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Dalhousie University

Coordinates:44°38′13″N63°35′30″W/ 44.63694°N 63.59167°W/44.63694; -63.59167
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Dalhousie University
Latin:Universitas Dalhousiana
Former names
Dalhousie College
(1818–1863)
The Governors of Dalhousie College and University
(1863–1996)
MottoOra et Labora(Latin)
On seal:Doctrina vim promovet insitam(Latin)
Motto in English
Pray and work
On seal: Teaching promotes innate ability
TypePublicresearch university
Established1818;206 years ago(1818)
Academic affiliations
Endowment$681.5 million[1]
ChancellorRustum Southwell[2]
PresidentKim Brooks[3]
ProvostFrank Harvey
Academic staff
  • 867 full-time
  • 274 clinical dentistry & medicine
  • 826 part-time
Students20,970[4]
Undergraduates16,002
Postgraduates4,968
Location
Halifax
,
Nova Scotia
,
Canada[a]

44°38′13″N63°35′30″W/ 44.63694°N 63.59167°W/44.63694; -63.59167
Campus
  • Studley campus, 79 acres (32 ha)
  • Agricultural Campus, 151 acres (61 ha)
ColoursBeak gold, cloud white, wingtip black[5]
Nickname
Sporting affiliations
U Sports,(AUS,RSEQ),ACAA,CCAA
Websitewww.dal.caEdit this at Wikidata

Dalhousie University(commonly known asDal) is a large publicresearch universityinNova Scotia,Canada, with three campuses inHalifax,a fourth inBible Hill,and a second medical school campus inSaint John, New Brunswick.Dalhousie offers over 200 degree programs in 13 undergraduate, graduate, and professional faculties.[6]The university is a member of theU15,a group of research-intensive universities in Canada.

The institution was established as Dalhousie College, anonsectarianinstitution established in 1818 by the eponymousLieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia,George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie,with education reformerThomas McCullochas its first principal. However, the college did not hold its first class until 1838, with operations remaining sporadic due to financial difficulties. The college was reorganized in 1863 and renamed The Governors of Dalhousie College and University. The university formally changed its name to Dalhousie University in 1997 through the same provincial legislation that merged the institution with theTechnical University of Nova Scotia.

Dalhousie's varsity teams, the Tigers, compete in theAtlantic University Sportconference ofCanadian Interuniversity Sport.Dalhousie's Faculty of Agriculture varsity teams are called the Dalhousie Rams, and compete in theACAAandCCAA.Dalhousie is acoeducationaluniversity with more than 20,000 students and 150,000 alumni around the world. The university's notable alumni include a Nobel Prize winner and 94Rhodes Scholars.

History

[edit]

Dalhousie was founded, as theLieutenant Governor of Nova ScotiaGeorge Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie,desired a non-denominational college in Halifax.[7]Financing largely came from customs duties collected by a previous Lieutenant Governor,John Coape Sherbrooke,during theWar of 1812occupation ofCastine, Maine;[c]Sherbrooke invested£7,000 as an initial endowment and reserved £3,000 for the physical construction of the college.[8]The college was established in 1818 though it faltered shortly after, as Ramsay left Halifax to serve as theGovernor General of British North America.[9]The school was structured upon the principles of theUniversity of Edinburgh,located near Ramsay's home in Scotland,[10]where lectures were open to male students, regardless of Christian religion or nationality.

In 1821, Dalhousie College was officially incorporated by theNova Scotia House of Assemblyunder the 1821 Act of Incorporation.[11]The college did not hold its first class until 1838; operation of the college was intermittent and no degrees were awarded.[9]In 1841, an Act of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly conferred university powers on Dalhousie.[12]

Dalhousie's first principal wasThomas McCulloch.A Presbyterian minister and naturalist, he was the founder of Nova Scotia's second degree-granting institution (after King's College, nowUniversity of King's College),Pictou AcademyinPictou,Nova Scotia, which attracted students from PEI, Cape Breton, as well as the Caribbean[13]due to McCulloch's views and the school's ecumenical stance.

