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European Broadcasting Union

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"EBU" redirects here. For other uses, seeEBU (disambiguation).

European Broadcasting Union
Union européenne de radio-télévision
PredecessorInternational Broadcasting Union
Formation12 February 1950;74 years ago(1950-02-12)
TypeUnion of broadcasting organisations
HeadquartersGeneva,Switzerland
Membership
  • 112 member organisations
  • (in 54 countries)
Official language
English, French
President
Delphine Ernotte[1]
Director-General
Noel Curran
Websiteebu.chEdit this at Wikidata

TheEuropean Broadcasting Union(EBU;French:Union européenne de radio-télévision,UER) is an alliance ofpublic service mediaorganisations whose countries are within theEuropean Broadcasting Areaor who aremembers of the Council of Europe.As of 2024,it is made up of 123 member organisations from 56 countries,[2]and 31 associate members from a further 20 countries.[3]It was established in 1950, and has its administrative headquarters in Geneva.

The EBU owns and operates theEurovisionand Euroradiotelecommunications networkson which major television and radio broadcasts are distributed live to its members. It also operates the daily Eurovision news exchange in which members share breaking news footage. In 2017, the EBU launched the Eurovision Social Newswire, an eyewitness and video verification service. Led by Head of Social Newsgathering, Derek Bowler, the service provides members of the EBU with verified and cleared-for-use newsworthy eyewitness media emerging on social media.[4]

The EBU, in co-operation with its members, produces programmes and organises events in which its members can participate, such as theEurovision Song Contest,its best known production, or theEurovision Debatesbetween candidates forpresident of the European Commissionfor the2014,2019and2024parliamentary elections.[5]The Director-General isNoel Curransince 2017.

General description

[edit]
The classic opening ident that preceded allEurovision networktransmissions until 1994. The logotypes of both the sending and receiving companies were shown in the middle. This sample shows the old logo of theBBC.
The candidates standing onstage
European Commission presidency candidates atEurovision Debate(May 2019). Left to right: Zahradil, Cué, Keller, Vestager, Timmermans, Weber.

EBU members arepublic service media (PSM) broadcastersestablished by law but are non-partisan, independent and run for the benefit of society as a whole.

EBU members come from as far north asIcelandand as far south asEgypt,fromIrelandin the west andAzerbaijanin the east, and almost every nation from geographical Europe in between. Associate members from the United States includeABC,CBS,NBC,CPB,NPR,APMand the only individual station,Chicago-basedclassical musicradioWFMT.[3]

Membership is for media organisations whose countries are within theEuropean Broadcasting Area,as defined by theInternational Telecommunication Union,or who aremembers of the Council of Europe.[6]

Members benefit from:

  • Access to content ranging from exclusive sports rights to exchanges for news, music and children's programmes.
  • Representatives in Brussels, and in other international arenas, lobbying for PSM and ensuring the optimal legal and technical framework for broadcasters.
  • Opportunities for sharing, learning and collaborating through conferences, working groups, training, and dedicated advice and guidance.
  • A centre for learning and sharing new technology and innovation with a team of experts providing strategic advice and guidance.

The EBU's highest-profile production is theEurovision Song Contest.The EBU also organises theEurovision Dance Contest,theJunior Eurovision Song Contest,theEurovision Young Dancerscompetition, and other competitions which are modeled along similar lines.

Radio collaborations includeEuroclassic Notturno—an overnight classical music stream, produced byBBC Radio 3and broadcast in the United Kingdom asThrough the Night—and special theme days, such as the annual Christmas music relays from around Europe.[7]The EBU is a member of theInternational Music Council.

Most EBU broadcasters have group deals to carry major sporting events including theFIFA World Cupand the inauguralEuropean Championships.Another annually recurring event which is broadcast across Europe through the EBU is theVienna New Year's Concert.[8]

Eurovision Media Services is the business arm of the EBU and provides media services for many media organisations and sports federations around the world.

Ident

[edit]

The theme music played before and after every EBU broadcast isMarc-Antoine Charpentier'sPrelude toTe Deum.It is played before and after theEurovision Song Contestand other important events.[9]

History

[edit]
EBU's previous logo used from 1994 to 17 June 2012.
Vienna New Year's Concert.

The EBU was a successor to theInternational Broadcasting Union(IBU) that was founded in 1925 and had its administrative headquarters in Geneva and technical office in Brussels. It fostered programming exchanges between members and mediated technical disputes between members that were mostly concerned with frequency and interference issues. It was in effect taken over byNazi Germanyduring the Second World War, and thereafter theAlliesviewed it as a compromised organisation that they could not trust.

