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December 1967

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December 17, 1967: Prime Minister of Australia Harold Holt vanishes while swimming
December 15, 1967: 46 people killed in collapse of West Virginia and Ohio's Silver Bridge
December 3, 1967: Dr. Christiaan Barnard performs first human heart transplant
December 8, 1967: USAF Major Robert H. Lawrence, Black astronaut, killed in F-104 crash

The following events occurred inDecember 1967:

December 1,1967 (Friday)

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  • Georgia's GovernorLester Maddoxgave an early release to 547 state prisoners — almost seven percent— so that the inmates could be with their families in time for Christmas. At the time, the number of adults and juveniles behind bars in the state was less than 8,000 and the 547 given the early reprieve had good conduct records and less than three months remaining on their sentences.[1]Over a period of 50 years, the state prison population would be seven times higher, rising from 8,000 to more than 56,000.[2]
  • NASApresented theApollo Telescope Mount(ATM) program to the Astronomy Missions Board atCambridge, Massachusetts.The Board recommended an early crew assignment for ATM, so that adequate training insolar physicscould be provided, and also recommended that scientistastronautsbe assigned as members of the ATM flight crew.[3]
  • The Jimi Hendrix Experiencereleased their second album,Axis: Bold as Love.In 1994,Guitaristmagazine would list the work as the seventh "most influential guitar album of all time" (with the band's debut album,Are You Experienced,at number one).
  • The nations ofKenya,TanzaniaandUgandaformally inaugurated theEast African Community.[4]

December 2,1967 (Saturday)

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December 3,1967 (Sunday)

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  • Christiaan Barnardand a team of surgeons carried out the world's first heart transplant, atGroote Schuur HospitalinCape Town,South Africa.[13]At 2:20 in the morning, local time, Denise Darvall's heart was removed from her chest, then rushed over to the operating room where 14 surgeons and nurses were ready to transplant it into retired grocerLouis Washkansky.Barnard then removed Washkansky's ailing heart, and Dr. Rodney Hewitson then placed Darvall's heart into Washkansky's chest; Barnard then worked at shaping the aorta, and, at 5:24, connected the new heart. At 5:43, blood was released into the heart muscle, and, at 6:45, the new heart was beating on its own.[14]
  • Greece and Turkey announced their agreement to UN Secretary GeneralU Thant's request, mediated byCyrus Vanceof the United States, to withdraw their troops fromCyprus[15]and that they would dismantle paramilitary forces on the island.[16]Cyprus agreed the next day to the proposal; Greece returned its troop levels to the limits specified in agreements in 1960, and "Turkey canceled large-scale preparations for an invasion", bringing an end to the crisis that had started on November 15.[17]
  • Forty-two people were injured while riding on one of San Francisco's famedcable cars.The car was traveling in a driving rain onHyde Streetwhen the grip that held the car steady slipped, sending the vehicle hurtling down the steep hill. After ramming an automobile at the intersection with Bay Street, the car continued until stopping at North Point Street nearFisherman's Wharf.The automobile, which had caught fire, rolled down Hyde Street and struck eight other vehicles.[18]
  • Thirty-two people, most of them Thai university students who were on vacation during the birthday of the King, drowned in the sinking of a small river craft in theGulf of Siamoff the coast of theRayong Province.Another 58 students and the pilot of the craft swam to shore or were rescued by fishing boats from the village of Ban Phe. The pilot was arrested upon arrival on land.[19]
  • An Arab terrorist group cut the main railway line betweenJerusalemandTel Aviv,with an explosive charge nearBeth Shemesh,15 miles (24 km) west of Jerusalem. Two of the saboteurs were killed in the blast.[20]
  • The government of Iraq revoked the licenses of all 12 of the nation's daily newspapers as a new press law went into effect.[21]

December 4,1967 (Monday)

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  • At 6:50 p.m., avolcanoerupted onDeception Island,one of theSouth Shetland IslandsofAntarctica.The dispute over whether the island was owned byChile,Argentinaor the United Kingdom was put aside as the research bases of all three nations were wrecked by the shower of rocks and ash.[22]The scientists of the Argentinian and Chilean stations nearTelefon Baywere moved to the British base. The next day, the Chilean Navy icebreakerPiloto Pardaevacuated 20 Britons and 27 Chileans[23]while the Argentine Navy evacuated 14 Argentine scientists to theBahia Aruirre.The eruption came without warning, and there had been no volcanic disturbances on Deception Island for more than 120 years; notably, thepenguinsandskuagulls native to the island had fled the island in advance, leading a writer to note that "Those birds, often called the dumbest in the world, had sense enough to leave theirrookerieson Deception Island four hours before the trained scientists on the island felt the first earth tremor. "[24]
  • ThePoor People's Campaignwas announced byMartin Luther King Jr.at a meeting of theSouthern Christian Leadership Conference,with an objective to call attention to, and bring an end to, poverty among White, Hispanic, Native American and African American people in the United States. King would beassassinated on April 4, 1968,and not live to see the protest campaign's scheduled launch on May 12.[25]
  • Twenty-one construction workers were killed nearMexico Citywhen the center section of the Universidad Anahuac bridge collapsed without warning and plunged into the 550-foot (170 m) deep Loma del Negro Canyon.[26]Twelve workers had been on the span outside ofTecamachalcowhen it gave way, and another 50 had been working below.[27]
  • TheU.S. Department of Statesent a diplomatic note toCambodia's ruler, PrinceNorodom Sihanouk,pledging that the U.S. would not cross into Cambodia to pursue North Vietnamese and Viet Cong forces fleeing from South Vietnam, and promising to respect "Cambodian neutrality, sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity."[28]
  • Robert F. Thompson, Assistant Manager ofManned Spacecraft Center(MSC)'sApollo Applications ProgramOffice since its establishment in July 1966, was promoted to Manager, a position that had been vacant since April when MSC Deputy DirectorGeorge M. Lowhad been moved to theApollo SpacecraftProgram Office.[3]
  • TheU.S. Army's 9th Infantry Division riverine force and 400 South Vietnamese forces engagedViet Congtroops in theMekong Delta,and killed 235 of the 300-strong Viet Cong battalion.[29]
  • TheFederal Rules of Appellate Procedurewere promulgated by order of theSupreme Court of the United States.[30]
  • Died:
    • Harry Wismer,56, American broadcaster who had been the founder of theNew York Titans(later theNew York Jets) pro football team; hours after he fractured his skull when he fell down the steps of a restaurant.[31]
    • Daniel Jones,86, British linguist and specialist in phonetics who authored the first comprehensive work on uniform pronunciation,An Outline of English Phonetics.
    • Bert Lahr,72, American stage and film actor, best known for his 1939 role as the Cowardly Lion inThe Wizard of Oz

December 5,1967 (Tuesday)

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December 6,1967 (Wednesday)

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December 7,1967 (Thursday)