In 1838, the board of Dalhousie College was able to convince McCulloch leave Pictou Academy and take on the floundering Dalhousie. With a reputation as an anti-papal pamphleteer[14]and firmly against the Church of England's hold on higher education in Nova Scotia (through King's College), McCulloch carried with him from Pictou his education theory and pedagogy, “If Dalhousie College acquires usefulness and eminence, it will be not by an imitation of Oxford, but as an institution of science, and practical intelligence.”[13]His approach to education was radical: he firmly believed that all schools "ought first to be ascertained, how far it is calculated to improve the community; and, if its general utility appear, it is, in proportion to its value and to the extent of the public funds, unquestionably entitled to the protection of Government, whether it belong to churchmen or [Presbyterian] dissenters, protestants or catholics, ought to be entirely disregarded!"[15]He was responsible for creating a chair of natural history at Dalhousie to teach "geology, mineralogy, botany, and zoology."[16]

Following McCulloch's death, the college fell into decline once again and was reorganized as a high school in 1848.[17]In 1863, the college opened for a third time and was reorganized by another legislative act, which added "University" to the school's name: "The Governors of Dalhousie College and University".[18][19]Dalhousie reopened with six professors and one tutor. When it awarded its first degrees in 1866, the student body consisted of 28 male students working toward degrees and 28 occasional students.[9]

Original Dalhousie University building circa 1871
The original Dalhousie College building in 1871. The university was situated at theGrand Paradeuntil it moved in 1886.

Despite the reorganization and an increase in students, money continued to be a problem for the institution. In 1879, amid talks of closure due to the university's dire financial situation,George Munro,a wealthy New York publisher with Nova Scotian roots, began to donate to the university; Munro was brother-in-law to Dalhousie's Board of Governors memberJohn Forrest.As such, Munro is credited with rescuing Dalhousie from closure. In honour of his contributions, Dalhousie observes a university holiday called George Munro Day on the first Friday of each February.[20]The first female graduate was Margaret Florence Newcombe fromGrafton, Nova Scotia,who earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1885.[21]

Originally located at the space now occupied byHalifax City Hall,the college moved in 1886 to Carleton Campus and spread gradually to Studley Campus.[9]Dalhousie grew steadily during the 20th century. From 1889 to 1962 theHalifax Conservatorywas affiliated with and awarded degrees through Dalhousie.[22]In 1920, several buildings were destroyed by fire on the campus of theUniversity of King's CollegeinWindsor, Nova Scotia.Through a grant from theCarnegie Foundation,King's College relocated to Halifax and entered into a partnership with Dalhousie that continues to this day.[23]

Dalhousie expanded on 1 April,1997 when provincial legislation mandated an amalgamation with the nearbyTechnical University of Nova Scotia.This merger saw reorganization of faculties and departments to create theFaculty of Engineering,Faculty of Computer Scienceand the Faculty of Architecture and Planning.[24]From 1997 to 2000, the Technical University of Nova Scotia operated as a constituent college of Dalhousie called Dalhousie Polytechnic of Nova Scotia (DalTech) until the collegiate system was dissolved.[25]The legislation that merged the two schools also formally changed the name of the institution to its present form, Dalhousie University.[26]On 1 September 2012, theNova Scotia Agricultural Collegemerged into Dalhousie to form a newFaculty of Agriculture,located inBible Hill, Nova Scotia.[27][28]

Campuses

[edit]
The Faculty of Architecture and Planning building is located at Sexton Campus. Sexton was the former campus of theTechnical University of Nova Scotiabefore its merger with Dalhousie in 1997.
Sexton Campus sign

Dalhousie has three campuses within theHalifax Peninsulaand a fourth, the Agricultural Campus, in Bible Hill, Nova Scotia.[7]

Studley Campus in Halifax serves as the primary campus; it houses the majority of the university's academic buildings such as faculties, athletic facilities, and the university's Student Union Building.[29]The campus is largely surrounded by residential neighbourhoods.

Robie Streetdivides it from the adjacent Carleton Campus, which houses the faculties of dentistry, medicine, and other health profession departments. The campus is adjacent to two large teaching hospitals affiliated with the school: theIWK Health Centreand theQueen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre.[29]

Sexton Campus inDowntown Halifaxhosts the engineering, architecture and planning faculties. Sexton Campus served as the campus of the Technical University of Nova Scotia prior to amalgamation.[29]The Agricultural Campus in Bible Hill, a suburban community ofTruro,served as the campus for the Nova Scotia Agricultural College prior to its merger with Dalhousie in 2011.[30]The university presently operates the largest academic library system inAtlantic Canada,and hosts the headquarters for theOcean Tracking Network.