In the spring of 1946, representatives of the Soviet radio committee proposed forming a new organisation; however, at the same time preparations were being made for an inter-governmental "European Broadcasting Conference" inCopenhagenin 1948 to draw up a new plan for frequency use in the European Broadcasting Area. It was considered necessary to have an organisation that could implement the "Copenhagen Wavelength Plan"but there was disagreement among broadcasters and particularly a fear expressed by the BBC that a new association might be dominated by the USSR and its proposal to give each of itsconstituent statesone vote. France proposed that it would have four votes with the inclusion ofits North African colonies.The United Kingdom felt it would have little influence with just one vote.

On 27 June 1946, the alternativeInternational Broadcasting Organisation(IBO) was founded with 26 members and without British participation. The following day the IBU met in General Assembly and an attempt was made to dissolve it but failed; though 18 of its 28 members left to join the IBO.[10]For a period of time in the late 1940s both the IBU and IBO vied for the role of organising frequencies but Britain decided to be in involved in neither. The BBC attempted but failed to find suitable working arrangements with them. However, for practical purposes, the IBO rented the IBU technical centre in Brussels and employed its staff. The BBC then proposed a new solution based on the IBO changing its constitution so there will be only one member perInternational Telecommunication Union(ITU) country, thus ensuring a Western majority over the USSR and its satellite states. In August 1949 a meeting took place inStresa,Italy but it resulted in disagreement between delegates on how to resolve the problems. One proposal was for theEuropean Broadcasting Areato be replaced by one that would exclude Eastern Europe, theLevantand North Africa.

After Stresa, a consensus emerged among the Western Europeans to form a new organisation and the BBC proposed it be based in London. Meetings in Paris on 31 October and 1 November 1949 sealed the fate of the IBU and IBO, but it was decided not to allowWest Germanyto be a founder of the new organisation. On 13 February 1950 the European Broadcasting Union had its first meeting with 23 members from the ITU definedEuropean Broadcasting Areaat the Imperial Hotel inTorquay,England, United Kingdom. The first president was Ian Jacob of the BBC who remained at the helm for 10 years while its operation was largely dominated by the BBC due to its financial, technical and staff input. The most important difference between the EBU and its predecessors was that EBU membership was for broadcasters and not governments. Early delegates said EBU meetings were cordial and professional and very different from the abrupt tone of its predecessors. West Germany was admitted in 1951 and a working relationship forged with the USSR's Organisation for International Radio and TV (OIRT) which existed in parallel with the EBU until its merger on 1 January 1993.[10]

In 1967, the first concert in the International Concert Season of the European Broadcasting Union was broadcast from theQueen Elizabeth Hallin London.[11]

Technical activities

[edit]

The objective of theEBU's technical activitiesis simply to assist EBU Members (see below) in this period of unprecedented technological changes. This includes the provision of technical information to Members via conferences and workshops, as well as in written form (such as theEBU Technical Review,and theEBU tech-imagazine).

The EBU also encourages active collaboration between its Members on the basis that they can freely share their knowledge and experience, thus achieving considerably more than individual Members could achieve by themselves. Much of this collaboration is achieved through Project Groups which study specific technical issues of common interest: for example, EBU Members have long been preparing for the revision of the 1961 Stockholm Plan.

The EBU places great emphasis on the use of open standards. Widespread use of open standards (such asMPEG-2,DAB,DVB,etc.) ensures interoperability between products from different vendors, as well as facilitating the exchange of programme material between EBU Members and promoting "horizontal markets" for the benefit of all consumers.

EBU Members and the EBU Technical Department have long played an important role in the development of many systems used in radio and television broadcasting, such as:

The EBU has also actively encouraged the development and implementation of:

  • Digital radio(DAB) through Eureka Project 147 and the WorldDAB Forum.
  • DVB(Digital Video Broadcasting) through the DVB Project and DigiTAG.
  • Digital radio in the bands currently used for AM broadcasting throughDigital Radio Mondiale(DRM).
  • Standardisation ofPVRsystems through theTV-AnytimeForum.
  • Development of other content distribution networks on the internet through P2PTV; EBU Project Group D/P2P, from November 2007 to April 2008, with a trial of selected member channels, thanks to Octoshape's distribution platform.[12]The EBU is also part of the European P2P-Next project.

Controversies

[edit]

Greek state broadcaster (2013)

[edit]

On 11 June 2013, the Greek government shut down the state broadcasterHellenic Broadcasting Corporation(ERT) on short notice, citing government spending concerns related to theEuropean debt crisis.[13]In response, the EBU set up a makeshift studio the same day near the former ERT offices in Athens in order to continue providing EBU members with the news-gathering and broadcast relay services which had formerly been provided by ERT.[14]The EBU put out a statement expressing its "profound dismay" at the shutdown, urging theGreek Prime Minister"to use all his powers to immediately reverse this decision" and offered the "advice, assistance and expertise necessary for ERT to be preserved".[15]Starting on 4 May 2014, the new state broadcasterNew Hellenic Radio, Internet and Television(NERIT) began nationwide transmissions, taking over ERT's vacant active membership slot in the EBU.[16]On 11 June 2015, two years after ERT's closure, NERIT was renamed as Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (ERT),[17][18]which reopened with a comprehensive program in all radio stations (with nineteen regional, two world-range and five pan-Hellenic range radio stations) and three TV channelsERT1,ERT2andERT3.