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  • Chilefiled an appeal with the British government to settle the longstandingBeagle disputewithArgentinaover possession of theBeagle Channelislands ofPicton, Lennox and Nueva.The channel itself (named forCharles Darwin's shipHMSBeagle) was not part of the dispute. However, the channel was a demarcation line for a treaty signed by the two nations on July 23, 1881. WithTierra del Fuegoas another marker, islands to the east were awarded to Argentina and islands to the west of Tierra del Fuego and south of the Beagle Channel were awarded to Chile; the United Kingdom was the agreed-upon arbitrator of the treaty. Since the disputed islands were in the Channel rather than to the south of it, both nations sought them. For nearly 10 years, the evidence would be presented to an international court (with judges from the UK, France, Nigeria, Sweden and the U.S.), which would award the islands to Chile on May 2, 1977; Argentina would finally agree to accept the decision in a treaty with Chile in 1985.[45]
  • TheUnited Soccer Associationmerged with its rival, theNational Professional Soccer League(NPSL) at the end of the first season for both leagues. The new entity, the 17-teamNorth American Soccer League(NASL) would play for 17 seasons. The 10-team NPSL contributed six teams (the Atlanta Chiefs, the Baltimore Bays, the New York Generals, the Oakland Clippers, the St. Louis Stars and the Toronto Falcons) while the 12-team USA sent seven of its teams the Chicago Mustangs, the Cleveland Stokers, the Dallas Tornado, the Detroit Cougars, the Houston Stars, the Los Angeles Wolves and the Washington Whips, relocated its Chicago and Los Angeles teams (as the Kansas City Spurs and the San Diego Toros) and renamed its Boston and Vancouver franchises as the Boston Beacons and the Vancouver Royals.[46]
  • RAF Commodore John Blount, captain of theQueen's Flightthat was responsible for air transport ofQueen Elizabeth IIand for the Prime Minister, was killed along with three other members of the squadron, when one of the Flight's helicopters, aWestland Whirlwind,lost a rotor blade while flying fromRAF Bensonto the Westland factory atYeoviland crashed into a field atBrightwalton.[47]
  • TheApple Boutique,one of the first attempts byThe Beatlesto open a retail business, opened at 94 Baker Street in London to sell specially designed clothing and accessories. Because of shoplifting and poor management, the store would close on July 30, 1968, after less than eight months of operation.[48]
  • Three days before his accidental death,Otis Reddingrecorded the song that would become the number one best selling song in the United States, "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay".[49]
  • Died:House Peters Sr.,67, British-born American silent film actor who was known as "The Star of a Thousand Emotions"

December 8,1967 (Friday)

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  • A DC-4 airliner, operated by Peru'sFaucettairline, crashed into the 10,225 foot high Cerro Carpish in the Andes at 10,200 feet, killing all 66 passengers and six crew, before the burning wreckage tumbled 3,000 feet below the summit. The plane took off fromHuánucoen route toLima,with a brief stop atTingo María.[50][51]By the time that rescuers arrived at the scene, they found that looters from Huánuco had taken clothes, money, rings and other possessions from the bodies of the victims.[52]
  • Soviet Communist Party SecretaryLeonid Brezhnevconcluded a two-day visit toPraguethat had been made at the request of Czechoslovakian Communist Party leaderAntonín Novotný,who wanted Soviet support to end the discontent among the Czechoslovakian party's leadership. Brezhnev, who reportedly had never liked Novotny, responded to the request with the Russian phrase "Eto vashe delo", meaning "That's your problem."[53][54]
  • The Rolling Stonesreleased their onlypsychedelic rockalbum,Their Satanic Majesties Request,in the UK; it would be released the next day in the U.S.; the original proposed title, "Her Satanic Majesty Requests", a parody of the directions on British passports that began with "Her Britannic Majesty's Secretary of State requests and requires "had been rejected by Decca Records.[55]
  • Operation Yellowstonebegan inSouth Vietnamas the 2nd and 3rd divisions of the U.S. Army's 25th Infantry Division were deployed in theTây Ninh provinceto locate and destroyViet Conginstallations. The operation would continue until February 24, with 137 U.S. soldiers killed and 1,083 wounded. Known enemy deaths were nine times as many, with 1,170 killed.[56]
  • TheArmy of the Republic of Vietnam(ARVN), South Vietnam's army, trapped two Viet Cong battalions in the Mekong Delta at the Kinh O Mon Canal inChương Thiện provinceand killed 365 of the enemy in the biggest battle of 1967 in that area. The ARVN rangers and infantrymen lost 67 of their own men in the fight, which did not involve American troops.[57]
  • Magical Mystery Tourwas released byThe Beatlesas a doubleextended play(EP) album, with a total of six songs from the television movie soundtrack of the same name, in the United Kingdom; the six songs had been side A of the long-playing album released in the United States on November 27.[58]
  • TheINSKalvari,India's first-ever submarine, was commissioned at the Soviet port ofRiga(now inLatvia), under the command of Lt. Commander K. S. Subramanian.[59]
  • Died:
    • U.S. Marine CaptainDonald Cook,33; ofmalariaafter almost four years of captivity as aprisoner of warin aViet Congcamp. Cook, whose remains would never be recovered, would posthumously be promoted to the rank of colonel and would be awarded theMedal of Honorfor his heroism in providing medical care to his fellow prisoners during his captivity; the guided missile carrierUSSDonald Cookwould be named in his honor.[60]
    • U.S. Air Force MajorRobert H. Lawrence,32, the first African American selected for astronaut training, was killed in the crash of anF-104 StarfighteratEdwards Air Force Basein California.[61]It would be more than ten years before candidates other than white males were selected for the NASA space program; in 1983,Guion S. Bluford Jr.would become the first African American astronaut in space.[62]

December 9,1967 (Saturday)