The buildings at Dalhousie vary in age from Hart House, which was completed in 1864, to the Collaborative Health Education Building, completed in 2015.[31][32]The original building of Dalhousie University was completed in 1824 on Halifax'sGrand Parade.[33]It was demolished in 1885 when the university outgrew the premises, and the City of Halifax sought possession of the entire Grand Parade.Halifax City Hallpresently occupies the site of the original Dalhousie College.[33]

Libraries and museums

[edit]

The university has five libraries. The largest,Killam Memorial Library,opened in 1971 and claims to be the largest academic library inAtlantic Canada.[34]The W. K. Kellogg Health Science Library provides services largely for the faculties of dentistry, medicine, and other health professions.[35]The Sexton Design & Technology Library is located within Sexton Campus. Its collection largely serves those in the faculties of engineering, architecture and planning, and houses the university's rare books collection.[36]The Sir James Dunn Law Library holds the university's collection of common law materials, legal periodicals, as well as books on international law, health law, and environmental law.[37]MacRae Library is located at the university's Agricultural Campus, and has the largest collection of agricultural resource material in Atlantic Canada.[38]The Dalhousie University Archives houses official records of, or relating to, or people/activities connected with Dalhousie University and its founding institutions. The archives also houses material related to theatre, business and labour in Nova Scotia. The collection consists of manuscripts, texts, photographs, audio-visual material, microfilm, music, and artifacts.[39]The university's first library, Macdonald Memorial Library, was built after alumni raised funds on the death of professorCharles Macdonald,who had left the university $2,000 to buy books in English literature on his death in 1901.[40]

The biology department operates the Thomas McCulloch Museum in its Life Sciences Centre (LSC). The most notable of the museum's exhibits include its preserved birds collection. Other collections include its Lorenzen ceramic mushrooms, its coral and shell collection, and its butterfly and insect collection.[41]The museum's namesakeThomas McCullochwas a Scottish Presbyterian minister who served as Dalhousie's first president and created the Audubon mounted bird collection which is now housed at the museum.[42]

The Dalhousie Art Gallery is both a public gallery and an academic support unit housed since 1971 on the lowest level of theDalhousie Arts Centre.Admission is free of charge. It is host to a permanent collection of over 1000 works.[43]Some of theoutdoor sculpturesaround the campus are part of this collection, such as the distinctiveMarine Venuswhich has sat in the median of University Avenue since 1969.[44]A notable exhibition from the Dalhousie Art Gallery includes "Archives of the Future" (March – April 2016) exploring the relationship between art creation and commerce with work by artists Zachary Gough, Dawn Georg, Sharlene Bamboat,Katie VidaandDana Claxton.[45]

Sustainability

[edit]

Dalhousie University is actively involved in sustainability issues and has received a number of sustainability awards and recognition for academic programs, university operations, and research. In 2022, Dalhousie received a GOLD rating fromAASHE STARS(Version 2.2) In 2009, the university signed the University and College Presidents' Climate Change Statement of Action for Canada to reduceemissions of greenhouse gases.[46]Dalhousie is also a signatory of UNEP's International Declaration on Cleaner Production.[47]In 1999, the university signed theTalloires Declaration,which committed Dalhousie and other higher education institutions to developing, creating, supporting, and maintaining sustainability.[47]

In 2008, the College of Sustainability,[48]the Office of Sustainability,[49]and the Dalhousie Student Union Sustainability Office[50]were formed. During 2008, the President's Advisory Council on Sustainability was also created. The council meets quarterly to discuss pan-university sustainability issues. Dalhousie's College of Sustainability offers an undergraduate Major in Environment, Sustainability and Society (ESS) integrating with seven bachelor's degrees and 40 subjects across five faculties.

Administration

[edit]
Henry Hicks Academic Administration Building at Dalhousie University
Henry Hicks Academic Administration Building is located at Dalhousie's Studley Campus, and houses many of Dalhousie's administrative offices.

