Jump to content

Dassault Falcon 7X

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Falcon 7X/8X
A Falcon 7X, landing gear down, flaps deployed
Role Intercontinentalbusiness jet
National origin France
Manufacturer Dassault Aviation
First flight 7X: 5 May 2005[1]
8X: 6 February 2015[2]
Introduction 7X: 15 June 2007[3]
8X: 5 October 2016[4]
Status In production
Primary users Air Alsie
Flying Group
Volkswagen AG
Shell Oil
Produced 2005–present
Number built 289 (7X, Q1 2020),[5]
~50 (8X, 2018)[6]
Developed from Falcon 900

TheDassault Falcon 7Xis a large-cabin, 5,950-nautical-mile[nmi] (11,019 km; 6,847 mi) rangebusiness jetmanufactured byDassault Aviation,the second largest of itsDassault Falconline. Unveiled at the 2001Paris Air Show,its first flight took place on 5 May 2005 and it entered service on 15 June 2007. TheFalcon 8X,first delivered on 5 October 2016, is derived from the 7X and has an extended range of 6,450 nmi (11,945 km; 7,423 mi) made possible through engine optimization, aerodynamic refinements as well as an increase in fuel capacity.[7]Featuring anS-ductcentral engine, the 7X, 8X and theFalcon 900are the onlytrijetsstill in production, as of 2024.

Falcon 7X[edit]

Dassault Falcon 7X assembly line atBordeaux–Mérignac Airport

Development[edit]

Dassault launched the FNX at the 2001Paris Air Show,aiming for a 10,500km (5,700nm) range at Mach 0.88, up from theFalcon 900EX's 8,300 km at Mach 0.84. Its new high-speed wing is 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) longer with 5° higherwing sweepthan the 900 wing; while itsfuselageis 20% longer, it keeps the same cabin cross-section but with a new curved windscreen. Thetrijethas a combined thrust of 18,000lb (80kN) provided byHoneywell FX5s,a new design, or aPratt & Whitney Canada PW306growth version. Based onHoneywell PrimusEpic avionics, its EASy cockpit is developed for theFalcon 2000EX and 900EX and controls arefly-by-wire.Scheduled to fly in 2004, first deliveries were planned for mid-2006.[8]

With 41 deposits, it was named 7X in November with first flight slipping from late 2004 to early 2005 and certification planned for mid-2006. With a simplified structure to reduce cost and weight, the optimised high-transonicwing improves thelift-to-drag ratioby 10% over thesupercriticalwing of theFalcon 50shared by previous Falcons. The cabin is 2.4m (8ft) longer than the 900 and has a lower 6,000ft (1,800m) cabin altitude. the 6,100 lbf (27.1 kN) PW307A was finally selected, among other risk-sharing partners:Honeywellfor avionics architecture,auxiliary power unit,air management system; withParker Hannifinfor the power generation system and wheels brakes; andTRW Aeronautical Systemsfor the hydromechanical flap and airbrake systems.[9]

Falcon 7X on taxiway, 14 cabin windows

With over 50 firm orders, it completed itsfirst flighton 5 May 2005, flying for 1h 36min fromBordeaux-Merignac,starting a 1,200h flight test programme over 15 month: it climbed to 10,000 ft (3,000 m) for hydraulic, fuel, air data andlanding gearextraction/retraction systems tests, then climbed to 25,000 ft for acceleration/deceleration tests and basicautopilotandautothrottleoperations. The second Falcon 7X was planned to join in June of that year, and the third with a full interior in September that year for long-range, endurance tests and interior sound level validation: Dassault aims for a 52dB sound level in the cabin, 4dB lower than other Falcons. Certification slipped to late 2006 and first deliveries to early 2007.[1]

It was first presented to the public at the2005Paris Air Show.The aircraft has received itstype certificationfrom both theFederal Aviation AdministrationandEuropean Aviation Safety Agency(EASA) on 27 April 2007.[10]The first 7X, MSN05, entered service on 15 June 2007.[3]The hundredth was delivered in November 2010.[11]It conducted high altitude airport tests at 4,400 m (14,500 ft) inDaochengin 2014.[12]

