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Dharmapuri district

Coordinates:12°7′33.6″N78°9′14.4″E/ 12.126000°N 78.154000°E/12.126000; 78.154000
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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, seeDharmapuri, Tamil Nadu.

Dharmapuri District
Clockwise from top-left:Sri Kalyana Ramaswamy temple,Vathalmalai,Hogenakkal Waterfalls,St. Mary's Church inKadagathur,Chenraya Perumal Temple,Vaiyar Dam nearPappireddipatti
Location in Tamil Nadu
Location in Tamil Nadu
Map
Dharmapuri district
Coordinates:12°7′33.6″N78°9′14.4″E/ 12.126000°N 78.154000°E/12.126000; 78.154000
CountryIndia
StateTamil Nadu
Established2 October 1965
Founded byM. Bhakthavatsalam
HeadquartersDharmapuri
TaluksDharmapuri,
Nallampalli,
Palakcode,
Karimangalam,
Pennagaram,
Harur,
Pappireddipatti,
Eriyur
Government
•District CollectorK. Santhi,IAS
•Superintendent of PoliceC. Kalaichelvan,I.P.S
Area
• Total4,497.77 km2(1,736.60 sq mi)
• Rank11
Population
(2011)
• Total1,506,843
• Rank24
• Density340/km2(870/sq mi)
Languages
• OfficialTamil
Time zoneUTC+5:30(IST)
PIN
636(xxx)
Telephone code04342
ISO 3166 codeISO 3166-2:IN
Vehicle registrationTN-29[1]
Largest cityDharmapuri
Largest metroDharmapuri
Central location:12°7′N78°9′E/ 12.117°N 78.150°E/12.117; 78.150
Websitedharmapuri.nic.in

Dharmapuriis one of the 38 districts in the state ofTamil-Nadu,India. It is thefirst districtcreated in Tamil Nadu after theindependence of Indiaby splitting it from then-Salem districton 2 October 1965. Dharmapuri District is one of the major producers of mango in the state, fine qualitygraniteis found in the district. It is also one of the mainsericulturebelts in the state. Around 30 percent of the district's area is under forest cover.Kaverienters Tamil Nadu through this district. Dharmapuri district had the lowest literacy rate of 74.23% in Tamilnadu during the 2011 census.[2]

Etymology

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Dharmapuri was calledThagadurduring theSangam era.The name Thagadur is derived from twoTamilwords,Thagadumeaning iron ore, andurmeaning place. The name Thagadur was changed to Dharmapuri after the Sangam period, possibly during the period of theVijayanagara Empireor the period of theKingdom of Mysore.The name Thagadur is still used by some of the people of Dharmapuri.

History

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The region is believed to have been controlled by thePallava dynastyin the 8th century. TheRashtrakutastook over in the 9th century. They were defeated by theCholasin the 11th century, and subsequently the district came under the Chola sphere of governance.[3]

Adi Srinivasa perumal temple,Dharmapuri built by Pallavas

During 18th century, present-day Dharmapuri district was part of theKingdom of Mysoreand was called Baramahal. As part of theTreaty of Seringapatam(signed on 18 March 1792) after theThird Anglo-Mysore War,Tipu Sultan agreed to give part of his territories including present-day Dharmapuri district to theBritish East India Companywhich was then merged into theMadras Presidencyanadministrative subdivisionofBritish India.

The present-day district was part of theSalem Districtunder British rule, until the founding of Dharmapuri district on 2 October 1965. The Dharmapuri district was split into Dharmapuri andKrishnagiri districtsin 2004.[3]Many historical rock sculptures are found in this district. Modhur, a village near Dharmapuri has remains that date back to theNeolithic age.A government museum in Dharmapuri town displays some of these significant sculptures. Excavations at another village,Perumbalai,have unearthed artifacts dating back centuries.[4]

Geography

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The district is located between latitudes N 11 47’ and 12 33’ and longitudes E 77 02’ and 78 40’. Occupies an area of 4,497.77 km2(1,736.60 sq mi) (i.e. 3.46% of Tamil Nadu). It is bounded on the north byKrishnagiri District,on the east byTiruvannamalai DistrictandKallakurichi district,on the south bySalem District,and on the west by Karnataka'sChamarajanagar District.The whole district is surrounded by hills and forests, and the terrain consists mostly of rolling plains.[citation needed]

Forests

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The whole district is predominantly covered with forests. Spider Valley located nearHogenakkalis home to many wild animals. The district falls in the migratory path of elephants. Conflicts between man and elephant are most common in these parts. Many tribal communities depend on these forests. Vathalmalai, a mountain hamlet on top of Shervarayan hill chain has suitable conditions to cultivate coffee andjackfruit.Wild boars andspotted deerare commonly seen in Morappur andHarurforest region.Gaurssometimes stroll near villages in theBommidiregion.Thoppur ghathas one of the area's scenic highways surrounded by mountains and forests.

Rivers and dams

Waterbodies in Dharmapuri - Pappireddipatti-Vaniyaru Dam is most important river and dam in this district. This river joined to Thenpennai river,Harur taluk,Chinnaru river[5]Ramakkal Lake[6]

Governance

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Dharmapuriis the district headquarters. The district has been divided into two revenue divisions, namely, Dharmapuri and Harur consisting seventaluks.

Administrative divisions

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Municipality:

Dharmapuri,Harur

Town Panchayats:

Marandahalli,Bommidi,Palakkodu,Pennagaram,Kariamangalam, Kambainallur,Papparapatti,Kadathur,Pappireddipatti.

