Eliticide
Eliticideorelitocideis "the killing of the leadership, the educated, and the clergy of a group." It is usually carried out during the beginning of agenocideto cripple a possible resistance movement against its perpetrators. Eliticide occurred in theArmenian genocide,theGerman–Soviet occupation of Poland,theCambodian genocide,theIsaaq genocide,[1]BolshevikRed Terrorin Russia and instances of eliticide during theYugoslav Wars.[2]The term was first used in 1992 by British reporterMichael Nicholsonto describe theBijeljina massacreinBosnia and Herzegovina:[3]during theBosnian War,localSerbswould point out prominentBosniaksto be killed afterwards by Serb soldiers.[4][5]
Eliticide is also carried out in cases of political revolutions supported by the people and targeted against the elites of the overthrown establishment, rather than being unpopular and indiscriminatory, as in the above cases of genocide. For example, during theFrench Revolutionthe revolutionaries executed members of the feudalAncien Régimeby the public use of theguillotine.
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^Pakulski 2016,p. 40.
- ^Totten & Bartrop 2008,p. 129.
- ^Gratz 2011,pp. 409–410.
- ^Totten & Bartrop 2008,p. 130.
- ^Bartrop & Jacobs 2014,p. 2232.
References[edit]
- Bartrop, Paul R.; Jacobs, Steven Leonard (2014).Modern Genocide: The Definitive Resource and Document Collection.ABC-CLIO.ISBN978-1610693646.
- Gratz, Dennis (2011). "Elitocide in Bosnia and Herzegovina and its Impact on the Contemporary Understanding of the Crime of Genocide".Nationalities Papers: The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity.39(3): 409–424.doi:10.1080/00905992.2011.565318.ISSN0090-5992.S2CID153479394.
- Pakulski, Jan (2016)."State Violence and the Eliticide in Poland 1935–49".In Killingsworth, Matt; Sussex, Matthew; Pakulski, Jan (eds.).Violence and the State.Manchester: Manchester University Press. pp. 40–62.ISBN978-1784997168.
- Totten, Samuel; Bartrop, Paul R. (2008).Dictionary of Genocide.Vol. I. ABC-CLIO.ISBN978-0313346422.