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December 9, 1967: Lynda Johnson marries Charles Robb
  • In one of the few wedding ceremonies held in theWhite House,Lynda Bird Johnson,daughter of U.S. PresidentLyndon Baines Johnsonand First LadyLady Bird Johnson,married future Virginia GovernorCharles S. Robb.[63]
  • TheRMSQueen Maryarrived atLong Beach, Californiaat 11:00 in the morning, after a final voyage that had started fromSouthamptonin England on October 31 and which had taken it aroundCape Horn.[64]Hundreds of small boats sailed with the mammoth ship on its way to the harbor,[65]where one million people had gathered to see the liner's arrival at its permanent home.[66]Passengers who had paid to be on the five-week trip complained afterward that it had been a miserable experience,[67]and one member of the crew, an assistant chef, had died of a heat stroke during the summer weather in the Southern Hemisphere and had been buried at sea.[68]The ship would be formally presented to the city of Long Beach two days later.
  • Jim Morrison,the lead singer forThe Doors,was arrested on stage inNew Haven, Connecticutduring a benefit concert for the New Haven College scholarship fund. Three journalists were taken to jail as well after attempting to get closer to the incident. Police charged Morrison with an "indecent and immoral exhibition" in the form of an angry speech that he gave to the crowd of 2,000 after interrupting a song; Morrison said that a policeman had firedpepper sprayin the singer's eyes during an argument in the offstage dressing room, as well as breach of the peace and resisting an officer. Morrison was released after posting a $1,500 bond[69]and would eventually pay a $25 fine.[70]
  • Hundreds of children and their parents inEvansville, Indianawere witness to a tragic end to the arrival of ashopping center Santa Clausin aHughes 300 helicopter."Santa" was set to land at 3:00 in the afternoon in the parking lot of the North Park Shopping Center in Evansville, and as many as 2,000 children had come to watch the event. The copter clipped three electrical power lines as it prepared to land, then crashed on pavement that had been cordoned off for landing, killing pilot William B. Dorr and William Bretz, a 59-year oldtool and die makerat the city'sWhirlpool Corporationfactory.[71][72]
  • The capacity of some species of birds "to fly under conditions of low temperature and low oxygen pressure" was confirmed when a military aircraft checked out a radar station's report of an object at high altitude passing at low speed overNorthern Ireland.The pilot reported that the cause was a flock of above 30 swans who were flying at an altitude of over 8,200 meters (26,900 feet or more than five miles); the air temperature was -48 °C (54 degrees below zero Fahrenheit) with a strong tailwind.[73]
  • Nicolae Ceaușescu,the Secretary-General of the Romanian Communist Party, was elected as the newPresident of Romaniaby unanimous vote of the nation's 451-member Grand National Assembly. Ceaușescu, who was already thede factoleader of the Communist nation, succeeded outgoing PresidentChivu Stoica.[74]Ceaușescu would build a personality cult and become an increasingly brutal ruler until his overthrow and execution on December 25, 1989.[75]
  • Soviet Communist Party leaderLeonid Brezhnevarrived inPragueafter being asked byCzechoslovakia's President and party leaderAntonín Novotnýfor assistance in dealing with a rebellion within the Czechoslovakian Communist Party's Central Committee; Brezhnev would say later that the main cause of the problem was that "Novotny is incapable of cooperating with the comrades."[76]
  • Born:Joshua Bell,American violinist and conductor; inBloomington, Indiana

December 10,1967 (Sunday)

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Redding

December 11,1967 (Monday)

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December 12,1967 (Tuesday)

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  • U.S. SenatorCharles H. Percyof Illinois came under fire from Viet Cong mortars and small arms when he, his wife, and four other civilians made an unscheduled visit to the village ofDak Son,where the massacre of Montagnard civilians had been carried out by the Viet Cong guerrillas a week earlier. Senator Percy was not hurt by the attack, but did sustain cuts to his legs and arms while diving for cover; he and his party remained behind while his helicopter flew his wife back to the Song Be military base, and then waited to be rescued by four helicopter gunships.[94]
  • The nine-month jail sentence forBrian Jones,guitarist forThe Rolling Stones,was set aside by order ofLord Parker of Waddington,theLord Chief Justice of England and Walesfollowing an appeal. Jones had been convicted of possession of marijuana, and Lord Parker concluded that Jones's history of depressive mental illness and the potential for suicide merited a lesser punishment of £1,000 ($2,400) and three years probation.[95]
  • The United Kingdom and theUnited Arab Republic(Egypt) resumed diplomatic relations more than two years after severing their ties duringRhodesia's proclamation of independence and Britain's decision not to intervene militarily.[95]
  • Born:John Randle,American NFL defensive tackle and member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame and the College Football Hall of Fame; inMumford, Texas

December 13,1967 (Wednesday)

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  • KingConstantine II of Greeceattempted to lead a countercoup against the military junta that had controlled the government since April[96]but "in seeking broad support from Greek political forces, had virtually announced his plans to the world" before setting off with his family, some of his aides, and Prime MinisterKonstantinos Kolliasto the northern military bases inLarissaandKavala.[97]The King, however, had misjudged support from the United States government, which had concluded that "considering the monarchy's record, the victory of the King would not signify the return to a legitimate and stable democratic system but a government manipulated by the Crown."[98]
  • The American space probePioneer 8was launched into orbit around the Sun[99]on the same Delta rocket that put a communications satellite into an orbit around the Earth, marking the first time that the United States had sent more than one payload into space on the same launch.[100]
  • Born:
  • Died:David Poleri,40, American operatic tenor; in a helicopter crash along with his wife, while on a honeymoon inHawaiion the island ofKauai.The Poleris had remarried three days earlier after having been divorced for more than a year.[101]

December 14,1967 (Thursday)

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Professor Kornberg
  • A team of biochemists atStanford University,led by Nobel Prize winnerArthur Kornberg,announced inStanford, California,that they had synthesized DNA in a test tube and that they had created the first artificial virus in what was hailed as "a giant step toward the creation of life itself."[102]
  • Greek's King Constantine II fled to Rome after his coup attempt against Greece's military junta failed.[97][103]ColonelGeorge Papadopoulos,the leader of the group that had effectively controlled the government since April, appointed Lieutenant GeneralGeorge Zoitakisas theregentto carry out the functions of the monarchy, and named himself the new Prime Minister to replace Constantine Kollias, who had fled into exile along with the royal family.[104]
  • Algeria's PresidentHouari Boumediennewas able to crush a revolt by the Algerian Army's chief of staff, ColonelTahar Zbori.The rebellion had broken out atEl Affroun,near the military base atBlida.Following the action, Boumedienne announced that he was taking control of the People's National Army himself.[105]
  • Canada's Prime MinisterLester B. Pearsontold his fellow Liberal Party members of parliament that he planned to retire, and asked the assembly to call a party convention in order to pick his successor.[106]
  • Born:Louise Lear,British meteorologist and weather forecaster for BBC; inSheffield,South Yorkshire

December 15,1967 (Friday)