Belarusian state broadcaster (2021)

[edit]

The Belarusian Television and Radio Company (BTRC) has been accused of repressing its own employees, having fired more than 100 people since a wave ofanti-Lukashenko protestsin 2020 following alleged election fraud. Many of them have also been jailed. Many voices have been raised against the participation of Belarus and the BTRC in the otherwise unpoliticalEurovision Song Contestin 2021, the argument being that the EBU would make a political statement if it did endorse Belarus by essentially and silently saying that democracy is unimportant and so are basic human rights such as freedom of speech.[19]

On 28 May 2021, the EBU suspended the BTRC's membership as they had been "particularly alarmed by the broadcast of interviews apparently obtained under duress". BTRC was given two weeks to respond before the suspension came into effect, but did not do so publicly.[20]The suspension of the broadcaster was made effective on 1 July 2021.[21][22]Although initial reports mentioned that it would expire after three years, in April 2024 the EBU confirmed that the suspension had been made indefinite.[23]

Russian state broadcasters (2022)

[edit]

The three Russian members of the EBU,Channel One Russia,VGTRK,and Radio Dom Ostankino are all controlled by the Russian government.[24]On 21 February 2022, the Russian government recognized the independence of theDonetskandLuhansk People's Republics,disputed territories that are internationally recognized as part ofUkraine.Ukraine's public broadcasterSuspilnecalled on the EBU to terminate the membership of Channel One Russia and VGTRK, and to consider preventing Russia from participating in theEurovision Song Contest 2022,citing the Russian government's use of both outlets to spreaddisinformation surrounding the Russo-Ukrainian war.[25]Following theRussian invasion of Ukraine,several other public broadcasters joined UA:PBC in calling for Russia's exclusion from the 2022 Contest; Finland'sYleand Estonia'sERRstated that they would not send a representative if Russia was allowed to participate.[26][27]After initially stating that both Russia and Ukraine would be allowed to compete,[28]the EBU announced on 25 February 2022 that it would ban Russia from participating in the Contest.[29]

The three Russian broadcasters announced, via a statement released by Russian state media, that they would withdraw from the EBU on 26 February, citing increased politicization of the organization.[30]The EBU released a statement saying that it was aware of the reports, but that it had not received any formal confirmation.[31]On 1 March, a further statement from the EBU announced that it had suspended its Russian members from its governance structures.[32]On 26 May, the EBU made effective the suspension of its Russian members indefinitely.[33][34]

In 2023, an extensive investigation by the EBU Investigative Journalism Network uncovered evidence of a Kremlin-sponsoredinitiative to take Ukrainian children from the war-torn country to Russia,a war crime under international law.[35]

Members

[edit]
Map of EBU members in Europe (as of May 2024)
Countries with active EBU membership coloured in order of accession from 1950.

As of June 2024,the list of EBU members comprises the following 77 broadcasting companies from 56 countries.[2]