Price[edit]

In 2001, the Falcon 7X, at approximately $35 million (preproduction order price), was nearly $10 million cheaper than its nearest competitors in the long-range, large cabin market segment, including theGulfstream G550andBombardier Global Express.[13]It was targeted to be priced for 2004 at 12% more than the $33 million top-of-the-range Falcon 900EX equipped: $39.6 million.[9]Its price was $37 million in 2005,[1]and $41 million in 2007.[14] In 2017, its list price was $54M, a 3-4-year-old 7X was worth $27-34m and a 7-9 year old one cost $19-24M.[15]The latest market data for Q1 2020 shows 287 out of 289 aircraft currently in operation with an asking price range of $18,495,000 - $24,800,000.[16] In 2022, its equipped price was $54.2M.[17]

Design[edit]

Planform view showing the 34.5°wing sweep
Falcon 7X Cockpit

The Falcon 7X is a three-engined cantilever monoplane with a low-positioned, highlyswept wing.It has a horizontal stabiliser at mid-height and a retractable tricycle landing gear, and three rear-mounted Pratt & Whitney PW307A turbofan engines: two on the side of the fuselage and one in a center position, and room for 19 passengers and 3 crew.[18]It is the first production Falcon jet withwinglets.

It is the first fullyfly-by-wirebusiness jet and is equipped with the same avionics suite, theHoneywell PrimusEpic "Enhanced Avionics System"(EASy), that was used on the Falcon 900EX and later on the Falcon 2000EX.[19]

The Falcon 7X is notable for its extensive use ofcomputer-aided design,the manufacturer claiming it to be the "first aircraft to be designed entirely on a virtual platform", usingDassault Systemes'CATIAandPLMproducts.[20]

Falcon 7X interior

In February 2010, Dassault Falcon and BMWDesignworkswere awarded the 2009Good Design Awardby theChicago Athenaeumand the European Centre for Architecture Art Design for their collaboration on the new Falcon 7X interior option.[21] Due to special engine mounts and cabin isolators, the cabin is extremely quiet, below 50 dBA, and is available with ashower. [22]

Pitch trim incident[edit]

EASA grounded the Falcon 7X fleet after a report from Dassault Aviation regarding an uncontrolled pitch trim runaway during descent in one of its jets in May 2011.[23][24]The aircraft pitched up to 41 degrees, with the load factor increasing to 4.6g,it climbed from 13,000 to 22,500 ft and the airspeed went from 300 to 125 kn.[25]

"This condition, if occurring again, could lead to loss of control of the aeroplane," the EASA notice said.[26]Initial results of investigation showed that there was a production defect in the Horizontal Stabilizer Electronic Control Unit which could have contributed to the cause of the event.[27]Dassault Aviation developed modifications in June 2011 to allow a return to flight.[28]

After four years of investigation, theBureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civilepublished its final report in June 2016. It was found that incorrect nose-up commands to the trimmablehorizontal stabilizerwere caused by asolderingdefect on the pin of itselectronic control unitprovided byRockwell Collins.[25]

Teterboro-London City record[edit]

On May 2, 2014, Dassault set a new speed record for the Falcon 7X on a 5 h 54 min flight from New YorkTeterboro AirporttoLondon City Airport.[29]

Falcon 8X[edit]

Falcon 8X in flight (Paris Air Show 2019)

The 6,450 nmi (11,945 km; 7,423 mi) range Falcon 8X was announced at theEuropean Business Aviation Convention & Exhibitionin May 2014. Its cabin is 1.1 m (3.5 ft) longer than the 7X. With improvements to wing design and improvedPratt & Whitney Canada PW300,the 8X is up to 35% more fuel efficient than its competitors.[30]

