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Embracer Group

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Embracer Group AB
Formerly
  • Nordic Games Licensing AB(2011–2016)
  • THQ Nordic AB(2016–2019)
Company typePublic
Nasdaq Stockholm:EMBRAC B
ISINSE0013121589
IndustryVideo games
Founded2011;13 years ago(2011)
FounderLars Wingefors
Headquarters
Karlstad
,
Sweden
Key people
RevenueIncrease38.074 billion kr[2](2023)
Increase0.194 billion kr[2](2023)
Increase4.462 billion kr[2](2023)
Total assetsIncrease116.071 billion kr[2](2023)
Total equityIncrease64.721 billion kr[2](2023)
Owners
Number of employees
15,218 (2023)
ParentNordic Games Group(2011–2016)
SubsidiariesSee§ Subsidiaries
Websiteembracer

Embracer Group AB(formerlyNordic Games Licensing ABandTHQ Nordic AB) is a Swedish video game and mediaholding companybased inKarlstad.The company comprises 10 operative groups: Amplifier Game Invest,Asmodee,CDE Entertainment,Coffee Stain,Dark Horse Media,Deca Games,Easybrain, Freemode,Plaion,andTHQ Nordic.

Embracer Group was established as Nordic Games Licensing within Nordic Games Group in 2011. The latter had previously purchased assets from the bankrupt publisherJoWooDand establishedNordic Games GmbH(a subsidiary of Nordic Games Licensing) to manage them. Nordic Games Licensing continued to purchaseintellectual propertyfrom defunct publishers, notably severalTHQproducts in 2013, followed by the "THQ" trademark in 2014. In August 2016, Nordic Games Licensing and Nordic Games GmbH changed their names to THQ Nordic. The parent company became apublic companyin 2016 and was renamed Embracer Group in 2019. Until 2023, Embracer Group rapidly grew through major acquisitions and investments. After aUS$2 billioninvestment unexpectedly fell through, the company was more than$2 billionin debt and began closing and selling multiple studios and while laying off people at others.

On 22 April 2024, Embracer Group announced its intention to transform into three standalone publicly listed entities on Nasdaq Stockholm within the next two years: a board game segment under the Asmodee group, an indie games segment under Coffee Stain Publishing, and a segment to manage its library of licensed intellectual properties include that of Tolkien'sMiddle Earth.[4]

History[edit]

The original Nordic Games (1990s–2004)[edit]

The SwedishentrepreneurLars Wingefors started several sales businesses during his teenage years, including the second-handcomic bookseller LW Comics at age 13, which made close to 300,000krannually.[5][6]At age 16, Wingefors founded Nordic Games to sell used video games. In its first year, the company generated 5 million kr in revenue. With growing income throughout the 1990s, Nordic Games was turned into a retail chain and opened seven locations across Sweden.[5]The company also acquired the store Spel- & Tele shopen inLinköpingthat Pelle Lundborg had opened four years earlier.[7]

Towards the end of the 1990s, Nordic Games was suffering from a poor corporate structure. Although Wingefors was asked to either seek new partners or bring inventure capital,he opted to sell the company to Gameplay Stockholm, the Swedish subsidiary of Europe-wide retailerGameplay,in March 2000 forstockvalued at£5.96 million.[5][8]Under Gameplay, Nordic Games failed to generate much revenue. It tried to establishmobile game,digital distributionandcable TVbox businesses, all of which did not gain traction.[5]When thedot-com bubbleburst, Gameplay faced financial issues, and Nordic Games was sold back to Wingefors in May 2001 for a symbolic sum of 1 kr (at the time equivalent to£0.07).[5][9][10]Wingefors brought in venture capitalists and reformed the company to only sell newly released games, but the company faced strong competition and finally filed forbankruptcyin 2004.[5]

The new Nordic Games (2004–2011)[edit]

Wingefors invested the money he had left into a newlimited companyand, together with potential customers acting as investors, reformed Nordic Games under the name Game Outlet Europe.[5]The new company saw success with purchasing unsold inventory from larger video game companies (such asElectronic Arts), repackaging them on pallets in itsKarlstadheadquarters, and selling them on the international market and through other retail chains, including Jula,Coop,andICA.[5][6]In December 2008, Nordic Games Publishing was established as thevideo game publishingsubsidiary of Game Outlet Europe.[7]The subsidiary started out with seven people, including primary shareholder Wingefors, based in Karlstad, andchief executive officerLundborg, who had since moved toMálagawith his wife.[7][11]Nik Blower inLondonwas added to the management team in February 2010.[7][12]