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  • At 4:58 in the afternoon, theSilver BridgebetweenPoint Pleasant, West VirginiaandGallipolis, Ohiocollapsed without warning when one of itseyebarsbroke under the weight of rush hour traffic.[107][108]At the time, 31 vehicles were on the center span of the 700-foot (210 m) bridge, and either plunged 80 feet (24 m) into theOhio Riveror fell into a pile of debris on the Ohio shoreline. Forty-six people were killed; nine died from severe trauma as the bridge fell on top of them, and the others drowned in waters more than 50 feet (15 m) deep; two people were swept away in the current and their bodies were never recovered. There were nine survivors who were hospitalized.[109]The failure of the 40-year-old structure, which had been the first eyebar suspension bridge in the United States, would later be traced to two small cracks in one of the eyebars, one of them only 1.6 millimetres (0.063 in) wide, and the other twice as wide.[110]As a result of the disaster, theFederal-Aid Highway Act of 1968would be passed, enacting the first federal laws requiring bridge inspections and setting standards; afterward, all bridges on the national inventory were to be inspected at "regular intervals not to exceed two years".[111]
  • U.S. President Johnson signed theWholesome Meat Actinto law, requiring all states to have standards for inspection equal to, or stricter than, federal standards. Previously, the 1907Federal Meat Inspection Acthad only allowed federal inspection of meat shipped across state lines; Johnson told reporters that the new law would remedy "an intolerable condition in the 20th century in a modern nation that prides itself on reputed leadership of the world", and warned that unsanitary meat packing plants must "clean up or close down".[112]
  • The South Vietnamese government announced that they and their allies would observe a 24-hour stand-down during Christmas Day; this would be followed by a second cease-fire between December 31 and January 2. During the 24-hour Christmas ceasefire, as aerial photographs would later show, 1,300 trucks would be sent from North Vietnam to resupply Viet Cong and NVA forces in the south.[113]
  • TheAge Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967was signed into law by U.S. President Johnson, with a stated mission of promoting the employment of older persons based on ability rather than age, prohibiting arbitrary discrimination on the basis of age, and educating employers and workers on methods of resolving disputes. The law would take effect on June 12, 1968.[114]
  • NASA's Apollo Site Selection Board narrowed down its list of targets for the first crewed landing on the Moon to three lunar sites, one of which would be the prime location, and two backups "spaced in lunar longitude to accommodate successive 2-day delays in launch". The Board concluded that the prime site would be inMare Tranquillitatis,with a backup atSinus Medii.[115]
  • TheBoeing 737airliner was certified by the U.S.Federal Aviation Administration,which approved both the 737-100 and the 737-200 at the same time. The first 737 aircraft would be delivered on December 28 toWest Germany'sLufthansaairline, which would inaugurate services on February 10.[116]
  • TheFolketing,Denmark's parliament, declined to pass a vote of confidence in the government of Prime MinisterJens Otto Krag;the measure failed, 85 to 92, with two abstentions. Krag called for new elections, to be held on January 23.[117]
  • Baltimore ColtsquarterbackJohnny Unitaswas named the Associated Press NFL MVP, just 2 days before the Colts season finale vs theLos Angeles Rams.

December 16,1967 (Saturday)

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  • U.S. President Johnson received what a CIA analystSamuel A. Adamswould later describe to Congress as "a most remarkable memorandum" from the CIA's station inSaigon,that, "in effect... predicted theTet Offensive"that would take place inSouth Vietnamsix weeks later. In 1975, Adams would tell the Select Committee on Intelligence that he had pointed out to his superiors that the numerical strength of theViet Congwas much higher than what was listed in the memo, and that the memo to the President "had failed to mention that something might be awry with the official strength estimates", which he would describe later as "phony figures".[118]
  • An aerial reconnaissance mission by U.S. Navy Lt. John Calhoun and Commander C. C. Smith found the exact location in downtownHanoiof theHỏa Lò Prison,nicknamed the "Hanoi Hilton"by the American prisoners of war held there.[119]
  • Born:

December 17,1967 (Sunday)

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December 17, 1967: Searchers on Cheviot Beach shortly after Holt's disappearance
  • ThePrime Minister of Australia,Harold Holt,disappeared at about 12:30 p.m.while swimming in the ocean nearPortsea, Victoria.[120]Alan Stewart, the Director of the Port Quarantine Station and a friend of Holt's, said that he was watching from a sandy cliff overlooking Cheviot Bay, when "Mr. Holt slipped further from the shore and finally disappeared."[121]A search by 200 people failed to find the Prime Minister. In 1983, British journalistAnthony Greywould publish a book titledThe Prime Minister Was a Spy,claiming that Holt had been a spy for the People's Republic of China using the code name H. K. Bors and had defected with the aid of the crew of a Chinese submarine on the day of his disappearance.[122]
  • Christophe Soglo,the President of the west African nation ofDahomey(nowBenin) was overthrown in a coup led by MajorMaurice Kouandete.During the week preceding the coup, a general strike had shut down services across the nation.[123]Kouandete would hold the office for only five days before other factions of the army forced him to turn over power to his superior officer, ColonelAlphonse Alley.[124]
  • Israel dropped official references to theWest Bankand began referring to the recently captured Jordanian territory (with the exception ofEast Jerusalem) as "theJudea and Samaria Area",corresponding to the areas north and south of Jerusalem, respectively.[125]
  • Surveyor 5,which had demonstrated that the lunar surface would be able to support the weight of a crewed Apollo lander, ceased its transmissions to Earth more than three months after its landing on September 11.[126]
  • Born:Gigi D'Agostino,Italian record producer andItalo discoDJ; inTurin
  • Died:Jack Perrin,71, American film actor

December 18,1967 (Monday)

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  • A U.S. Air ForceF-4D Phantomjet crashed into a crowded supermarket inTucson,Arizona,after the pilot and co-pilot safely ejected. The fighter had taken off fromDavis-Monthan Air Force Baseon a training mission and then developed engine trouble. At 5:45 in the afternoon, the unmanned plane struck the Food Giant supermarket at the Cactus Shopping Center on South Alvernon Way and East 29th Street; the fuselage continued onward into a home behind the center. Despite the fire caused by 17,000 pounds of burning jet fuel, the burning down of the store and the destruction of two houses, only four people were killed; those taken to hospitals suffered no major injuries, and most were treated and released.[127][128]
  • In the case ofKatz v. United States,the U.S. Supreme Court ruled, 7 to 1, that electronic eavesdropping devices could not be placed on public telephones without a court warrant. Charles Katz had been convicted in a federal court for violating interstate gambling laws, after the FBI had introduced six tape recordings showing that Katz had placed bets and received wagering information while talking inside a telephone booth.[129]The decision reversed the 1928 Supreme Court ruling inOlmstead v. United States,upholding the use of warrantless wiretapping in the gathering of evidence.
  • Operation Eagle Thrust, "the largest and longest military airlift ever attempted into a combat zone", was completed as the last of 10,024 troops from the U.S. Army's101st Airborne Divisionarrived at theBien Hoa Air Basein South Vietnam. Bringing the troops had required 369C-141 Starlifterand 22C-133 Cargomasteraircraft to fly fromFort Campbell,Kentucky.[130][131]

December 19,1967 (Tuesday)

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Prime Minister McEwen
  • John McEwenwas sworn in as the 18thPrime Minister of Australia,two days afterHarold Holt's disappearance and presumed drowning.[132]McEwen would serve as caretaker prime minister for only 22 days, resigning on January 10 and being succeeded byJohn Gorton.
  • The Royal Navy frigateHMSMinervaengaged a French oil tanker, theArtois,which was attempting to run the British blockade of theMozambiqueport ofBeirato stop shipments of oil fromRhodesia.Commander M. O. Taylor of theMinervahad issued a "Stop or I Fire" directive;[133]the French vessel's captain, Daniel Remaud, ignored the command and four warning shots, then proceeded to dock at Beira anyway.[134]The "Artois incident" would lead to a revision of the Royal Navy'srules of engagement,and there would be no further attempts by foreign vessels to avoid interception.[135]
  • The United Nations General Assembly approved Resolution 2345 (XXII), the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched into Outer Space, commonly called "theRescue Agreement"or ARRA. The international agreement would be opened for signature on April 22 and would enter into force on December 3, 1968.[136]
  • Born:

December 20,1967 (Wednesday)