University governance is conducted through the Board of Governors and the Senate, both of which were given much of their present power in the Unofficial Consolidation of an Act for the Regulation and Support of Dalhousie College in Chapter 24 of the Acts of 1863. This statute replaced ones from 1820, 1823, 1838, 1841 and 1848, and has since been supplemented 11 times, most recently in 1995.[19]The Board is responsible for conduct, management, and control of the university and of its property, revenues, business, and affairs. Board members, known as Governors of the Board, include the university's chancellor, president, and 25 other members. Members include people from within the university community such as four approved representatives from Dalhousie Student Union, and those in the surrounding community, such as theMayor of Halifax.[19]The Senate is responsible for the university's academics, including standards for admission and qualifications for degrees, diplomas, and certificates.[19]The Senate consists of 73 positions granted to the various faculty representatives, academic administrators, and student representatives.[51]

The president acts as the chief executive officer and is responsible to the Board of Governors and to the Senate for the supervision of administrative and academic works.Kim Brooksis the 13th president of the university, and has served since August 2023. Thomas McCulloch served as the first president when the office was created in 1838.John Forrestwas the longest-serving president, holding the office from 1885 to 1911.[52]

Affiliated institutions

[edit]
The campus ofUniversity of King's College,located adjacent to Dalhousie's Studley campus. The institution has been affiliated with Dalhousie since the 1920s.

University of King's Collegeis a post-secondary institution in Halifax affiliated with Dalhousie. The institution's campus is located adjacent to Dalhousie's Studley campus. Established in 1789, it was the first post-secondary institution inEnglish Canadaand the oldest English-speaking Commonwealth university outside the United Kingdom.[23]The University of King's College was formerly an independent institution located inWindsor, Nova Scotia,until 1920, when a fire ravaged its campus. To continue operation, the University of King's College accepted a generous grant from theCarnegie Foundation,although the terms of the grant required that it move to Halifax and enter into association with Dalhousie.[23]Under the agreement, King's agreed to pay the salaries of a number of Dalhousie professors, who in turn were to help in the management and academic life of the college.

Students at King's have access to all of the amenities at Dalhousie, and academic programs at King's would fold into the College of Arts and Sciences at Dalhousie according to the agreement.[23]Presently, students of both institutions are allowed to switch between the two throughout their enrolment. In spite of the shared academic programs and facilities, the University of King's College maintains its own scholarships, bursaries, athletics programs, and student residences.[53]

Finances

[edit]

The university completed the 2017–18 year with revenues of $697.354 million and expenses of $664.274 million, yielding a surplus of $33.08 million.[54]The largest source of revenue for the university was provincial operational grants, followed by tuition fees. The total endowment revenue reported in fiscal 2017–2018 was $481.372 million.[55]

Diversity

[edit]

The university has attempted to increase the representation of under-represented groups at Dalhousie through inclusive recruitment strategies.[56]There have been several Dalhousie University scandals related to discrimination at the university.[57][58][59]

Academics

[edit]

Dalhousie is a publicly funded research university, and a member of theAssociation of Universities and Colleges of Canada,as well as theU15.[60][61]As of 2022,there were 20,970 students enrolled at the university.[62][63]Dalhousie offers more than 4,000 courses and over 200 degree programs in 13 undergraduate, graduate, and professional faculties.[64]The requirements for admission differ between students from Nova Scotia, students from other provinces in Canada, and international students due to lack of uniformity in marking schemes. The requirements for admission also differ depending on the program. In 2011, the secondary school average for incoming first-year undergraduate students was 85 percent.[62]

Canadian students may apply for financial aid such as the Nova Scotia Student Assistance Program andCanada Student Loans and Grantsthrough the federal and provincial governments. Financial aid may also be provided in the form of loans, grants, bursaries, scholarships, fellowships, debt reduction, interest relief, and work programs.[65]The university's registrar provides scholarships for its students in order to provide financial assistance, or to reward academic merits or performances in another fields, such as community involvement and leadership.[65]

Reputation

[edit]
University rankings
Global rankings
ARWUWorld[66]301–400
QSWorld[67]272
QSEmployability[68]187
TimesWorld[69]301–350
TimesEmployability[70]186
U.S News & World ReportGlobal[71]314
Canadian rankings
ARWUNational[66]13–17
QSNational[67]12
TimesNational[69]12–14
U.S News & World ReportNational[71]11
Maclean'sMedical/Doctoral[72]7

The 2022Academic Ranking of World Universitiesranked Dalhousie University 301–400 in the world and 13–17 in Canada.[66]The 2023QS World University Rankingsranked the university 308th in the world, and twelfth in Canada.[67]The 2023Times Higher Education World University Rankingsplaced Dalhousie 301–350 in the world.[69]In the 2022–23U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Ranking,the university placed 314th in the world, and 11th in Canada.[71]In terms of national rankings,Maclean'sranked Dalhousie seventh in their 2023 Medical-Doctoral university rankings.[72]Dalhousie was ranked in spite of having opted out – along with several other universities in Canada – of participating in Maclean's graduate survey since 2006.[73]

