Charles-François Daubigny
Charles-François Daubigny | |
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![]() Photograph byNadar | |
Born | Paris, France | 15 February 1817
Died | 19 February 1878 Paris, France | (aged 61)
Known for | Painting |
Movement | Barbizon school |
Charles-François Daubigny(/ˈdoʊbɪnji/DOH-bin-yee,[1]US:/ˌdoʊbiːnˈjiː,doʊˈbiːnji/DOH-been-YEE,doh-BEEN-yee,[2][3]French:[ʃaʁlfʁɑ̃swadobiɲi];15 February 1817 – 19 February 1878) was a French painter, one of the members of theBarbizon school,and is considered an important precursor ofimpressionism.
He was also a prolificprintmaker,mostly inetching,and one of the main artists who used thecliché verretechnique.
Biography[edit]
Daubigny was born in Paris, into a family of painters; taught art by his father,Edmé-François Daubigny ,and his uncle,miniaturistPierre Daubigny (1793-1858). He was also a pupil of Jean-Victor Bertin, Jacques Raymond Brascassat andPaul Delaroche,from whom he would quickly emancipate himself.
In 1838, he set up, at the Rue des Amandiers-Popincourt, a community of artists, a phalanstery, with Adolphe-Victor Geoffroy-Dechaume, Hippolyte Lavoignat,Ernest Meissonnier,Auguste Steinheil, Louis Joseph Trimolet, with whom he already had expressed his interest in subjects drawn directly from daily life and nature. These artists will work, among others, for the publisher Léon Curmer, who was specialized in books illustrated with vignettes. From this period date the first confirmed engravings by Daubigny.
Initially Daubigny painted in a more traditional style, but this changed after 1843 when he settled inBarbizonto work outside in nature. Even more important was his meeting withCamille Corotin 1852 in Optevoz (I sắc re). On his famous boatBotin,which he had turned into a studio, he painted along theSeineandOise,often in the region aroundAuvers.From 1852 onward, he was influenced byGustave Courbet.The two artists were from the same generation and were driven by the realist movement: during a joint stay, each composed a series of views of Optevoz.
In 1848, Daubigny worked on behalf of the Chalcographie du Louvre, performing facsimiles, which testifies to his great expertise in this art, and revisiting the technique of aquatint in a less cumbersome process. His famous series ofRolling Cartsdates from this period. In 1862, with Corot, he experimented with the cliché-verre technique, halfway between photography and printmaking.
In 1866, he joined the jury of the Paris Salon for the first time, alongside his friend Corot. The same year, Daubigny visited England, eventually returning because of theFranco-Prussian war,in 1870. InLondonhe metClaude Monet,and they left for the Netherlands together. Back in Auvers, he metPaul Cézanne,another important Impressionist. It is assumed that these youngerimpressionistpainters were influenced by Daubigny.
Daubigny died inParisin 1878. His remains are interred atcimetière du Père-Lachaise(division 24).
His followers and pupils included his sonKarl (whose works are occasionally mistaken for those of his father),Achille Oudinot ,Hippolyte Camille Delpy,Albert CharpinandPierre Emmanuel Damoye.The two painters who introduced theBarbizon SchoolinPortugal,in 1879,António da Silva PortoandJoão Marques de Oliveira,were also his disciples.[4]
Paintings[edit]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois_Daubigny_-_Le_printemps_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/300px-Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois_Daubigny_-_Le_printemps_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg)
The most striking paintings by Daubigny were those produced between 1864 and 1874, which depict mostly forest landscapes and lakes. Disappointed because he felt that he did not meet with the same level of success and admiration as his contemporaries, by the end of his career he was nonetheless an extremely sought-after and appreciated artist. The motifs of his paintings, sometimes tending towards repetitiveness and often playing on the horizontality of the landscape underlined by a backlight effect, would be taken up and accentuated byHippolyte Camille Delpy,his most influenced student.
