Communist Party of Ecuador – Red Sun
Communist Party of Ecuador – Red Sun Partido Comunista de Ecuador – Sol Rojo | |
|---|---|
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| Abbreviation | PCE-SR |
| Founded | 1 June 1993 |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Far-left |
| International affiliation | ICL[2] |
| Party flag | |
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| Website | |
| Puka Inti | |
| Part ofa serieson |
| Maoism |
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TheCommunist Party of Ecuador – Red Sun(Spanish:Partido Comunista de Ecuador - Sol Rojo,PCE-SR), also known asPuka Inti(Quechuafor "Red Sun" ) is aMarxist–Leninist–Maoistpolitical partyandguerrilla groupinEcuador.It was founded on 1 June 1993.[3]From inception, until their death, the group's former leader used thenom de guerre"Comrade Joselo".[4]Joselo died on November 6, 2022[5]with no announcement of a successor. The PCE-SR consists mostly of former members of the underground leftist group¡Alfaro Vive, Carajo!The organization follows the ideas of the Peruvian communist leaderAbimael Guzmán,founder and longtime chairman of theShining PathinPeru.[6][7]The organization has also become close toMantaro Red Base Committee,[8][9]and theCommunist Party of India (Maoist),[10]and is also a member of theInternational Communist League (Maoist).[11]
The group has protested for workers' rights, and against increased bureaucratic policing and government displacement of communities from economic infrastructure such as mining. Taking inspiration from the Shining Path, PCE-SR advocates for the peasant seizure of farmlands, electoral boycotting, and violence against state institutions.[12]
History[edit]
PCE-SR was founded in 1993 byComrade Joseloand initially drew a large membership from the defunct guerrilla organization¡Alfaro Vive, Carajo!.The ideological basis for the PCE-SR originates from the Peruvian Shining Path with the aspiration of implementing the contributions of Gonzalo Thought to the conditions of Ecuador.[13]
In 2007, a documentary titledAlfaro Vive Carajo: Del Sueño al Caos(From Dream to Chaos) was released which gave testimonies by former AVC members. In response, PCE-SR criticized Santiago Kingman for allegedly distorting the guerrilla struggle and capitulating to the government.[14]
In 2010, Puka Inti took involvement in the 2010 political crisis in Ecuador, as well as a mining conflict in the canton ofPaquisha,which left five injured and several detained. It also gave critical input into theMOVER movement,women revolutionary movements, and theArab Spring.[15][16]
Puka Inti has been accused of being a direct puppet of Shining Path, though it asserts that it is only a supporter of Gonzalo Thought and of the broader international Maoist movement.[17]In November 2011, the PCE-SR gave condolences to the death of Maoist leader Molajula Koteswar Rao, "Kishenji", after he was killed in a false confrontation with authorities inWest Bengal.[18][19]The PCE-SR began calling for electoral boycotts in response to the2013 presidential elections.[20]That same year, they spoke out against the murder of union leader Milton Enrique Parras in the town ofPuerto Guzmán.[21]
In May 2014, the group expressed solidarity toG.N. Saibaba,an Indian scholar who was arrested for supposed connections to theCommunist Party of India (Maoist).[22][23]
In June 2015, PCE-SR condemned the death of New People's Army commander Leoncio Pitao (Ka Parango), after he was killed in a confrontation inDavao City.[24][25]
In recent years, the group has condemned the2017 Ecuadorian general elections,U.S Vice PresidentMike Pence's visit to the country, and the government's response to theCOVID-19 pandemic.
Operation Red Sun[edit]
On 3 March 2012, 10 alleged members of the far-leftGroup of Popular Combatants(the armed wing of theMarxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador) were arrested on charges of subversion and terrorism. The PCE-SR condemned this as an escalation of repression by the Ecuadorian state. The case itself, which became known as theLuluncoto 10,would become controversial over the process of criminalizing political groups as terrorist organizations.[26][27]
References[edit]
- ^"Por un futuro luminoso del proletariado. Por un primero de mayo combativo".cedema.Retrieved16 May2023.
- ^"Declaración del 1° mayo de la LCI".Puka Inti Blogspot.30 April 2023.Retrieved4 November2023.
- ^"Cedema.org - Viendo: A la aurora de la liberación, con la guerra popular".cedema.org.Retrieved11 December2020.
- ^"Cedema.org - Viendo: Comunicado sobre el fallecimiento del Camarada Joselo".cedema.org.Retrieved11 December2020.
- ^tribuneofthepeople (13 November 2020)."Comrade Joselo, Present in the Struggle!".Tribune of the People.Retrieved30 December2022.
- ^"A condenar, rechazar y combatir la agresión imperialista a Libia".Cedema.Retrieved16 May2023.
- ^"Acciones en el 1º de Mayo".Cedema.Retrieved16 May2023.
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved18 December2023.
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved18 December2023.
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved18 December2023.
- ^"International Communist League (ICL)".bannedthought.net.Retrieved18 December2023.
- ^"¡NO VOTAR!, ¡BOICOTEAR LAS ELECCIONES!".Puka Inti Blogspot.2 February 2017.Retrieved17 August2022.
- ^"Ecuador: Honor y Gloria Para Taita Manuel | Revolución Obrera"(in Spanish). 16 March 2020.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"Puka Inti Feb 2011".
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"Ecuador: Honor y Gloria Para Taita Manuel | Revolución Obrera"(in Spanish). 16 March 2020.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^DHNS."Kishenji's encounter is a political murder: Varavara Rao".Deccan Herald.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^Tiempo, Casa Editorial El (12 December 2012)."Investigan asesinato de Milton Rivas, líder comunal de Puerto Gaitán".El Tiempo(in Spanish).Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"Delhi University professor GN Saibaba arrested for alleged Maoist links".The Times of India.9 May 2014.ISSN0971-8257.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^Cupin, Bea (28 June 2015)."NPA commander killed in Davao".RAPPLER.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"CeDeMA".cedema.org.Retrieved29 November2023.
- ^"Varias evidencias detallan actividades subversivas de detenidos en Operativo Sol Rojo – Ministerio de Gobierno".ministeriodegobierno.gob.ec.Retrieved29 November2023.
External links[edit]
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- Anti-revisionist organizations
- Communism in Ecuador
- Communist militant groups
- Guerrilla movements in Latin America
- Communist parties in Ecuador
- Communist terrorism
- Maoist organizations
- Maoist parties
- Maoism in South America
- Paramilitary organisations based in Ecuador
- Communist party stubs
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- Antisemitism in South America