Dalhousie also placed in a number of rankings that evaluated the employment prospects of its graduates. In the Times Higher Education's 2022 global employability ranking, Dalhousie placed 186th in the world, and eighth in Canada.[70]In QS's 2020 graduate employability ranking, the university ranked 301–500 in the world, and 10–16 in Canada.[74]

Research

[edit]

In 2018, Research Infosource ranked Dalhousie as 15th on their list for top 50 research universities in Canada, with a sponsored research income (external sources of funding) of $150.038 million in 2017.[75]In the same year, Dalhousie's faculty averaged a sponsored research income of $130,000, while its graduate students averaged a sponsored research income of $44,600.[75]In 2003 and 2004,The Scientistplaced Dalhousie among the top five places in the world outside the United States for postdoctoral work and conducting scientific research.[76]In 2007 Dalhousie topped the list ofThe Scientist's "Best Places to Work in Academia". The annual list divides research and academic institutions into American and international lists; Dalhousie University ranked first in the international category.[77]According to a survey conducted byThe Scientist,Dalhousie was the best non-commercial scientific institute in which to work in Canada.[78]

The Marine & Environmental Law Institute is housed at the university's Weldon Law Building. Conducting research and consultancy activities, it is one of several research institutes operated by the university.

Dalhousie's research performance has been noted in severalbibliometricuniversity rankings, which usecitation analysisto evaluate theimpacta university has on academic publications. In 2019, thePerformance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universitiesranked Dalhousie 301st in the world, tied for 12th in Canada with theUniversity of Manitoba;[79]whereas theUniversity Ranking by Academic Performance2018–19 rankings placed the university 302nd in the world, and 13th in Canada.[80]

Marine research at Dalhousie has become a large focus of the university, with many of the university's faculty members involved in some form of marine research.[81]Notably, Dalhousie is the headquarters of theOcean Tracking Network,a research effort using implanted acoustic transmitters to study fish migration patterns.[82]Dalhousie houses a number of marine research pools, awet laboratory,and a benthic flume, which are collectively known as the Aquatron laboratory.[83]Dalhousie is one of the founding members of the Halifax Marine Research Institute, founded on 2 June 2011. The institute, which is a partnership between a number of private industries, government, and post-secondary institutions, was designed to help increase the scale, quality, internationalization and impact of marine research in the region.[84]In 2011, the university, along withWWF-Canada,created the Conservation Legacy For Oceans, which aimed at providing scholarships, funding, curriculum development, and work placements for students and academics dedicated to marine research, law, management, and policy making.[85]In 2016, Dalhousie partnered withMemorial University of Newfoundlandand theUniversity of Prince Edward Islandto form a collaborative research organization known asThe Ocean Frontier Institute.

Many of Dalhousie's faculties and departments focus on marine research. The Faculty of Engineering operates the Ocean Research Centre Atlantic, which is dedicated to research and tests in naval and off-shore engineering.[86]Schulich School of Lawalso operates the Marine & Environmental Law Institute, which carries out research and conducts consultancy activities for governmental and non-governmental organizations.[87]The school's Department of Political Science similarly operates the Centre for Foreign Policy Studies, which is primarily concerned with the fields of Canadian and American foreign, security, and defence policy, including maritime security policy.[88]

Student life

[edit]
The Student Union Building is a hub of student extracurricular and social life on campus. It houses a number of student organizations and clubs includingDalhousie Student Union.

The student body of Dalhousie is currently represented by twostudent unions;theDalhousie Student Union,which represents the general student population, and the Dalhousie Association for Graduate Students, which represents the interests of graduate students specifically.[89][90]As of 2011, there were three sororities and three fraternities.[91]They operate as non-accredited organizations and are not recognized by the Dalhousie Student Union.[92]

The mainstudent newspaper,The Dalhousie Gazette,claims to be the oldest student-run newspaper in North America.[93]The newspaper's offices are in the Student Union building.[93]The radio station began as a radio club in 1964 and operated asCKDUin 1975; it beganFMbroadcasting in 1985. CKDU acquired its present frequency 88.1 in 2006 and upgraded its transmitting power.[94]