His most ambitious canvases includeSpringtime(1857), in the Louvre;Borde de la Cure,Morvan (1864);Villerville sur Mer(1864);Moonlight(1865);Auvers-sur-Oise(1868); andReturn of the Flock(1878). He was named by the French government as an Officer of theLegion of Honor.[5]
In popular culture[edit]
The life of Daubigny was adapted into agraphic novelby Belgian comics writer Bruno de Roover and artistLuc Cromheecke.It appeared under the titleDe Tuin van Daubigny(The Garden of Daubigny,2016).[6][7][8]
Public collections[edit]
Among the public collections holding works by Charles-François Daubigny are:
- The Art Institute of Chicago[9]
- Cincinnati Art Museum[10]
- The Frick Collection,New York[11]
- The Hermitage,Saint Petersburg[12]
- Mesdag Collectie,The Hague[13]
- The Israel Museum,Jerusalem[14]
- Kunstmuseum Den Haag,The Hague[15]
- Metropolitan Museum of Art,New York[16]
- Montreal Museum of Fine Arts[17]
- Musée du Louvre,Paris[18]
- Musée d'Orsay,Paris[19]
- Museum de Fundatie,Zwolle
- Museum of Fine Arts,Boston[20]
- National Gallery of Canada,Ottawa[21]
- National Galleries of Scotland,Edinburgh[22]
- National Gallery,London[23]
- National Gallery of Art,Washington, D.C.[24]
- Neue Pinakothek,Munich[25]
- Rijksmuseum,Amsterdam[26]
- Smithsonian American Art Museum,Washington, D.C.[27]
Gallery[edit]
-
The Ponds of Gylieu(1853)
Cincinnati Art Museum -
The River Seine at Mantes(1856)
Brooklyn Museum -
Banks of the Oise(1863)
Saint Louis Art Museum -
Les Sables-d'Olonne,seaside town
in western France -
Les Laveuses(1873)
Aberdeen Art Gallery -
Lever de lune à Auvers,orLe Retour du troupeau(1878)
Montreal Museum of Fine Arts
See also[edit]
- Daubigny's Garden,painted three times byVincent van Gogh.
Notes[edit]
![]() | This article includes a list of generalreferences,butit lacks sufficient correspondinginline citations.(February 2014) |
- ^"Daubigny, Charles François".LexicoUK English Dictionary.Oxford University Press.[dead link]
- ^"Daubigny".Collins English Dictionary.HarperCollins.Retrieved17 September2019.
- ^"Daubigny".Merriam-Webster Dictionary.Retrieved17 September2019.
- ^José-Augusto França,A Arte em Portugal no Século XIX,Lisbon, Bertrand Editora, 3rd edition, 1990, volume 2 (Portuguese)
- ^The Iconographic Encyclopaedia of the Arts and Scien: Sculpture and painting, 1887, page 138
- ^"Bruno de Roover".
- ^"Luc Cromheecke".
- ^"Cromheecke voelt sympathie voelt voor pretentieloosheid van Daubigny".10 December 2016.
- ^The Art Institute of Chicago
- ^Cincinnati Art Museum
- ^The Frick Collection
- ^The Hermitage
- ^Mesdag Collection
- ^The Israel Museum
- ^Kunstmuseum Den Haag
- ^Metropolitan Museum of Art
- ^Nathalie Bondil,The Montreal Museum of Fine Arts. 150th anniversary guide,Montréal, Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal, 2013, p. 168
- ^Musée du Louvre
- ^Musée d'Orsay
- ^ Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
- ^National Gallery of Canada
- ^National Galleries of Scotland
- ^National Gallery, London
- ^National Gallery of Art
- ^Neue Pinakothek
- ^Rijksmuseum
- ^Smithsonian American Art Museum
References[edit]
- public domain:Chisholm, Hugh,ed. (1911). "Daubigny, Charles François".Encyclopædia Britannica.Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 847. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
Further reading[edit]
- O'Neill, J, ed. (2000).Romanticism & the school of nature: nineteenth-century drawings and paintings from the Karen B. Cohen collection.New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.(see index)
External links[edit]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png)
- 56 artworks by or after Charles-François Daubignyat theArt UKsite
- Charles-François Daubigny – Museum – Musée Daubigny Auvers-sur-Oise
- Charles-François Daubigny's Home-Studio– Maison-Atelier de DAUBIGNY Auvers-sur-Oise. Historical monument.
- Charles-François Daubigny– Rehs Galleries' biography on the artist.
- Charles-François Daubigny at Artcyclopedia