The prototype, registered F-WWQA, first flew fromBordeaux–Mérignac Airporton 6 February 2015.[2]The Falcon 8X was added as a subtype of theFalcon 7Xon the EASA type certificate on 24 June 2016 as modification M1000 for S/N 0401 and ongoing.[18]Dassault delivered the first Falcon 8X on 5 October 2016 to Greek business aviation operatorAmjet Executive.[4] By October 2018, the Falcon 8X FalconEyeEFVSwas approved by theFAAandEASAfor approaches down to 100 ft (30 m), and dual HUD FalconEye will allow EVS-to-land in 2020, without using natural vision.[31]

The three PW307D turbofans gained 320 lbf (1.4 kN) each, and are 1.5% more fuel efficient.[6] MTOWis increased from 70,000 to 73,000 lb (31.8 to 33.1 t) and fuel capacity is increased by 3,200 lb (1.5 t) for 500 nmi (926 km; 575 mi) more range.[6] The wing structure is 600 lb (270 kg) lighter, and more flexible for comfort, whileoperating empty weightis 200 lb (91 kg) heavier than the 7X despite the 3.5 ft (1.1 m) stretch.[6] A strict weight control allows most operators to match or best Dassault's 36,800 lb (16.7 t) estimate BOWs for a fully equipped aircraft with three crewmembers.[6] Its unmatched structural efficiency, with a OEW only half ofMTOW,allow a superior fuel efficiency while its MTOW is less than a 4,100 nmi (7,593 km; 4,718 mi)Gulfstream IV-SP. The first hour fuel burn is 4,000 lb (1.8 t) while average cruise fuel burn is 2,250 lb (1.02 t) per h.[6] The 47 db average cabin sound level is 2-3 db lower than the Falcon 7X.[6] In 2022, its equipped price was $62.5M.[32]

Falcon 8X Archange[edit]

The Falcon Archange is a militarized variant of the Falcon 8X under development for theFrench Air and Space Force.Launched under the ARCHANGE (Avion de Renseignement à CHArge utile de Nouvelle GEnération) strategic intelligence aircraft program in December 2019, it is intended forSIGINTandelectronic warfare.The aircraft will be equipped with a Universal Electronic Warfare Capability (Capacité Universelle de Guerre Électronique orCUGE) developed byThales.[33][34]The system will notably be able to detect and analyze radio emissions and radar signals simultaneously. Thales will supply multi-polarization antennas, as well as artificial intelligence technologies to enhance automatic processing. The information gathered by the systems will then be analyzed by eavesdropping and intelligence specialists and fed into theFrench Armed Forces' databases. The program also includes a ground training platform.[35]Two Falcon 8X Archange are on order, with an additional unit planned. Delivery of the first aircraft is expected in 2028.[36][37]

Operators[edit]

Civil operators[edit]

More than 260 Falcon 7X have been delivered between mid-2007 to March 2016 and the type has flown more than 440,000 hours.Europehas 117 aircraft, 45% of the fleet: 18 in Switzerland, 13 in France, eight in Luxembourg, seven in Belgium, Denmark, Germany and Portugal, six in Russia, four in Ukraine among others. Antwerp's Flying Group operates five aircraft,Shell Oilhas four in Rotterdam andDassault Falcon Serviceat Paris-Le Bourget manages four, as doesVolkswagen AGin Wolfsburg. 20% of the fleet is in North America: more than 50 in the U.S., six in Canada and five in Mexico. In Asia-Pacific, 14 are in Hong Kong and 11 in China among others.[38]Planet Nine Private Air LLC, a premium ultra long range charter based in Los Angeles, operates five Falcon 7X. Jet charter and management companyClay Lacy Aviationoperates Falcon 7X aircraft on both U.S. coasts.[39]

Corporate and charter operators use their Falcon 8Xs 600 to 850 hours per year, while individual operators fly theirs 300 to 400 hours per year. Air Alsiein Denmark operates five Falcon 8Xs and six Falcon 7Xs, five 8Xs are based in Switzerland while Volkswagen,Global Jet LuxembourgandExecuJet Europeeach fly two 8Xs. Other operators have a single 8X: Shell, Flying Group, Aviaservice Air in Kazan, Russia,NetJets Europe,TAG Aviationin Geneva, Switzerland,Abelag Aviationand theEgyptian Air Force. Six are based in the US including withBechtel,Citrus Products,Energy Transfer Partners,Honeywell,Sony. Three are based in China, two in São Paulo, and others are registered in San Marino, Malta and Monaco, throughout the Mediterranean, Middle East and India.[6]