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  • New Orleans District AttorneyJim Garrisonfiled charges against a second person in his prosecutions for conspiracy to assassinate U.S. PresidentJohn F. Kennedyin 1963. Reporters were unable to find out who Edgar Eugene Bradley was, and reported that "Garrison would not say where Bradley was from or what his connection was" to the assassination. Garrison had previously filed charges againstClay Shaw,the former managing director of the International Trade Mart in New Orleans.[137]Bradley would turn out to be an employee of the International Council of Christian Churches, living inNorth Hollywood, California;California's Governor,Ronald Reagan,would decline a request for his arrest and extradition, and Bradley would never face a trial, while Shaw would be acquitted.[138]
  • United Aircraft Corporationgave the first test to theUAC TurboTrain,"powered by gas turbine engines similar to those used in jet aircraft", and set a record speed of 170.8 miles per hour (274.9 km/h). The two test runs took place on a section of thePennsylvania RailroadnearPrinceton Junction, New Jersey.Plans at the time were to construct a high speed passenger train service between Boston and New York[139]and sets of three-car TurboTrains would operate in the United States and Canada from 1968 to 1982.[140]

December 21,1967 (Thursday)

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  • Representatives of the kingdoms ofKuwait,Saudi Arabia,andLibyaannounced that they would form theOrganization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries(OAPEC), with membership open to oil-exporting Arab nations, with a goal of making economic decisions independent of the political goals of the otherArab Leaguemembers. The three kingdoms would formally create OAPEC on January 9, while continuing their membership inOPEC,which included all petroleum exporting countries.[141]
  • All further contact was lost withMariner 4,the American space probe that had made the first successful flyby of the planetMarson July 15, 1965. Contact had been lost on October 1, 1965, then regained after two years; micrometeoroid strikes on December 10, however, had damaged the communication system.[142][143]
  • The Graduate,which would become the top-earning American film of 1968, was introduced to cinemas nationwide a day after premiering at the Lincoln Center, theCoronet Theatrein New York, and the 4 Star Theatre in Los Angeles.[144]
  • Moshe Dayan,Israel's Minister of Defense, authorized theInternational Committee of the Red Crossto visit all prisons in Israel and in the occupied territories. Visits would start at the end of February.[145]
  • Born:Mikheil Saakashvili,3rdPresident of Georgiafrom 2008 to 2013; inTbilisi,Georgian SSR,Soviet Union
  • Died:
    • Louis Washkansky,55, the South African grocer who had received the first human heart transplant, died at 6:50 in the morning atCape Town,18 days after the landmark surgery by Dr. Christiaan Barnard.[146]A surgeon would note 40 years later that "Hisanti-rejection therapyhad been successful in preventingorgan rejection,but at the same time it had depleted hisimmune systemso effectively that he had developed bacterial growths ofklebsiellaandpseudomonasin his lungs. In his frantic battle to fight rejection, Barnard had overlooked the simple diagnosis ofpneumoniawhich had ultimately killed his patient. During the autopsy, the pathologist found a healthy heart that showed no signs of rejection and confirmed that pneumonia had been the cause of death. "[147]
    • U.S. Marine CorporalLarry E. Smedley,18, was killed while leading a charge against a Viet Cong machine gun nest overlooking theDa Nang Air Base,even after being wounded twice by enemy gunfire; he would become the youngest recipient of theMedal of Honorfor heroism in the Vietnam War.
    • Stuart Erwin,64, American film actor

December 22,1967 (Friday)

[edit]
  • Five days after leading a military coup to becomePresident of Dahomey(nowBenin), MajorMaurice Kouandetewas forced by other factions in the Dahomeyan Army to step aside.[148]Kouandete's superior, ColonelAlphonse Alley,was released from house arrest and took office as the new president. President Alley would serve for seven months and relinquish power to a civilian,Emile Zinsou,on August 1, 1968.[124]
  • Former French Army GeneralEdmond Jouhaud,who had joined with three fellow generals and officers in forming the terroristOrganisation armée secrète(Secret Army Organization or "OAS" ) to stopFrench Algeriafrom being granted independence, was pardoned by PresidentCharles de Gaulle,along with five other OAS members.[149]
  • Forty-seven passengers, most of them students who were on their way home for Christmas, were killed near the city ofBaguioin thePhilippineswhen their bus went out of control and plummeted over a cliff.[150]
  • Born:

December 23,1967 (Saturday)

[edit]
December 23, 1967: Lyndon B. Johnson with Westmoreland in Vietnam...
  • U.S. PresidentLyndon B. Johnsonmade an unannounced Christmas visit to American troops inSouth Vietnam,stopping at theCam Ranh Baseat 8:40 a.m. local time (0140 UTC) on his way back from memorial services for Australian Prime Minister Holt. President Johnson was greeted by General William C. Westmoreland and his deputy, GeneralCreighton W. Abrams,and Ambassador Ellsworth Bunker. He then conferred briefly with 30 of Westmoreland's field commanders before addressing 2,450 American troops. In a tour of the base hospital, Johnson shook hands with patients and personally presentedPurple Heartmedals to some of the wounded, then departed at 10:25 a.m. (0325 UTC).[151]
... and with Pope Paul VI at the Vatican
  • Following the visit toSouth Vietnam,President Johnson flew westward toKarachito meet with President Mohammed Ayub Khan of Pakistan. From there, he traveled to Rome, where he was greeted by Italy's PresidentGiuseppe Saragat.A U.S. Army helicopter then flew him toVatican City,landing inside the walls at the courtyard ofSaint Damasusat 9:00 p.m. local time (2000 UTC). He then met withPope Paul VIfor an hour to discuss peace in theVietnam War.[152]It would be reported later inTimemagazine that Johnson had arrived to ask the Pope to put pressure on South Vietnam's PresidentNguyễn Văn Thiệu(who was of the Roman Catholic faith) to negotiate with North Vietnam; that "Johnson irritated the pope by his hastily arranged helicopter landing in the Vatican gardens"; and that, according to theTimereporter, the Pope "slammed his hand on to his desk and shouted at Johnson."[153]However, neither the President's daily diary[154]nor the Associated Press coverage of the meeting (which was syndicated to newspapers across the globe) recorded any such outburst.[155]
  • Greece's new Prime Minister,George Papadopoulos,announced that his military junta would release most of its 2,500 political prisoners (with the exception of "former communist convicts and post-revolution saboteurs" ) in a Christmas amnesty in order to "restore unity and brotherhood among the Greeks".[156]Future Prime MinisterAndreas Papandreouwould be released the next day, but composerMikis Theodorakiswould continue to be detained; by year's end, 284 prisoners had been freed.[157]
  • The city ofJesselton,capital of theMalaysianstate ofSabahon the island ofBorneo,was formally renamed asKota Kinabalu.The settlement had been built in 1899 by theBritish North Borneo Companyand named for the BNBC Chairman,Charles Jessel.[158]
  • Born:Carla Bruni,Italian-born singer andFirst Lady of Francefrom 2008 to 2012 after her marriage to French PresidentNicolas Sarkozy;inTurin