Current members

[edit]
Country Broadcasting organisation Abbr. Year
Albania Albanian Radio-Television(Radio Televizioni Shqiptar) RTSH 1999
Algeria Public Establishment of Television(المؤسّسة العمومية للتلفزيون,Établissement public de télévision) EPTV 1970
National Sound Broadcasting Company(المؤسسة العمومية للبث الإذاعي,Entreprise nationale de radiodiffusion sonore) ENRS
Algerian Broadcasting Company(البث الإذاعي والتلفزي الجزائري,Télédiffusion d'Algérie) TDA
Andorra Radio and Television of Andorra(Ràdio i Televisió d'Andorra) RTVA 2002
Armenia Public Television Company of Armenia(Հայաստանի Հանրային Հեռուստաընկերություն,Hayastani Hanrayin Herrustaynkerut'yun) ARMTV
ՀՀՀ 		2005
Public Radio of Armenia(Հայաստանի Հանրային Ռադիո,Hayastani Hanrayin Radio) ARMR
Austria Österreichischer Rundfunk ORF 1953
Azerbaijan İctimai Televiziya və Radio Yayımları Şirkəti: İCTI/İTV 2007
Belgium Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie VRT 1950
Radio-Télévision Belge de la Communauté Française RTBF
Bosnia and Herzegovina Radio and Television of Bosnia and Herzegovina(Bosanskohercegovačka radiotelevizija) BHRT 1993
Bulgaria Bulgarian National Radio(Българско национално радио,Bǎlgarsko nacionalno radio) BNR
БНР 		1993
Bulgarian National Television(Българска национална телевизия,Balgarska natsionalna televizia) BNT
БНТ
Croatia Croatian Radiotelevision(Hrvatska radiotelevizija) HRT 1993
Cyprus Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation(Ραδιοφωνικό Ίδρυμα Κύπρου,Radiofonikó Ídryma Kýprou,Kıbrıs Radyo Yayın Kurumu) CyBC
ΡΊΚ
RKYK 		1969
Czechia Český rozhlas ČRo 1993
Česká televize ČT
Denmark Danmarks Radio DR 1950
TV2 Danmark DK/TV2 1989
Egypt National Media Authority(الهيئة الوطنية للإعلام) NTU 1985
Estonia Eesti Rahvusringhääling: ERR 1993
Finland Yleisradio(Rundradion) Yle 1950
France Groupe de Radiodiffusion Française: GRF 1950
Georgia Georgian Public Broadcaster(საქართველოს საზოგადოებრივი მაუწყებელი,sakartvelos sazogadoebrivi mauts'q'ebeli) GPB
სსმ 		2005
Germany Arbeitsgemeinschaft der öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland(The Working Group of Public Broadcasters in the Federal Republic of Germany, ARD): ARD 1952
Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen(Second German Television) ZDF 1963
Greece Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation(Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία Τηλεόραση,Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi) ERT 1950–2013,
2015
Hungary Médiaszolgáltatás-támogató és Vagyonkezelő Alap(Media Support and Asset Management Fund): MTVA 2014
Iceland Ríkisútvarpið RÚV 1956
Ireland Raidió Teilifís Éireann RTÉ 1950
TG4 TG4 2007
Israel Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation(תַּאֲגִיד הַשִׁיְדּוּר הַיִשְׂרָאֵלִי,Taʾăḡid HaŠidûr HaYiśrāʾēli) (هَيْئَة اَلْبَثّ اَلْإِسْرَائِيلي,Hayʾat al-Baṯṯ al-Isrāʾīlī) KAN 2017
Italy RAI – Radiotelevisione Italiana RAI 1950
Jordan Jordan Radio and Television Corporation(مؤسسة الإذاعة والتلفزيون الأردني) JRTV 1970
Latvia Public Broadcasting of Latvia(Latvijas Sabiedriskie mediji): LSM 1993
Lebanon Télé Liban(تلفزيون لبنان) TL 1950
Libya Libya National Channel(قناة ليبيا الوطنية) LNC 2011
Lithuania Lithuanian National Radio and Television(Lietuvos nacionalinis radijas ir televizija) LRT 1993
Luxembourg RTL Group RTL 1950
Établissement de Radiodiffusion Socioculturelle du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ERSL 1996
Malta Public Broadcasting Services PBS 1970
Moldova Compania Națională "Teleradio-Moldova" TRM 1993
Monaco Monaco Media Diffusion MMD 1994
TVMonaco TVM 2024
Montenegro Radio i televizija Crne Gore(Радио и телевизија Црне Горе) RTCG
РТЦГ 		2006
Morocco Société Nationale de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision(الشَرِكَة الوَطَنِيَّة لِلْإِذَاعَة وَالتَلْفَزَة,ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵡⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ) SNRT 1950
Netherlands Nederlandse Publieke Omroep(Dutch Public Broadcaster): NPO 1950
North Macedonia Macedonian Radio Television(Македонска Радио Телевизиjа,Makedonska radio televizija) MRT
МРТ 		1993
Norway Norsk Rikskringkasting NRK 1950
TV 2 Group(TV 2 Gruppen) NO/TV2 1993
Poland Telewizja Polska TVP 1993
Polskie Radio PR
Portugal Rádio e Televisão de Portugal RTP 1950
Romania Societatea Română de Radiodifuziune ROR 1993
Societatea Română de Televiziune RO/TVR
San Marino San Marino RTV SMRTV 1995
Serbia Radio-televizija Srbije(Радио-телевизија Србије) RTS 2006
Slovakia Slovak Television and Radio(Slovenská televízia a rozhlas) STVR 2024
Slovenia Radiotelevizija Slovenija RTVSLO 1993
Spain Radiotelevisión Española RTVE 1955
Sweden Sveriges Rundradiotjänst: SRT 1950
Switzerland Swiss Broadcasting Corporation: SRG SSR 1950
Tunisia Établissement de la Radio Tunisienne(مؤسسة الإذاعة التونسية) RTT 2007
Établissement de la Télévision Tunisienne(مؤسسة التلفزة التونسية)
Turkey Türkiye Radyo ve Televizyon Kurumu TRT 1950
Ukraine National Public Broadcasting Company of Ukraine(Національна суспільна телерадіокомпанія України,Natsionalna Suspilna Teleradiokompaniya Ukrayiny) SU 1993
United Kingdom British Broadcasting Corporation BBC 1950
United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting: UKIB 1981
Vatican City Vatican Radio(Radio Vaticana,Statio Radiophonica Vaticana) VR 1950