Private owners of Falcon 7X aircraft includeBernie EcclestoneandTaylor Swift.[40]

Government and military operators[edit]

Nigerian Air Force Falcon 7X
Australia
Royal Australian Air Force:three Falcon 7X leased for VVIP missions.[41][42]
Belgium
Belgian Air Force:2x Falcon 7X in military service (OO-LUM & OO-FAE) dry leased from Luxaviation (former Abelag Aviation).[43]
Ecuador
Ecuadorian Air Force:One Falcon 7X (ID: FAE 052) for long-distance travel. Delivered November 4, 2013; first official trip November 25, 2013.
Egypt
Egyptian Air Force:four Falcon 7X on order[44][45]
France
French Air and Space Force
  • 2 Falcon 7X ordered and delivered.[46][38][47]In service since 2009, the two aircraft are part of the French presidential fleet (a fleet of 7 aircraft dedicated to presidential and government transport).[48][49]
  • 2 Falcon 8X ArchangeSIGINT/EWaircraft on order to succeed the Air and Space Force'sTransall C-160 Gabriel,with 1 additional unit to be purchased.[50][51][52]
Greece
Hellenic Air Force:One Falcon 7X[53]
Hungary
Hungarian Air Force:Two[54]Falcon 7X[55][56](HuAF606) (HuAF607)[57][58][59]
Indonesia
Indonesian Air Force:One Falcon 7X and one Falcon 8X[60]interim planes for familiarization and training, stationed in17th Air Squadronfor VVIP transport. Orders for two Falcon 8X to be delivered in stages within a one year timeframe, part of the first batch of the Indonesian Air Force'sDassault Rafalecontract.[61]
Monaco
Albert II, Prince of Monaco:one Falcon 7X since 2013.[62]
Namibia
Namibian government: one Falcon 7X[63]
Nigeria
Nigerian Air Force:Two Falcon 7X
Russia
Two such aircraft (with registration numbers RA-09007,[64][65]RA-09009[66]) use the Russian special flight squad based on the state-ownedRossiya Airlinesto transport the highest officials of the state.

TheRepublic of the Congoused a Falcon 7X as a presidential transport until 2023, when the aircraft was auctioned off to pay construction debts.[67]

PresidentEmmerson MnangagwaofZimbabwetook delivery of a Falcon 7X in March 2023.[68]

Specifications[edit]

See also[edit]

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References[edit]