Proposed Municipality:

Palakkodu,Pennagaram,Pappireddipatti

Panchayat Unions:

Dharmapuri,Harur,Nallampalli,Palacode,Pennagaram,Karimangalam,Morappur,Pappireddipatti,Kadathur,Eriyur.

Revenue divisions:

Dharmapuri,Harur.

Revenue taluks:

Dharmapuri,Harur,Karimangalam,Nallampalli,Palacode,Pappireddipatti,Pennagaram.

Demographics

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Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901328,897—
1911344,203+0.46%
1921328,877−0.45%
1931383,902+1.56%
1941443,969+1.46%
1951499,582+1.19%
1961615,809+2.11%
1971796,404+2.61%
1981940,175+1.67%
19911,123,583+1.80%
20011,295,182+1.43%
20111,506,843+1.53%
source:[7]

According to2011 census,Dharmapuri district had a population of 1,506,843 with a sex-ratio of 946 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[8]A total of 167,940 were under the age of six, constituting 87,777 males and 80,163 females. The average literacy of the district was 91.2% compared to the national average of 72.99%.[8]The district had a total of 375,873 households. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 16.29% and 4.18% of the population respectively. There were a total of 751,170 workers, comprising 191,080 cultivators, 217,062 main agricultural labourers, 11,308 in house hold industries, 233,546 other workers, 98,174 marginal workers, 10,248 marginal cultivators, 50,283 marginal agricultural labourers, 4,033 marginal workers in household industries and 33,610 other marginal workers. 17.32% of the population lived in urban areas.[9]The population of the district is roughly equal to the nation ofGabon[10]or the US state ofHawaii.[11]

Religions in Dharmapuri district (2011)[12]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 96.42%
Islam
 
 2.54%
Christianity
 
 0.94%
Other or not stated
 
 0.10%

Languages of Dharmapuri district (2011)[13]

Tamil(87.90%)
Telugu(6.51%)
Kannada(2.95%)
Urdu(2.26%)
Others (0.38%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 87.90% of the population spokeTamil,6.51%Telugu,2.95%Kannadaand 2.26%Urduas their first language.[13]

Politics

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This section istranscludedfrom16th Tamil Nadu Assembly.(edit|history)
Source:[14][15]
District No. Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks
Dharmapuri 57 Palacode K. P. Anbalagan All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None
58 Pennagaram G. K. Mani Pattali Makkal Katchi NDA
59 Dharmapuri S. P. Venkateshwaran Pattali Makkal Katchi NDA
60 Pappireddippatti A. Govindasamy All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None
61 Harur (SC) V. Sampathkumar All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None

Economy

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Agriculture

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Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri districts account for more than 60% to 70% total mango production in Tamil Nadu.[16]It is a major producer of Ragi and saamai crops in the state. Exotic crops like dates are also being cultivated by some farmers in the areas around Ariyakulam.

Crop Area under cultivation (in hect.) in %
Paddy (Sornavari / Kuruvai / Kar / Samba / Thallady / Pisanam/ Navarai / Kodai) 9,465 5.60%
Millets (Ragi) 18,243 10.80%
Other Minor Millets 69,162 40.90%
Pulses 40,441 23.90%
Sugar Cane 11,971 07.10%
Mango 6,506 03.80%
Coconut 7,037 04.20%
Tamarind 1,197 00.70%
Other Crops 5,067 03.00%
Total 1,69,089 100%

Kaveri river,Then Pennai river,Thoppaiyaru river, Chinnar river, Nagavathy river,Vanniyar riverand Sanathkumara river are the major water sources but mostly Agriculture here is dependent on groundwater resources and Tank Irrigation

See also

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References

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  1. ^"tn.gov.in"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 23 August 2009.Retrieved26 September2011.
  2. ^"Dharmapuri District Population, Tamil Nadu, List of Taluks in Dharmapuri".Censusindia2011.Retrieved7 December2021.
  3. ^ab"History of Dharmapuri District".Dharmapuri District Official TN Website. Archived fromthe originalon 17 February 2014.Retrieved1 March2014.
  4. ^Muruganandham, T. (3 July 2024)."Artefacts in TN's Perumbalai excavation site reveal an Iron Age story".The New Indian Express.Retrieved11 August2024.
  5. ^"Flood alert in Dharmapuri district; lake overflows in Krishnagiri".The Times of India.21 October 2022.ISSN0971-8257.Retrieved13 October2023.
  6. ^"Ramakkal lake in TN polluted & emits foul smell, residents demand rejuvenation".The New Indian Express.Retrieved13 October2023.
  7. ^Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  8. ^ab"Census Info 2011 Final population totals".Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013.Retrieved26 January2014.
  9. ^"Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Dharmapuri district".Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013.Retrieved26 January2014.
  10. ^US Directorate of Intelligence."Country Comparison:Population".Archived fromthe originalon 13 June 2007.Retrieved1 October2011.Gabon 1,576,665
  11. ^"2010 Resident Population Data".U. S. Census Bureau. Archived fromthe originalon 19 October 2013.Retrieved30 September2011.Hawaii 1,360,301
  12. ^"Table C-01 Population by Religion: Tamil Nadu".censusindia.gov.in.Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.2011.
  13. ^ab"Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Tamil Nadu".Census of India.Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  14. ^"Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Here's full list of winners".CNBCTV18.3 May 2021.Retrieved22 December2023.
  15. ^"Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Full list of winners".indiatvnews.2 May 2021.Retrieved22 December2023.
  16. ^"Mango cultivation in TamilNadu(Dharmapuri & Krishnagiri Districts)".National Horticulture Board, Government Of INDIA.
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