Dyoenergism
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Dyoenergism(fromGreekδυοενεργητισμός "two energies" ) is a particularChristologicaldoctrine that teaches the existence of twoenergies(divine and human) in the person ofJesus Christ.Specifically, dyoenergism correlates the distinctiveness of two energies with the existence of two specific natures (divine and human) in the person of Jesus Christ, the position known asdyophysitism.
History
[edit]Dyoenergism stands in opposition to the view ofmonoenergism,which is the doctrine that Jesus has only one energy, and was advocated for bySt. Dionysius.[1]Rather, dyoenergism teaches that Jesus Christ acts through two energies, divine and human. TheSixth Ecumenical Councilheld in Constantinople in 680-681 reaffirmed dyoenergism as church doctrine and condemned both monoenergism andmonothelitism,[2]stating:[3]
And as we recognize two natures, so also we recognize two natural wills and two natural operations [...] And, as has been said, we rejected and condemned that most impious and unsubstantial heresy which affirmed but one will and one operation in the incarnate Christ our true God.
The term energy is derived from the term energeia, which typically means "activity" or "operation",[1]or more specifically in the "natural energy" sense employed by St. Maximus, a "natural, constitutive power,"[4]in other words, a capacity for a pattern of activity. The primary difference in the monoenergist controversy of the 5th and 6th centuries was whether energy is to be associated withperson,which is one in Christ, or rather with his natures.[1]Dyoenergism is predicated ondyophysitism('as we recognize[...] so also we recognize') - each differentnaturecorresponds to a different energeia, as expressed bySt. Cyril of Alexandria:"No sensible person would concede that things different in kind and nature possess the same operation."[5]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^abcBradshaw, David.""The Essence-Energies Debate: Philosophical Background and Issues, "workshop on" Akindynos' Role in the Hesychast Controversy, "University of Bern, Switzerland, March 2019".
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(help) - ^Meyendorff, John (1989).Imperial Unity and Christian Divisions: The Church, 450-680 AD.St. Vladimir's Seminary Press.ISBN978-0-88141-056-3.
- ^"CHURCH FATHERS: Third Council of Constantinople (A.D. 680-681)".newadvent.org.Retrieved2024-02-16.
- ^Maximos the Confessor (2014).On Difficulties in the Church Fathers: The Ambigua, Volume I & II.Translated by Constas, Nicholas. Harvard University Press (published 28 April 2014).ISBN9780674726666.
- ^Admin, Admin (28 April 2016)."St. Cyril on Dyoenergism and Dyotheletism".Classical Christianity.Retrieved16 February2024.
Sources
[edit]- Hovorun, Cyril (2008).Will, Action and Freedom: Christological Controversies in the Seventh Century.Leiden-Boston: BRILL.ISBN978-9004166660.
- Meyendorff, John(1983).Byzantine Theology: Historical Trends and Doctrinal Themes(Revised 2 ed.). New York: Fordham University Press.ISBN9780823209675.
- Meyendorff, John(1989).Imperial unity and Christian divisions: The Church 450-680 A.D.The Church in history. Vol. 2. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press.ISBN9780881410563.
- Ostrogorsky, George(1956).History of the Byzantine State.Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
External links
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