  1. ^abc"Falcon 7X completes its first flight".Flight International.17 May 2005.
  2. ^ab"MAIDEN FLIGHT:" Smooth "sortie opens Falcon 8X test campaign".Flight Global.6 February 2015.
  3. ^ab"Falcon 7X enters service".Flight Global.June 15, 2007.
  4. ^ab"Dassault delivers first Falcon 8X to Greece's Amjet Executive".Flight Global.October 6, 2016.
  5. ^"Falcon 7X Market Data".AvBuyer.
  6. ^abcdefgh"Dassault Falcon 8X: A Trijet Honed To Perfection".Business & Commercial Aviation.Aviation Week. September 19, 2019.
  7. ^William Garvey (May 19, 2014)."Dassault Expands Falcon Family With 8X".Aviation Week.
  8. ^"Dassault unveils long-range Falcon".Flight International.26 June 2001.
  9. ^ab"Dassault unveils Falcon 7X long-range business jet".Flight International.6 Nov 2001.
  10. ^"Dassault Falcon 7X Earns EASA and FAA Certification"(Press release). Dassault Falcon. April 27, 2007. Archived fromthe originalon October 18, 2016.RetrievedOctober 17,2016.
  11. ^"Dassault scores a century with 7X".Flight Global.26 November 2010.
  12. ^Sarsfield, Kate (23 September 2014),"Dassault Falcon 7X set to operate from world's highest commercial airport",Flightglobal,Reed Business Information
  13. ^"Falcon 7X Trades Unwanted Range For a Price Tag Lower by $10 Million".Business & Commercial Aviation.2001. Archived from the original on 2009-01-31.{{cite news}}:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  14. ^Murdo Morrison (May 2, 2007)."Onboard the 7X..."Flight International. Archived from the original on 2009-06-12.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  15. ^"The Costs to Own and Operate a Falcon 7X".SherpaReport.13 June 2017.
  16. ^"The Dassault-Falcon 7x Price-Guide",AvBuyer,22 January 2020
  17. ^"Purchase planning handbook - Jets table".Business & Commercial Aircraft.Second Quarter 2023.
  18. ^abcd"type certificate data sheet"(PDF).EASA. 24 June 2016. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 15 August 2016.
  19. ^"Pilot Report On Falcon 7X Fly-By-Wire Control System".Aviation Week & Space Technology.May 3, 2010.
  20. ^"Dassault Aviation and Dassault Systèmes Make Industry History -- Falcon 7X Jet Becomes First Aircraft Entirely Developed on Virtual Platform"(Press release). Dassault Systèmes. May 24, 2004.
  21. ^"Dassault's Falcon 7X BMW Interior Option Wins Design Award"(Press release). February 5, 2010. Archived fromthe originalon July 1, 2014.RetrievedOctober 23,2013.
  22. ^Mark Huber (May 2017)."Dassault Falcon 7X".Business Jet Traveler.
  23. ^Sarsfield, Kate (26 May 2011)."EASA grounds Dassault Falcon 7X after pitch trim incident".Flight Global.
  24. ^"EASA Grounds Falcon 7X Fleet".Aviation Week.May 26, 2011.
  25. ^ab"Serious incident to a Dassault Falcon 7X, registered HB-JFN on 05/24/2011 at Subang (Malaisie)".Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile.June 13, 2016.
  26. ^"Emergency Airworthiness Directive No. 2011-0102-E".EASA. May 26, 2011.
  27. ^"Emergency Airworthiness Directive 2011-0114-E".EASA. 16 June 2011.
  28. ^"Dassault says Falcon 7x is now back in the air".Reuters.June 16, 2011.
  29. ^Haria, Rupa."Falcon 7X Sets New Speed Record".Aviation Week.Archived fromthe originalon 2018-01-16.
  30. ^"Dassault Aviation Reveals First Falcon 8X"(Press release). Dassault Aviation. December 17, 2014. Archived fromthe originalon September 29, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 29,2019.
  31. ^Matt Thurber (October 9, 2018)."FAA, EASA OK Dassault 8X EFVS Down to 100 Feet".AIN online.
  32. ^"Purchase planning handbook - Ultra long-range Jets table".Business & Commercial Aircraft.Second Quarter 2022.
  33. ^"Défense: Archange décolle, les armées espionneront les théâtres d'opérations".14 January 2020.
  34. ^"Le Falcon 8X Archange au service de l'armée de l'Air".14 January 2020.