December 24,1967 (Sunday)

[edit]
  • At 6:00 p.m. in North and South Vietnam (5:00 a.m. in Washington), a 24-hour ceasefire went into effect and the United States halted aerial bombing and other offensive operations. Earlier in the day, American bombers had bombed suspected troop concentrations in an area southwest of Dainang.[159]TheViet Conghad announced a 72-hour ceasefire starting at 1:00 a.m. on Christmas Eve, but U.S. command noted 56 incidents of gunfire in the first 12 hours, with one American soldier wounded near An Khê and seven enemy troops killed.[160]
  • Israel rescinded its regulations requiring Christians to obtain permits in order to enterBethlehem,which had been under Israeli control since the capture of theWest BankfromJordanin June. Palestinian Christians stayed away from the traditional birthplace ofJesus Christdespite Israel's temporary waiver of the midnight curfew for residents of the occupied territories to allow attendance at Christmas Eve ceremonies.[161]
  • ThePeople's Republic of Chinatested a missile with a thermonuclear warhead and had to destroy it prematurely after the rocket went off course. China would not test any additional nuclear weapons for more than a year[162]finally exploding a three megaton hydrogen bomb on December 27, 1968.[163][164]
  • TheIraq National Oil Companyand the Chairman of the Soviet Union's Committee for Foreign Economic Relations signed an agreement, with the Soviets developing drilling operations in theRumaila oil field,and Iraq granting the USSR concessions to exploit the oil resources.[165]
  • On Christmas Eve inArgentina,16 people drowned, and another 20 were injured near the city ofTafí del Valle,after their bus overturned in the Tafi River.[166]
  • Ahmad Shukeiriresigned as chairman of thePalestine Liberation Organization.[167]
  • Died:Karl Ristenpart,67, German symphony orchestra conductor

December 25,1967 (Monday)

[edit]
  • Wang Hongwen,the leader of the Red Guards inShanghaiand one of the "Gang of Four"who would later be sentenced to prison for their roles in China'sCultural Revolution,launched the first of what would become known as "red typhoons"to brutally purge the city of undesirable elements." The targets were said to be thugs, thieves, criminals, and dandies ", an author would later note," but they included a number of otherwise blameless rebel enemies as well. "[168]
  • On the same day, theNew China News Agencyreported that 350,000,000 copies ofQuotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung,commonly referred to asThe Little Red Bookhad been issued during 1967; China's population at that time was almost 755 million.[169]
  • Nine people in Moscow were killed in an explosion that tore the side off a six story tall apartment building.[170]The state-operated Soviet media, which did not usually report disasters within the nation's borders, allowed a report in an evening paper,Vechernyaya Moskva,nearly 24 hours after Moscow policemen had given the number to western reporters on the scene.[171]
  • During the halt in American bombing, a representative of the North Vietnamese Communist Party Politburo addressed North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong leadership in South Vietnam'sThừa Thiên provincenearHuếabout the go-ahead for what would become known as the "Tet Offensive"during the last of the three ceasefire periods observed by both sides.[172]
  • After a ceasefire that lasted for most of Christmas Day, American warplanes resumed bombing operations at 6:00 p.m. over North Vietnam, as well as on convoys that were moving supplies to Viet Cong guerrillas in South Vietnam.[173]

December 26,1967 (Tuesday)

[edit]
  • TheAtlantic Richfield Company(ARCO) discovered thePrudhoe Bay Oil Field,the largestoil fieldin North America, at a depth of 9,000 feet (2,700 m) beneath theAlaska North Slope.[174]The find was a tribute to the persistence of ARCO's chairman and founder,Robert O. Anderson,who had persisted in oil exploration in the area above theArctic Circleafter other companies had given up and sold their leases. A year later, oil would be found at another site 7 miles (11 km) away; the oil field would be measured at nearly 334 square miles (864 km2) and containing 25 billionbarrelsof oil.
  • Eleven U.S. Army soldiers were killed, and 21 injured, when theCH-47 Chinookhelicopter they were on crashed while making its approach to thePhu Cat Baseas they returned after watchingBob Hope's appearance atAn Khe.[175]The rotor blades of the Chinook malfunctioned and slashed through the fuselage, cutting many of the victims, while others were hurt in the crash that followed.[176]
  • The Beatles' filmMagical Mystery Tourpremiered as a made-for-television movie onBBC1in the United Kingdom. British newspaper critics derided it the next day with terms like "blatant rubbish"; "a great big bore"; "tasteless nonsense", and "witless conceit".[177]Paul McCartneywould later respond, "Aren't we entitled to have a flop?"[178]
  • Died:Sydney Barnes,94, English professional cricketer celebrated as one of the sport's greatestbowlers

December 27,1967 (Wednesday)

[edit]
  • Australiawon the1967 Davis Cupin tennis for the third year in a row, and for the 15th time in the past 18 years, when the doubles team ofJohn NewcombeandTony RochedefeatedSpain's team ofManuel SantanaandManuel Orantesin straight sets, 6–4, 6–4 and 6–4.[179]The victory gave Australia its third straight match win over its challenger in the best three of five series. The next day, Santana would beat Newcombe in straight sets in the fourth match after Spain was mathematically eliminated, whileRoy Emersonwould beat Orantes.
  • Apollo Applications Program Director Charles W. Mathews directed the AAP Managers at the threehuman spaceflightCenters to halt all activity pertaining to the AAP-IA mission, the purpose of which would have been to perform experiments inspace sciencesand advanced applications in a low-altitudeEarth orbitfor up to 14 days.[3]
  • The first day ofHanukkahwas celebrated at theWailing WallinJerusalemfor the first time in almost 50 years. During the British Mandate after World War I, celebrations at theTemple Mounthad been prohibited, and access had not been allowed when the area was part of the Kingdom ofJordanafter World War II.[180]
  • The government of the newly createdPeople's Republic of South Yemenbegan the process of confiscating the property of the 123 sultans and nobility who had ruled south Arabian emirates that had been protected by British rule for 140 years.[181]
  • Died:Cyrus S. Ching,91, Canadian-born American industrialist and negotiator who was the first director of theFederal Mediation and Conciliation Service,and one of the original members of theWage Stabilization Board.