Suspended members

[edit]
Country Broadcasting organisation Abbr. Year Suspended
Belarus National State TV and Radio Company of the Republic of Belarus BTRC 1993 2021[23]
Russia Channel One Russia C1R 1995 2022[36][37]
All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company VGTRK 1993
Radio Dom Ostankino: RDO 1996

Past members

[edit]
Country Broadcasting organisation Abbr. From To
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovak Television(Československá televize) ČST 1991[38] 1992[a]
FinlandFinland MTV3 FI/MTV 1993 2019[39]
FranceFrance Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française RTF 1950 1964
Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française ORTF 1964 1975
Télédiffusion de France TDF 1975 1982
TF1 TF1 1975 2018
Europe 1 E1 1978 2022
Organisme Français de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision OFRT 1983 1992[b]
Canal+ C+ 1984 2018
GreeceGreece New Hellenic Radio, Internet and Television(Νέα Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία, Ίντερνετ και Τηλεόραση,Néa Ellinikí Radiofonía, Ínternet kai Tileórasi) NERIT 2014 2015[c]
HungaryHungary Duna TV Duna 2013 2015[d]
Magyar Rádió MR 1993
Magyar Televízió MTV
IsraelIsrael Israel Broadcasting Authority(רָשׁוּת השִּׁדּוּר,Rashút HaShidúr) IBA 1957 2017[e]
Libya Libyan Jamahiriya Broadcasting Corporation(الجماهيرية اللّيبيّة) LJBC 1974 2011
Malta Maltese Broadcasting Authority MBA 1970 2003
Monaco Groupement de Radiodiffuseurs Monégasques: GRMC 1950 2021
Telemontecarlo (nowLa7) TMC 1981 2001
Russia Channel One Ostankino[ru](Первый канал Останкино) C1O 1994 1995[f]
Serbia and Montenegro Udruženje javnih radija i televizija(Alliance of Public Radio and Television) UJRT 2001 2006[g]
SlovakiaSlovakia Slovenský rozhlas SRo 1993 2011[h]
Slovenská televízia STV
Radio and Television of Slovakia(Rozhlas a televízia Slovenska) RTVS 2011 2024[i]
SpainSpain Antena 3 Radio A3R 1986 1993
Radio Popular SA COPE COPE 1998 2019[40]
Sociedad Española de Radiodifusión SER 1982 2020
SwedenSweden TV4 SE/TV4 2004 2019[41]
TunisiaTunisia Établissement de la radiodiffusion-télévision tunisienne(Tunisian Radio and Television Establishment) ERTT 1990 2007[j]
United KingdomUnited Kingdom Independent Television Authority ITA 1959 1972
Independent Television Companies Association ITCA 1959 1981
Independent Broadcasting Authority IBA 1972 1981[k]
Commercial Radio Companies Association (nowRadiocentre) CRCA 1981[l] 2006
Yugoslavia Yugoslav Radio Television(Југослoвенска радиотелевизија,Jugoslavenska radiotelevizija) JRT 1950 1992

Associate members

[edit]
Countries with Associate EBU Membership.

Any group or organisation from anInternational Telecommunication Union(ITU) member country, which provides a radio or television service outside of the European Broadcasting Area, is permitted to submit applications to the EBU for Associate Membership.[43]

It is also noted by the EBU that any country that is granted Associate Member status does not gain access into Eurovision events[3]with the notable exceptions ofAustralia,who have participated in theEurovision Song Contestand theJunior Eurovision Song Contestfrom 2015 - 2019, Canada inEurovision Young Dancersbetween 1987 and 1989 andKazakhstan,who participated in Junior Eurovision from 2018 - 2022, all of which were individually invited.

The list of Associate Members of EBU comprised the following 31 broadcasting companies from 20 countries as of December 2023.[3]

Country Broadcasting organisation Abbr. Year
Australia Australian Broadcasting Corporation ABC 1950
FreeTV Australia Free 1962
Special Broadcasting Service SBS 1979
Bangladesh National Broadcasting Authority of Bangladesh NBA B 1974
Brazil TV Cultura(Fundação Padre Anchieta) FPA 2012
Canada Canadian Broadcasting Corporation(Société Radio-Canada) CBC 1950
Chile Canal 13 C13 1971
China China Media Group(Trung ương quảng bá TV tổng đài) CMG 2010
Shanghai Media Group(Thượng Hải văn hóa quảng bá phim ảnh tập đoàn công ty hữu hạn) SMG 2016
Cuba Cuban Institute of Radio and Television(Instituto Cubano de Radio y Televisión) ICRT 1992
Georgia Teleimedi TEME 2004
Rustavi 2(რუსთავი 2) RB 2003
Hong Kong Radio Television Hong Kong(Hong Kong radio) RTHK 1983
Iran Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting(صدا و سيمای جمهوری اسلامی ايران) IRIB 1968
Japan Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai(Nhật Bản truyền hiệp hội) NHK 1951
TBS Holdings(TBSホールディングス) TBS 2000
Kazakhstan Khabar Agency("Хабар" Агенттігі,Агентство «Хабар») KA 2016
Malaysia Radio Television of Malaysia(Radio Televisyen Malaysia,راديو تيليۏيشن مليسيا) RTM 1970
Mauritius Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation MBC 1980
Nepal Association of Community Radio Broadcasters Nepal ACORAB 2023
New Zealand Radio New Zealand(Te Reo Irirangi o Aotearoa) RNZ 1950
Television New Zealand(Te Reo Tātaki o Aotearoa) TVNZ 1980
Oman Public Authority for Radio and TV of Oman PART 1976
South Korea Korean Broadcasting System(한국방송공사) KBS 1974
Syria General Organization of Radio and TV
(Organisation de la Radio-Télévision Arabe Syrienne,الهيئة العامة للإذاعة والتلفزيون – سورية)		 ORTAS 1978
United States American Broadcasting Company ABC 1959
American Public Media APM 2004
Columbia Broadcasting System CBS 1956
National Public Radio NPR 1971
National Broadcasting Company NBC 1953
WFMT Radio Network WFMT 1980