  35. ^"Défense: Archange décolle, les armées espionneront les théâtres d'opérations".14 January 2020.
  36. ^"Défense: Archange décolle, les armées espionneront les théâtres d'opérations".14 January 2020.
  37. ^"Le Falcon 8X Archange au service de l'armée de l'Air".14 January 2020.
  38. ^ab"Operators Survey: Dassault Falcon 7X".Business & Commercial Aviation.Aviation Week. March 24, 2016. Archived fromthe originalon October 18, 2016.RetrievedOctober 17,2016.
  39. ^"G650ER, Falcon 7X And Pilatus PC-24 Join Clay Lacy's Northeastern Charter Fleet | Aero-News Network".aero-news.net.
  40. ^"UBS sells Credit Suisse jet used by Horta-Osório during Covid breaches".ft.Retrieved2024-02-07.
  41. ^Waldron, Greg (8 April 2019)."RAAF to lease three Dassault 7X for VVIP mission".Flight Global.Singapore.Archivedfrom the original on 8 April 2019.Retrieved8 April2019.
  42. ^"Dassault Falcon 7X".Royal Australian Air Force. 25 March 2020.RetrievedJanuary 13,2022.
  43. ^"België stuurt vliegtuigen naar Kaboel na oproep van tientallen Belgen in Afghanistan".Het Laatste Nieuws(in Dutch). 16 August 2021.
  44. ^"Egypt to buy 4 Falcon 7X from Dassault for $337M".ecofinagency.18 August 2016.
  45. ^"Dassault Aviation vend quatre Falcon 7X à l'Egypte"(in French).La Tribune.20 August 2016.
  46. ^"La flotte présidentielle française de 1947 à nos jours".24 April 2022.
  47. ^"Escadron de transport 60"(in French).French Air and Space Force.11 August 2016.
  48. ^"IV.– LE SUIVI DU TRANSPORT AU PROFIT DES AUTORITÉS PUBLIQUES".12 October 2011.
  49. ^"La flotte présidentielle française de 1947 à nos jours".24 April 2022.
  50. ^"Défense: Archange décolle, les armées espionneront les théâtres d'opérations".14 January 2020.
  51. ^"Le Falcon 8X Archange au service de l'armée de l'Air".14 January 2020.
  52. ^Chapman, Khalem (March 2020). "France awards ARCHANGE contract".Air International.Vol. 98, no. 3. p. 12.ISSN0306-5634.
  53. ^"Καλοτάξιδο! Η Dassault παραχώρησε δωρεάν το Falcon 7X στην Πολεμική μας Αεροπορία"(in Greek). pentapostagma. October 19, 2021.
  54. ^"Egy harmadik Airbust és további repülőket vesz a honvédség"(in Hungarian). Euronews. 12 December 2018.
  55. ^"Business jettel fokozta légiszállító képességét a honvédség".2018-08-05.
  56. ^"Dassault Falcon 7X, a légiszállítási képességfejlesztés második fázisa".legiero.blog.hu(in Hungarian).
  57. ^https:// jetphotos /photo/9481648
  58. ^https:// planespotters.net/photo/1101235/607-hungarian-air-force-dassault-falcon-7x
  59. ^"The plane of the Hungarian Defense Forces carrying members of the government flew to Moscow, it is a mystery who was traveling on it and why".23 August 2022.
  60. ^"Prabowo Serahkan Dua Unit Pesawat Falcon Untuk Perkuat Skadron Udara 17 TNI AU".merdeka(in Indonesian). 2022-12-28.Retrieved2022-12-28.
  61. ^"Menhan Prabowo Tinjau Pesawat Interim Falcon 7X dan 8X TNI AU".kemhan.go.id(in Indonesian). 28 December 2022.
  62. ^"Albert s'offre l'avion de ses rêves"(in French).Paris Match.5 March 2013.
  63. ^"Government defends new Falcon".The Namibian.March 18, 2009. Archived fromthe originalon September 23, 2013.RetrievedSeptember 21,2013.
  64. ^"Please verify your request".planespotters.net.
  65. ^"Государственный визит президента России в Армению (фоторепортаж)".regnum.ru.
  66. ^"Please verify your request".planespotters.net.
  67. ^Odhiambo, Victor Shalton (2023-10-09)."Republic of Congo's Presidential Jet Sold at Auction for a Fraction of Its Value".Airspace Africa.Retrieved2024-02-07.
  68. ^"Mnangagwa buys swanky US$54 million presidential jet".Zimbabwe News Now.2023-04-28.Retrieved2024-02-07.
  69. ^"Falcon 7X".Dassault Aviation.
  70. ^"Falcon 8X".Dassault Aviation.
  71. ^"Business Airplanes Purchase Planning Handbook"(PDF).Business & Commercial Aviation.Aviation Week. May 2016.
  1. ^excluding cockpit and baggage
  2. ^MTOW, SL, ISA
  3. ^typical landing weight

External links[edit]