December 28,1967 (Thursday)

[edit]
  • Cambodia's princeNorodom Sihanoukgave limited permission for United States troops to cross from South Vietnam into Cambodia in order to pursue Viet Cong or NVA guerrillas.[182]
  • Died:Katharine McCormick,92, American philanthropist and biologist who funded the research for the first birth control pill

December 29,1967 (Friday)

[edit]

December 30,1967 (Saturday)

[edit]
  • The United Kingdom'sHouse of Lordsmade an interpretation of British gaming laws that required the banning of thezerofrom the nation'sroulettewheels, or any other feature in roulette where the bettor would be put at a disadvantage. The Lords concluded that since, in "zero roulette", the gambling house had a 3 percent advantage over the bettor (given that the odds were 35–1 on any single number, but a 36–1 chance against the ball landing on one of the 37 spots between 0 and 36 on the board), the feature was a violation of British gaming law requirements that both bettor and banker should be on equal terms; Scotland Yard detectives immediately notified gambling operators in time for New Year's Eve.[195]
  • North Vietnam's Foreign Minister,Nguyen Duy Trinh,stated that his nation would open peace discussions as soon as the United States halted bombing.[196][197]South Vietnamese President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu stated that he "saw no real change" in the North Vietnamese Foreign Minister's formulation for peace, while U.S. Secretary of StateDean Ruskquestioned the sincerity of the Hanoi regime, in light of the fact that the North Vietnamese had ordered an offensive for the winter season and had already violated the holiday truces.[198]Former U.S. PresidentDwight Eisenhowerwarned President Johnson that "we must not put ourselves in the position of depending upon belief in what a Communist says."[199]
  • Died:Vincent Massey,80,Governor General of Canadafrom 1952 to 1959 and the first Canadian native to be appointed to that position

December 31,1967 (Sunday)