Past associate members

[edit]

The list of past associate members of EBU comprises the following 94 broadcasting companies from 55 countries and 1 autonomous territory.[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]

Country Broadcasting organisation Abbr. From To
Argentina Canal 7 C7 1970
El Trece C13 1973
Australia Australian Fine Music Network AFMN 2008 2010
Bahamas Broadcasting Corporation of The Bahamas BCB 1975
Barbados Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation BB/CBC 1971 2005
Benin Radiodiffusion du Dahomey RD 1975
Brazil Associação Brasileira das Emissoras de Rádio e Televisão ABERT
Diários Associados DA
Emissoras Unidas de Rádio e Televisão[pt] EURT 1969
TV Globo GLOBO 1970
Network of Independent Broadcasters(Rede de Emissoras Independentes) REI 1974 1975
Rádio Nacional RN 1974 1975
Canada CTV Television Network CTV 1969
Agency for Tele-Education in Canada ATEC 1975 1981
Chad Chadian National Radio(Radiodiffusion Nationale Tchadienne) RNT 1974
Chile Televisión Nacional de Chile TVN 1970
Colombia Instituto Nacional de Radio y Televisión IRV 1970
Congo Radiodiffusion Télévision Congolaise RTC 1974
Costa Rica Telesistema Nacional S.R.L. TSN 1969 1971
Ecuador Teleamazonas 4TA 1975
Gabon Radiodiffusion-Télévision Gabonaise RTG
Gambia Gambia Radio & Television Service GRTS 2010
Ghana Ghana Broadcasting Corporation GBC
Greenland Kalaallit Nunaata Radioa(Greenlandic Broadcasting Corporation) KNR 1978 2011
Guyana Guyana Broadcasting Service GBS 1977
Haiti Service des Télécommunications 1969
Honduras Televisora de Honduras, S.A. TH 1969 1971
Hong Kong Asia Television(Châu Á TV công ty hữu hạn) ATV 2010
Television Broadcasts Limited TVB 1973 2012/2013
India All India Radio AIR 1979 2021
Indonesia Radio Republik Indonesia RRI 1973 1981
Televisi Republik Indonesia TVRI 1973 1981
Iraq Iraqi Broadcasting and Television Establishment IBTE
Ivory Coast Radiodiffusion Television Ivoirienne RTI
Jamaica Jamaica Broadcasting Corporation JBC 1970 1981
Japan Mainichi Broadcasting System(Kabushiki gaisha mỗi ngày truyền,Kabushiki-gaisha Mainichi Hōsō) MBS 1970
TV Asahi ANB 2009
Fuji Television FTN 1969 2012/2013
National Association of Commercial Broadcasters in Japan NACB 2012/2013
Nippon Television Network Corporation(Nhật Bản テレビ truyền võng kabushiki gaisha,Nihon Terebi Hōsōmō kabushiki gaisha) NTV 2009
Tokyo FM TFM 1986 2021
Kenya The Voice of Kenya VK
Kuwait Kuwait Broadcasting and Television Service KBTS 1970
Liberia Liberian Broadcasting Corporation LBC 1981
Madagascar Radiodiffusion-Télévision de Madagascar RTM 1971
Malawi Malawi Broadcasting Corporation MBC
Mauritania Television of Mauritania MR/TVM 2003 2013
Mexico Telesistema Mexicano TSM 1973
Televisión Independiente de México(Mexican Independent Television) TIM 1969 1973
Tele-Cadena Mexicana TCM 1969 1973
Televisa SA de CV TVA 1973 2005
Corporación Mexicana de Radio y Televisión CMRT 1973
Nepal Nepal Television(नेपाल टेलिभिजन) NTVC 2010
Niger Office de radiodiffusion et Télévision du Niger ORTN 1981
Nigeria Nigerian Broadcasting Corporation NBC
Pakistan Radio Pakistan(ریڈیو پاکستان) RP 1974
Pakistan Television Corporation(پاکستان ٹیلی وژن نیٹ ورک) PK/PTV 1971 2010
Palestine Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation(هيئة الإذاعة والتلفزيون الفلسطينية) PBC 2002 2014
Papua New Guinea National Broadcasting Corporation NBC 1977
Peru Teledos T2 1969 1971
Compañía Peruana de Radiodifusión AMÉRICA 1969
Panamericana Televisión PANTEL 1969
Qatar Qatar Television and Broadcasting Service QTBC 1973
Al Jazeera Children's Channel JCC 2008 2013
Qatar Radio(إذاعة قطر) QR 2009 2009
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabian Broadcasting and Television Service SABTVS
Senegal Radiodiffusion Télévision Sénégalaise RTS 1973 2006
Sri Lanka Ceylon Broadcasting Corporation CBC 1973
Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation(ශ්‍රී ලංකා ගුවන් විදුලි සංස්ථාව,Shrī Lankā Guvan Viduli Sansthāva) (இலங்கை ஒலிபரப்புக் கூட்டுத்தாபனம்,Ilangkai Oliparappuk Kūṭṭuttāpaṉam) SLBC 2007 2010
South Africa South African Broadcasting Corporation SABC 1951 2022
South Korea Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation(주식회사문화방송) MBC 2009
Sudan Sudan Television Service STS 1976
Tanzania Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation TBC
United Arab Emirates Emirates Media Inc. EMI 2006
United Arab Emirates Radio And Television – Dubai UAERTVD 2006
United States National Association of Educational Broadcasters NAEB 1981
Time Life Television TIME 1970
United States Information Agency USIA
National Educational Television NET 1970
Educational Broadcasting Corporation EBC 1971
Corporation for Public Broadcasting CPB 1972
Cable News Network CNN
International Broadcasting Bureau IBB 2007
Minnesota Public Radio MPR 2004 2007
New York Public Radio NYPR 2012 2016
WGBH Educational Foundation WGBH 2014 2014
Upper Volta Radiodiffusion-Télévision Voltaïque RTV 1981
Uruguay Sociedad Televisora Larrañaga(Tele 12) C12 1970 1976
Venezuela Teleinversiones S.A. 1969 1970
Corporación Venezolana de Televisión VV 1973
Radio Caracas Televisión RCTV 2010
Radio Caracas Radio RCR 2010
Zaire La Voix du Zaïre VZ
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation ZBC 2010

