Ectopic ureter
| Ectopic ureter | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Ureteral ectopia |
 | |
| These two illustrations are posterior views of all the possible locations of ectopic ureter insertion (red dots) in a female (left illustration) and a male (right illustration). The different colors indicate embryologic origin of structure: a) red =metanephricduct (ureter), b) yellow =urogenital sinus(bladderandurethra), c) blue =Wolffian duct(Gartner's ducts in female,seminal vesiclesandvasa deferentiain male), pink =Müllerian ducts(vagina in female,prostatic utriclein male), green =hindgut(rectum). | |
| Specialty | Urology |
Ectopic ureter(orureteral ectopia) is a medical condition where theureter,rather than terminating at theurinary bladder,terminates at a different site.[1][2]In males this site is usually theurethra,in females this is usually theurethraorvagina.[3]It can be associated withrenal dysplasia,[4]frequenturinary tract infections,andurinary incontinence(usually continuous drip incontinence).[5]Ectopic ureters are found in 1 of every 2000–4000 patients,[6]and can be difficult to diagnose, but are most often seen onCT scans.[7]
Ectopic ureter is commonly a result of aduplicated renal collecting system,aduplex kidneywith 2 ureters. In this case, usually one ureter drains correctly to the bladder, with the duplicated ureter presenting as ectopic.[8]
The embryology that explains the pathology of an ectopic ureter is a cephalad origin of the ureteral bud on the mesonephric duct. With an abnormally long common excretory duct, the ureter never becomes incorporated into the bladder, and, therefore, remains ectopic. In the female, the most common locations of an ectopic ureter are the bladder neck, urethra, or Gartner's duct which lies between the urethra and the anterior vaginal wall.[9]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^"Definition: ectopic ureter from Online Medical Dictionary".Retrieved2007-12-01.
- ^"An Ectopic Ureter".Retrieved2007-12-01.
- ^"UrologyHealth.org - Pediatric Conditions: Abnormalities - Ectopic Ureter".Archived fromthe originalon 2008-11-14.Retrieved2009-02-09.
- ^"Abnormal Ureteric Development".Retrieved2007-12-01.
- ^Gordon M, Cervellione RM, Hennayake S (2007). "Constant urinary dribbling due to an ectopic ureter and delays in diagnosis".Clin Pediatr (Phila).46(6): 544–6.doi:10.1177/0009922807299311.PMID17579108.S2CID21573692.
- ^"Duplicated Ectopic Ureter"(PDF).Retrieved2009-02-10.[permanent dead link]
- ^"Diagnosis Of Ectopic Ureter As A Cause Of Urinary Incontinence".Retrieved2009-02-10.
- ^"Duplicated Collecting System".Retrieved2009-02-10.
- ^Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G (1975)."Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes".Biochemical Pharmacology.24(17): 1639–41.doi:10.1016/0006-2952(75)90094-5.hdl:10033/333424.PMID10.
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