In 2021 and 2022, controversies arose around alcohol consumption at unsanctioned student gatherings on campus, specifically 'homecoming' in early October.[95][96]Halifax Police urged the university to play a more active role in the issue.[97]

Clubs and societies

[edit]

In addition to the efforts made by theDalhousie Student Union(DSU) Council,[98]Dalhousie students have created and participated in over 320 clubs/societies.[99]The Management Society, for example, is a group of students in the Faculty of Management who group together to enhance the experience of students in that faculty by hosting events, providing assistance and giving back. Until 25 July 2016, Dalhousie offered a website named "Tiger Society" which listed all current clubs and societies that were available for students to join. Through this website, students could request to join a society.[100]Dalhousie also holds a Society Fair at the beginning of each fall and winter semester, in which all societies are given the opportunity to display their purpose/efforts and recruit new members.[101]Student societies partake in a range of activities from simple gatherings, study groups, bake sales, intramural sports teams, to organizing larger scale fundraising events.[102]

Athletics

[edit]
Dalplex is the largest fitness and recreational centre operated by the university.

Dalhousie's sports teams are called theTigers.The Tigers varsity teams participate primarily in theAtlantic University Sport(AUS) ofU Sports.There are teams for basketball, hockey, soccer, swimming, track and field, cross country running, and volleyball. The Tigers garnered a number of championships in the first decade of the 20th century, winning 63 AUS championships and two U Sports championships.[103]More than 2,500 students participate in competitive clubs, intramural sport leagues, and tournaments. Opportunities are offered at multiple skill levels across a variety of sports. Dalhousie has six competitive sports clubs and 17 recreational clubs.[104][105]Dalhousie's Agricultural Campus operates its own varsity team, called the Dalhousie Rams. The Rams varsity team participates in theAtlantic Collegiate Athletic Association,a member of theCanadian Collegiate Athletic Association.The Rams varsity teams include badminton, basketball, rugby, soccer, volleyball, andwoodsmen.[106]

Dalhousie has a number of athletic facilities open to varsity teams and students. Dalplex is the largest main fitness and recreational facility. It houses a largefieldhouse,an Olympic-sized swimming pool, an indoor running track, weight rooms, courts and other facilities.[107]Wickwire Field, with a seating capacity of up to 1,200, is the university's main outdoor field and is host to the varsity football, soccer, field hockey, lacrosse and rugby teams.[108]Other sporting facilities include the Studley Gymnasium, and the Sexton Gymnasium and field.[109]TheMemorial Arena,home to the varsity hockey team, was demolished in 2012. The school is working to build a new arena jointly with nearbySaint Mary's University,whose facility is also aging.[110]The Agricultural Campus has one athletic facility, theLangille Athletic Centre.[111]

The Sexton Gymnasium is one of five athletic facilities operated by the university.

As of 2010, through the efforts of alumni and devoted volunteers, the Dalhousie Football Club was reinstated. Playing in theAtlantic Football League(AFL), the team operates on donations from alumni. The team plays its home games at Wickwire Field.

Insignia and other representations

[edit]

Seal

[edit]

The Dalhousie seal is based on theheraldic achievementof theClan Ramsayof Scotland, of which founder George Ramsay was clan head. The heraldic achievement consists of five parts: shield, coronet, crest, supporters, and motto. One major difference between the Ramsay coat of arms and the university seal is that the Ramsay seal features agriffinandgreyhound,and the Dalhousie seal has two dragons supporting the eagle-adorned shield.[112]Initially, the Ramsay coat of arms was used to identify Dalhousie, but the seal has evolved with the amalgamations the university has undergone.[113]The seal was originally silver-coloured, but in 1950, the university's Board of Governors changed it to gold to match the university's colours, gold and black. These colours were adopted in 1887, after the rugby team led the debate about college colours for football jerseys.[114]The shield and eagle of Dalhousie's seal have been used as the logo since 1987, with the present incarnation in use since 2003, which includes the tagline "inspiring minds".[112]

Motto and song

[edit]

The university mottoOra et Laboratranslates from Latin as "pray and work"; it adopted in 1870 from theEarl of Dalhousie's motto to replace the university's original one, which the administration believed did not convey confidence.[115]The original motto wasForsan(Latin for "perhaps" ), and first appeared in the firstDalhousie Gazetteof 1869. It was fromVirgil'sepic poemAeneid,Book 1, line 203,Forsan et haec olim meminisse iuvabit,which translates as "Perhaps the time may come when these [difficulties] will be sweet to remember." In 2020, students and staff representatives sought to remove the inherently religious tone of the current motto and return to the first.[114]