Approved participant members

[edit]

Any groups or organisations from a country withInternational Telecommunication Union(ITU) membership, which does not qualify for either the EBU's Active or Associate memberships, but still provide a broadcasting activity for the EBU, are granted a unique Approved Participants membership, which lasts approximately five years. An application for this status may be submitted to the EBU at any given time, providing an annual fee is paid.[58]

The following seven EBU broadcast members had status as Approved Participants in June 2024.[59]

Broadcasting Organisation Abbr.
Arte ARTE
Catalunya Música CAT
Euronews EURONEWS
JP Makedonska Radiodifuzija JP MRD
Cellnex CELLNEX
Radio Television of Vojvodina RTV
TV5Monde TV5

The following members previously had status as Approved Participants.[45][44]

Broadcasting Organisation Abbr.
Antenna Hungária[hu] AH
Abertis Telecom S.A. ABERTIS
International Radio and Television Union (Université radiophonique et télévisuelle internationale) URTI
MBC Limited – Middle East Broadcasting Centre MEBC
Retevisión RETE
Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network RTRN
Sentech SNTC

Organised events

[edit]

The EBU in co-operation with the respective host broadcaster organises competitions and events in which its members can participate if they wish to do so. These include:

Eurovision Song Contest

[edit]
Main article:Eurovision Song Contest
A replica of the Eurovision Song Contest trophy on display inRotterdam,host city of the2021 edition.

TheEurovision Song Contest(French:Concours Eurovision de la chanson)[60]is an annual international song competition between EBU members, that was first held inLugano,Switzerland,on 24 May 1956. Seven countries participated – each submitting two songs, for a total of 14. This was the only contest in which more than one song per country was performed: since 1957, all contests have allowed one entry per country. The1956 contestwas won by the host nation, Switzerland.[61]The most recent host city wasMalmö,Sweden,where Switzerland wonthe competition.

Let the Peoples Sing

[edit]
Main article:Let the Peoples Sing

Let the Peoples Singis a biennial choir competition, the participants of which are chosen from radio recordings entered by EBU radio members. The final, encompassing three categories and around ten choirs, is offered as a live broadcast to all EBU members. The overall winner is awarded theSilver Rose Bowl.

