Duke Tai of Tian Qi
| Duke Tai of Qi Tề thái công | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ruler ofQi | |||||
| Reign | 386–384 BC | ||||
| Predecessor | Duke Kang of Qi | ||||
| Successor | Yan, Duke of Qi | ||||
| Died | 384 BC | ||||
| Spouse | Consort Xiao | ||||
| Issue | Yan, Duke of Qi Duke Huan of Tian Qi | ||||
| |||||
| House | House of Tian | ||||
| Father | Viscount Zhuang of Tian | ||||
Duke Tai of Tian Qi(Chinese:Điền tề thái công;pinyin:Tián Qí Tài Gōng;died 384 BC) was from 386 to 384 BC ruler of theState of Qi,a major power during theWarring States periodof ancient China. He was the first Qi ruler from the House of Tian, replacing the House of Jiang that had ruled the state for over six centuries.[1]
Duke Tai's personal name wasTian He( điền cùng ), andancestral nameGui (Quỳ). His official posthumous title was simplyDuke Tai of Qi,but he is commonly called Duke Tai of Tian Qi orDuke Tai of Tianto be distinguished fromJiang Ziya,the original Duke Tai from the House of Jiang, who founded Qi in the 11th century BC.[1][2]
Reign[edit]
Since Tian He's great-grandfatherTian HengkilledDuke Jian of Qiin 481 BC, the leaders of the Tian clan had been thede factorulers of Qi. In 404 BC Tian He succeeded his older brotherTian Daozias head of the Tian clan. He nominally served underDuke Kang of Qi,the last ruler from the House of Jiang, but effectively ruled the state himself.[1]
Tian He askedMarquis Wu of Weito lobby for him at the court ofKing An of Zhou,the nominal ruler of all China. In 386 BC, King An officially recognized Tian He as ruler of Qi, ending more than six centuries of rule by the House of Jiang. Tian He became the firstde jureruler of Qi from the House of Tian, and is posthumously known as Duke Tai of Qi. He subsequently exiled Duke Kang to a seaside city, where Duke Kang lived for seven more years and died in 379 BC.[1]
Duke Tai died in 384 BC, just two years after formally ascending the throne. He was succeeded by his sonTian Yan,who would later be killed by Duke Tai's younger son Tian Wu,Duke Huan of Tian Qi.[1]
Mausoleum[edit]
Duke Tai's mausoleum is located near the village of Chengjiagou ( Trình gia mương ) in Putong Township ( bình thường hương ) ofQingzhou,Shandong Province.The extant structure measures 190 metres (620 ft) from east to west, 84 metres (276 ft) from north to south, and 30 metres (98 ft) high. The seven known mausoleums of Tian Qi rulers are now protected as aNational Historical and Cultural Site.[3]Since 2008 they have been included in the tentative list of UNESCOWorld Heritage Sitesas part of the ancient Qi capital and mausoleum complex.[4]
Family[edit]
Wives:
- Lady (d. 364 BC), the mother of Prince Yan
Concubines:
- Consort Xiao (Hiếu phi), the mother of Prince Wu
Sons:
- PrinceYan(Công tử diệm;d. 375 BC), ruled as the Duke of Qi from 383–375 BC
- Prince Wu (Công tử ngọ;400–357 BC), ruled asDuke Huan of Tian Qifrom 374–357 BC
Ancestry[edit]
| Viscount Xi of Tian (d. 485 BC) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Viscount Cheng of Tian | |||||||||||||||||||
| Viscount Xiang of Tian | |||||||||||||||||||
| Viscount Zhuang of Tian (d. 411 BC) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Duke Tai of Tian Qi (d. 384 BC) | |||||||||||||||||||
References[edit]
- ^abcdeHan Zhaoqi ( Hàn triệu kỳ ) (2010). "House of Tian Jingzhong Wan".Shiji( sử ký )(in Chinese). Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company. pp. 3659–3663.ISBN978-7-101-07272-3.
- ^Sima Qian.Điền kính trọng xong thế gia[House of Tian Jingzhong Wan].Records of the Grand Historian(in Chinese). Guoxue.Retrieved1 June2012.
- ^Chiến quốc vương lăng điển hình đại biểu -- điền tề vương lăng[Tian Qi mausoleums: typical examples of Warring States mausoleums] (in Chinese). Qidu.net. 11 January 2009. Archived fromthe originalon 23 June 2012.Retrieved1 June2012.
- ^"Site of the Qi State Capital and the Mausoleum of King of the Qi State at Linzi".UNESCO.Retrieved1 June2012.