Among the school's songs is the "Carmina Dalhousiana", written in Halifax in 1882. A Dalhousie University songbook was compiled by Charles B. Weikel in 1904.[116]

Notable alumni

[edit]
Further information:List of Dalhousie University people

Dalhousie graduates have found success in a variety of fields, serving as heads of a diverse array of public and private institutions. Dalhousie University has over 130,000 alumni. Throughout Dalhousie's history, faculty, alumni, and former students have played prominent roles in many fields, and include 91Rhodes Scholars.[117]

Dalhousie has also educated Nobel laureates. Astrophysicist and Dalhousie alumniArthur B. McDonald(BSc 1964, MSc 1965) received the 2015Nobel Prize in Physicsfor identifying neutrino change identities and mass.[118]McDonald was also previously awarded theHerzberg Prizeand theBenjamin Franklin Prize in physics.Other notable graduates of Dalhousie includesDonald O. Hebb,who helped advance the field ofneuropsychology,[119]Kathryn D. Sullivan,the first American woman to walk in space[120]andJeff Dahn,one of the world's foremost researchers in lithium battery chemistry and aging.E. Elizabeth Patton,elected as aFellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh(2021) and Personal Chair inMelanomaGenetics and Drug Discovery,MRCHuman Genetics Unit,Edinburgh.[121]

Notable politicians who have attended Dalhousie include threePrime Ministers of Canada,R. B. Bennett,Joe Clark,andBrian Mulroney.[122][123][124]Eight graduates have served asLieutenant Governors:John Crosbie,[125]Myra Freeman,[126]Clarence Gosse,[127]John Keiller MacKay,[128]Henry Poole MacKeen,[126]John Robert Nicholson,[129]Fabian O'Dea,[130]andAlbert Walsh.[131]Twelve graduates have served as provincialpremiers:Allan Blakeney,[132]John Buchanan,[133]Alex Campbell,[134]Amor De Cosmos,[135]Darrell Dexter,[136]Joe Ghiz,[137]John Hamm,[138]Angus Lewis Macdonald,[139]Russell MacLellan,[140]Gerald Regan,[141][142]Robert Stanfield,[142][143]Clyde Wells,[144]andDanny Williams.[145]The first woman appointed to theSupreme Court of Canada,Bertha Wilson,was a graduate from Dalhousie Law School.[146]

Other notable alumni from the Dalhousie includeLucy Maud Montgomery,an author that wrote a series of novels, includingAnne of Green Gables.[147]Prominent business leaders who studied at Dalhousie includeJamie Baillie,former CEO of Credit Union Atlantic,[148]Graham Day,former CEO ofBritish Shipbuilders,[149]Sean Durfy,former CEO ofWestJet,[150]andCharles Peter McColough,former president and CEO ofXerox.[151]

See also

[edit]

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^Three of the university's campuses are located within Halifax. However, the institution's faculty of agriculture also maintains a campus inTruro,Nova Scotia.
  2. ^Rams is used to refer to athletic teams based at the agricultural campus inBible Hill
  3. ^The British named the colonyNew Ireland.

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Annual Financial Report 2022-23"(PDF).Dalhousie University. 31 March 2023. p. 33.Retrieved26 August2023.
  2. ^"Appointment of Mr. Rustum Southwell as Dalhousie's ninth Chancellor".Dalhousie University. 28 June 2023.Retrieved26 August2023.
  3. ^"Announcement from the Chair".Dalhousie University. 19 July 2023.Retrieved26 August2023.
  4. ^"Full-time plus Part-time Enrolment"(PDF).Association of Atlantic Universities. 30 October 2020.Archived(PDF)from the original on 6 November 2020.Retrieved30 August2019.
  5. ^"Dalhousie Brand Guide and Toolkit".Dalhousie University. 2019.Archivedfrom the original on 30 October 2021.Retrieved23 June2020.
  6. ^"Dalhousie University".Archived fromthe originalon 26 August 2014.Retrieved21 August2014.
  7. ^ab"History and Tradition".Dalhousie University.Archivedfrom the original on 30 June 2020.Retrieved4 March2020.
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Bibliography

[edit]

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