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^Georgia Center for Opportunity 2014 fact sheet
  3. ^abcPublic DomainThis article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.Brooks, Courtney G.; Ertel, Ivan D.; Newkirk, Roland W."PART II: Apollo Application Program -January 1967 to December 1968.".SKYLAB: A CHRONOLOGY.NASA Special Publication-4011.NASA.pp. 124–125.Retrieved10 May2023.
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  6. ^abDick Cheney and Jonathan Reiner,Heart: An American Medical Odyssey(Simon and Schuster, 2013)
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  8. ^"Road Overtimes the Rule, But Vandy Keeps Its Cool",The Tennessean(Nashville), December 3, 1967, p7-C
  9. ^Tony Currie,A Concise History of British Television, 1930–2000(Kelly Publications, 2004) pp59-60
  10. ^Vadophil 2000: Silver Jubilee Souvenir(Baroda Philatelic Society, 2000) p31
  11. ^"20th Century Limited Makes Final Run Without Fanfare",Chicago Tribune,December 3, 1967, p1
  12. ^"20th Century Limited", by Val Ginter, inThe Encyclopedia of New York City,ed. by Kenneth T. Jackson (Yale University Press, 2010)
  13. ^"MEDICAL TRIUMPH— First Human Heart Transplanted— South African Gets New Life From Woman Dead in Crash",Los Angeles Times,Chicago Tribune,December 4, 1967, p1
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  20. ^"Arabs Blast Israeli Rail Link".Chicago Tribune.December 4, 1967. p. 1A-2.
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  108. ^"OHIO RIVER BRIDGE FALLS!".Chicago Tribune.December 16, 1967. p. 1.
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  123. ^"Coup Upsets Government of Dahomey".Chicago Tribune.December 18, 1967. p. 3.
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  125. ^Farsoun, Samih K.;Aruri, Naseer(2009).Palestine and the Palestinians: A Social and Political History.Avalon Publishing.p. 338.
  126. ^Knocke, Melanie Melton (2005).From Blue Moons to Black Holes: A Basic Guide to Astronomy, Outer Space, and Space Exploration.Prometheus Books.
  127. ^"TOLL CALLED 'MIRACLE'— Four Dead, None Reported Missing",Tucson (AZ) Daily Citizen,December 19, 1967, p1
  128. ^"JET SLAMS INTO BIG STORE— Report 6 Persons Die in Crash at Tucson",Chicago Tribune,December 19, 1967, p1
  129. ^"Public Phone Eavesdropping Outlawed by Supreme Court",Chicago Tribune,December 19, 1967, p5
  130. ^Lieutenant General John J. Tolson,Airmobility, 1961–1971(Pickle Partners Publishing, 2014) p66
  131. ^"FLY 10,000 YANKS TO VIET— Air Lift Over Pacific Largest of Asian War",Chicago Tribune,December 19, 1967, p1
  132. ^"New Aussie Chief Hints Viet Parley",Chicago Tribune,December 19, 1967, p3
  133. ^J. R. T. Wood,A Matter of Weeks Rather Than Months: The Impasse Between Harold Wilson and Ian Smith Sanctions, Aborted Settlements and War 1965–1969(Trafford Publishing, 2012) p407
  134. ^"British Naval Ship Fires on French Tanker",Chicago Tribune,December 20, 1967, p1
  135. ^John Roberts,Safeguarding the Nation: The Story of the Modern Royal Navy(Seaforth Publishing,2009) p73
  136. ^Francis Lyall and Paul B. Larsen,Space Law: A Treatise(Routledge, 2016) p135
  137. ^"Jim Garrison Names a New 'JFK Suspect'",Chicago Tribune,December 21, 1967, p7
  138. ^Patricia Lambert,False Witness: The Real Story of Jim Garrison's Investigation and Oliver Stone's Film JFK(Rowman & Littlefield, 2000) pp124-125
  139. ^"Train Reaches 170 M.P.H.",Chicago Tribune,December 21, 1967, p1
  140. ^Jeff Hawkins,Images of America: Richmond Railroads(Arcadia Publishing, 2010
  141. ^Chookiat Panaspornprasit,US-Kuwaiti Relations, 1961–1992: An Uneasy Relationship(Routledge, 2004) p153
  142. ^Philip J. Stooke,The International Atlas of Mars Exploration: Volume 1, 1953 to 2003: The First Five Decades(Cambridge University Press, 2012)
  143. ^Robert Reeves,The Superpower Space Race: An Explosive Rivalry through the Solar System(Springer, 2013) pp332-333
  144. ^"Director and Star Shine in 'The Graduate'",Daily News(New York), December 22, 1967, p58
  145. ^Esther R. Cohen,Human Rights in the Israeli-occupied Territories, 1967–1982(Manchester University Press, 1985) p167
  146. ^"NEW HEART PATIENT DIES— Loses Fight 18 Days after Operation",Chicago Tribune,December 22, 1967, p1
  147. ^"Major Medical Milestones Leading Up to the First Human Heart Transplantation", by Kate Elzinga, inThe Proceedings of the 18th Annual History of Medicine Days Conference 2009: The University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine, Alberta, Canada,ed. by Lisa Peterman, et al. (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2011) p185
  148. ^"Dahomey Army Chiefs Elect New President",Bridgeport (CT) Post,December 22, 1967, p8
  149. ^"Gen. De Gaulle Frees 6 Who Resisted Him",Chicago Tribune,December 23, 1967, p4
  150. ^"Bus Plunge Fatal To 47",Cincinnati Enquirer,December 23, 1967, p5
  151. ^"LBJ Visits Troops In South Vietnam".Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.December 23, 1967. p. 1.
  152. ^"LBJ, POPE SEE PEACE HOPE— President on His Way Home after Big Tour".Chicago Tribune.December 24, 1967. p. 1.
  153. ^Carty, Thomas J. (2008). "White House Outreach to Catholics". In Heyer, Kristin E.; et al. (eds.).Catholics and Politics: The Dynamic Tension Between Faith and Power.Georgetown University Press.p. 181.
  154. ^"President's Daily Diary entry, 12/23/1967 · Discover Production".
  155. ^"Pope, LBJ voiced shared hopes for peace".Lewiston Morning Tribune.Vatican City. AP. 24 December 1967.Retrieved28 January2023.
  156. ^"Greek Junta to Free 2,500 from Prison".Chicago Tribune.December 24, 1967. p. 1.
  157. ^"Reports Greece Frees 284 Under Amnesty".Chicago Tribune.December 31, 1967. p. 11.
  158. ^"Changes Its Name".Chicago Tribune.December 24, 1967. p. 4.
  159. ^"U.S. Bombers Hit... Then Comes Christmas Truce",Cincinnati Enquirer,December 24, 1967, p4
  160. ^"Incidents Mar Viet Cease-Fire; Johnson Restates Quest for Peace",Philadelphia Inquirer,December 25, 1967, p1
  161. ^"Bethlehem 1967: The Christmas Story Is Retold",Chicago Tribune,December 25, 1967, p1
  162. ^"China's Nuclear Option", by Michael B. Yahuda, inBulletin of the Atomic Scientists(February 1969) p72
  163. ^"Clientage in the PRC's National Defense", by Benjamin C. Ostrov, inInformal Politics in East Asiaed. by Lowell Dittmer (Cambridge University Press, 2000) p211
  164. ^"U.S. Detects 7th A-Bomb Test in China",Chicago Tribune,December 25, 1967, p5
  165. ^"Iraq and the Oil Cold War: A Superpower Struggle and the End of the Iraq Petroleum Company (1958–1972)", by Philippe Tristani, inEmpires and Nations from the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Century,ed. by Antonello Biagini and Giovanna Motta (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2014) p106
  166. ^"Bus Plunge Kills 20",Arizona Daily Star,(Tucson), December 26, 1967, p17
  167. ^"Shukairy Resigns as Chairman Of Palestine Liberation Group",The New York Times,December 25, 1967
  168. ^Elizabeth J. Perry,Patrolling the Revolution: Worker Militias, Citizenship, and the Modern Chinese State(Rowman & Littlefield, 2007) p230
  169. ^Colin Mackerras,The Performing Arts in Contemporary China(Routledge, 2013) p23
  170. ^"Blast Rips Big Moscow Apartment",Chicago Tribune,December 26, 1967, p1
  171. ^"9 Killed In Moscow Apartment Explosion", UPI report inTucson (AZ) Daily Citizen,December 26, 1967, p23
  172. ^Ronnie E. Ford,Tet 1968: Understanding the Surprise(Routledge, 2012) p121
  173. ^"Truce Over; Yank Planes Hit Convoys",Chicago Tribune,December 26, 1967, p3
  174. ^Vassiliou, M. S. (2009). "Anderson, Robert O.".Historical Dictionary of the Petroleum Industry.Scarecrow Press.p. 48.
  175. ^"Helicopter Crash Kills 7 GIs".Miami News.December 29, 1967. p. 1.
  176. ^Newby, Claude (2009).It Took Heroes: A Cavalry Chaplain's Memoir of Vietnam.Random House.
  177. ^"Britons Blast Beatles' TV Spectacular— Show with Stripper Called 'Rubbish'".Chicago Tribune.December 27, 1967. pp. 2–10.
  178. ^Denisoff, R. Serge; Romanowski, William D. (2011).Risky Business: Rock in Film.Transaction Publishers.
  179. ^"Game, Set— and Cup".Sydney Morning Herald.December 28, 1967. p. 1.
  180. ^"1st Hanukkah at Wailing Wall".Philadelphia Daily News.December 28, 1967. p. 1.
  181. ^"Sultans Stripped of Land".St. Louis Post-Dispatch.December 27, 1967. p. 4.
  182. ^"Sihanouk OKs US Pursuit of Reds Across Cambodian Border",Los Angeles Times,December 29, 1967, p1
  183. ^"Klan's Wizard Gets 10 Years in 3 Slayings".Chicago Tribune.December 30, 1967. p. 3.
  184. ^Newton, Michael (2013).The Ku Klux Klan in Mississippi: A History.McFarland. p. 177.
  185. ^abJerry L. Thigpen,The Praetorian STARShip: The Untold Story of the Combat Talon(Air University Press, 2001) p62, p101
  186. ^John Gargus,Combat Talons in Vietnam: Recovering a Covert Special Ops Crew(Texas A&M University Press, 2017)
  187. ^"Maine Commando Among MIA Honorees— The Air Force Remembers Staff Sgt. Edward J. Darcy and 10 Others Missing in Action",Portland (ME) Press Herald,July 14, 1998, p4B
  188. ^"Family's hope fades at last Remains of pilot in Vietnam War finally identified",The Florida Times-Union(Jacksonville), November 10, 2000, pB-1
  189. ^'October 26, 2000: Vietnam War MIAs Identified ",Arlington National Cemetery
  190. ^"Weigh Possibility of Gravity Collapse",Chicago Tribune,December 31, 1967, p15
  191. ^Marcia Bartusiak,Black Hole: How an Idea Abandoned by Newtonians, Hated by Einstein, and Gambled on by Hawking Became Loved(Yale University Press, 2015) p138
  192. ^Charles Leinberger,Ennio Morricone's The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: A Film Score Guide(Scarecrow Press, 2004) pp59-60
  193. ^A. J. Jacobs,The New Domestic Automakers in the United States and Canada: History, Impacts, and Prospects(Le xing ton Books, 2015) p183
  194. ^Jackson McHenry (May 26, 2016)."Lilly Wachowski to Take a Backseat on Sense8 Season Two".Vulture.Archivedfrom the original on June 10, 2016.RetrievedJune 10,2016.
  195. ^"Britain Spinning; Zero Is Banned from Roulette",St. Louis Post-Dispatch,December 31, 1967, p1
  196. ^John Dumbrell,Rethinking the Vietnam War(Palgrave Macmillan, 2012) p79
  197. ^Charles Kaiser,1968 in America: Music, Politics, Chaos, Counterculture, and the Shaping of a Generation(Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988)
  198. ^"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, Volume V, Vietnam, 1967 - Office of the Historian".
  199. ^"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968"
  200. ^"PACKERS WIN, 21-17, IN LAST SECONDS! Starr Goes Over from One to Beat Dallas for N.F.L. Crown; 50,861 Watch in -13 Degree Weather".Chicago Tribune.January 1, 1968. p. 3-1.
  201. ^Turse, Nicholas (2003). "Yippies". In Knight, Peter (ed.).Conspiracy Theories in American History: An Encyclopedia.ABC-CLIO.p. 752.
  202. ^"Jet-Propelled Cyclist Crashes".The Arizona Republic.January 1, 1968. p. 5.
  203. ^"Quints Born in Australia".Chicago Tribune.December 31, 1967. p. 1.
  204. ^"Name Quints; Dad Celebrates".Chicago Tribune.January 1, 1968. p. 14.
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