co. Cork".Google Maps. 1 January 1970.Retrieved27 February2014.
- ^"Cloyne Round Tower Co. Cork".roundtowers.org.Retrieved21 June2013.
- ^"Castle Hill, Cloyne".gatecottages.wordpress.Retrieved24 November2013.
- ^"Cloyne Union - St. Colman's Cathedral, Cloyne".cathedral.cloyne.anglican.org.Retrieved19 December2020.
- ^"Parish-details Cloyne".cloynediocese.ie.Archived fromthe originalon 15 April 2014.Retrieved14 April2014.
- ^"Area Profile for Town Cloyne Co. Cork".Central Statistics Office Ireland.Retrieved21 June2013.
- ^"Cloyne Cave Ireland Tourist Information".Touristlink.Retrieved27 February2014.
- ^"Hartys Cloyne Menu".hartysrestaurantcloyne.Archived fromthe originalon 9 June 2013.
- ^"Pubs Cloyne".Yelp.ie.Retrieved27 February2014.
- ^Boylan, Henry (1998).A Dictionary of Irish Biography, 3rd Edition.Dublin: Gill and MacMillan. p. 25.ISBN0-7171-2945-4.
- ^"Cynthia Longfield".The New Naturalists Online. Archived fromthe originalon 22 April 2012.Retrieved19 October2012.
- ^Ogilvie, Marilyn;Joy Harvey(2000).The biographical dictionary of women in science: pioneering lives from ancient times to the mid-20th century.New York: Routledge. p.801.ISBN041592040X.
- ^"Donal Óg Cusack".Cork GAA. Archived fromthe originalon 2 December 2013.Retrieved27 February2014.
- ^"Paudie O'Sullivan".Cork GAA. 28 November 1988.Retrieved27 February2014.
- ^"St. Colman's National School".cloynens.Retrieved20 June2013.
- ^"Cloyne Hurling and Football Club".Retrieved20 June2013.
- ^"Welcome to Churhvilla F.C."Archived fromthe originalon 12 April 2013.Retrieved20 June2013.
External links
[edit]
Places adjacent to Cloyne | ||||||||||||||||
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