Jeux sans frontières

[edit]
Main article:Jeux sans frontières

Jeux sans frontières(English:Games without frontiers,or Games Without Borders) was a Europe-wide television game show. In its original conception, it was broadcast from 1965 to 1999 under the auspices of the EBU. The original series' run ended in 1982, but was revived in 1988 with a different composition of nations and was hosted by smaller broadcasters.

Eurovision Young Musicians

[edit]
Main article:Eurovision Young Musicians

Eurovision Young Musiciansis a competition for European musicians that are between the ages of 12 and 21 years old. It is organised by the EBU and is a member ofEMCY.Thefirst competitionwas held inManchester,United Kingdom on 11 May 1982.

The televised competition is held every two years, with some countries holding national heats. Since its inaugural edition in 1982, it has become one of the most important music competitions on an international level.

Eurovision Young Dancers

[edit]
Main article:Eurovision Young Dancers

Eurovision Young Dancerswas a biennial dance showcase broadcast on television throughout Europe. Thefirst competitionwas held inReggio Emilia,Italyon 16 June 1985.

It uses a format similar to the Eurovision Song Contest. Every participating country has the opportunity to send a dance act to compete for the title of "Eurovision Young Dancer". The competition is for solo dancers, and all contestants must be between the ages of 16 and 21, and not professionally engaged.

Euroclassic Notturno

[edit]
Main article:Euroclassic Notturno

Euroclassic Notturnois a six-hour sequence of classical music recordings, assembled byBBC Radiofrom material supplied by EBU members and streamed back to those broadcasters by satellite for use in their overnight classical-music schedules. The recordings used are taken not from commercial CDs, but from earlier (usually live) radio broadcasts.[62][63]

Junior Eurovision Song Contest

[edit]
Main article:Junior Eurovision Song Contest

TheJunior Eurovision Song Contest(French:Concours Eurovision de la Chanson Junior)[64]is an annual international song competition that was first held inCopenhagen,Denmark,on 15 November 2003. Sixteen countries participated in theinaugural edition,with each submitting one song, for a total of 16 entries. The inaugural contest was won byCroatia.The winner of the most recent contest, which took place inNice,France,isFrance.[65]

Eurovision Dance Contest

[edit]
Main article:Eurovision Dance Contest

TheEurovision Dance Contest(not to be confused with theEurovision Young Dancers Competition) was an international dancing competition that was held for the first time inLondon,United Kingdom, on 1 September 2007. The competition was repeated in 2008 when it was held inGlasgow,United Kingdom, but has not been held since.

Eurovision Magic Circus Show

[edit]
Main article:Magic Circus Show

TheEurovision Magic Circus Showwas an entertainment show organised by the EBU, which took place in 2010, 2011 and 2012 in Geneva. Children aged between 7–14 representing eight countries within the EBU membership area performed a variety of circus acts at theGeneva Christmas Circus(French:Cirque de Noël Genève). The main show was also accompanied by theMagic Circus Show Orchestra.[66]

Eurovision Choir

[edit]
Main article:Eurovision Choir

The inauguralEurovision Choir,featuring non-professional choirs selected by EBU members, took place on 22 July 2017 in Riga, hosted by the Latvian broadcasterLatvijas Televīzija(LTV). Nine countries took part in the first edition. Carmen Manet from Slovenia was the first winner.

European Sports Championships

[edit]
Main article:European Championships (multi-sport event)

TheEuropean Sports Championshipsis a multi-sport event involving some of the leading sports in Europe. The European Governing Bodies for athletics, aquatics, cycling, rowing, golf, gymnastics and triathlon, coordinated their individual championships as part of thefirst edition[67]in the summer of 2018, hosted by the cities ofBerlin(already chosen as the host for the2018 European Athletics Championships) andGlasgow(already chosen as the host for the2018 European Aquatics Championships,and which concurrently also hosted the events of the other sports).[68][69]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Succeeded by Česká televize (ČT) of the Czech Republic and Slovenská televízia (STV) of Slovakia
  2. ^Succeeded by Groupement des Radiodiffuseurs Français de l'UER (GRF)
  3. ^Succeeded again by Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (ERT)
  4. ^Succeeded by Duna Media Service; operated by Media Support and Asset Management Fund (MTVA)
  5. ^Succeeded by the Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation (KAN)
  6. ^Succeeded by Channel One (C1R)
  7. ^Succeeded by Radio i televizija Crne Gore (RTCG) of Montenegro and Radiotelevizija Srbije (RTS) of Serbia separately (previously these were sub-broadcasters of UJRT)
  8. ^Succeeded by Radio and Television of Slovakia (RTVS)
  9. ^Succeeded by Slovak Television and Radio (STVR)
  10. ^Succeeded byRadioandTélévision Tunisienne(RTT)
  11. ^Succeeded by United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting (UKIB)
  12. ^Founded as Association of Independent Radio Contractors (AIRC) in 1973. It became CRCA in 1996 and merged withRadio Advertising Bureauin 2006 to createRadiocentre.[42]

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[edit]
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