The idea behind Nordic Games Publishing was to invest in the development of games that would fill gaps in the video game market. Wingefors and Lundborg had noticed that the line-up of games forNintendoplatforms was lackingkaraokegames similar toSingStar,which was exclusive toPlayStationconsoles.[7]Based on 100-page requirement documents from Nintendo, which included that the game's microphones should be produced byLogitech,and four months of research at a karaoke bar inWatford,England, Nordic Games Publishing assembled a song list for a prospective game and started producing what would later becomeWe Sing.[7]Around this time, Nordic Games Publishing also releasedDance Party Club Hits,adance gamethat came bundled with a dancing mat.[7]In 2009, Nordic Games Publishing had a turnover of 50 million kr, of which 75% were accounted for by sales ofWe Sing.[7]For 2010, the company projected a turnover of 200 million kr, while at the same time, Lundborg was looking for new investors to make the company independent of Game Outlet Europe.[7]By March 2011, Nordic Games Holding had been established as aholding company,with Game Outlet Europe and Nordic Games Publishing aligned as its subsidiaries.[5]

Initial international expansion (2011–2018)[edit]

Former logo of THQ Nordic AB (2016–2019)

In June 2011, Nordic Games Holding acquired the assets of the insolvent publisherJoWooDand its subsidiaries.[13][14]The acquired assets were transferred toNordic Games GmbH,a newly established subsidiary office inVienna,Austria.[15]Several former JoWooD employees were hired by Nordic Games GmbH to work on the backlog sales of former JoWooD properties, and Nordic Games Publishing was integrated into Nordic Games GmbH to facilitate publishing operations.[16]Nordic Games Licensing AB, also established in 2011, became the holding company within Nordic Games Holding (later known as Nordic Games Group), as well as the parent company of Nordic Games GmbH.[17][18]In April 2013, Nordic Games Licensing bought several assets of the bankrupt publisherTHQto be managed by Nordic Games GmbH.[17]It obtained the "THQ"trademarkin June 2014, intending to use the name as a publishing label for its THQ properties.[19]Subsequently, in August 2016, the company changed its name to THQ Nordic, while Nordic Games GmbH became THQ Nordic GmbH.[19][20]According to Wingefors and THQ Nordic GmbH's Reinhard Pollice, the name change was undergone to capitalise on the good reputation of THQ's past, although they avoided naming the companies just "THQ" to avoid connections to the bankrupt publisher's more recent troubled history.[19]

THQ Nordic undertook itsinitial public offeringon 22 November 2016 and became apublic companylisted on theNasdaq First Northstock exchange, being valuated at 1.9 billion kr, while Wingefors retained a 50% ownership in the company.[21]In February 2018, THQ Nordic acquired the Austrian multimedia companyKoch Media,which operated theDeep Silvervideo game label, for€121 million.[22]Koch Media was set to operate independently under THQ Nordic, separate from THQ Nordic GmbH.[22]To better reflect its holding function and to avoid confusion between THQ Nordic and its Viennese office, THQ Nordic stated that it planned to rename itself in the future.[22]In June 2018, the company issued 7.7 million newClass B sharesto raiseUS$168 millionfor future acquisitions.[23]The company bought the Coffee Stain group, including houses developerCoffee Stain Studios,for 317 million kr in cash.[24]Coffee Stain became THQ Nordic's "third leg", operating independently like Koch Media.[24]Through the two acquisitions and continued sales from THQ Nordic GmbH, THQ Nordic's net sales rose by 713%, to$447.6 million,in its 2018fiscal year.[25]In December 2018,GamesIndustry.biznamed Wingefors as one of their People of the Year.[11]

Rebranding as Embracer Group and rapid growth (2019–2022)[edit]

In February 2019, THQ Nordic issued 11 million new Class B shares and raised 2.09 billion kr.[26]At the end of its firstfiscal quarterof 2019, THQ Nordic bought Game Outlet Europe for 10 million kr from Nordic Games Group, which was still majority-owned by Wingefors.[27]THQ Nordic then bought the investment arm of Goodbye Kansas, Goodbye Kansas Game Invest (GKGI), and its investments in five startup developers—Palindrome Interactive, Fall Damage, Neon Giant, Kavalri Games and Framebunker—for 42.4 million kr.[28][29]GKGI was later rebranded Amplifier Game Invest to reflect its new ownership.[30]

To avoid further confusion with THQ Nordic GmbH and clarify its position as a holding company, THQ Nordic assumed the name "Embracer Group" at itsannual general meetingon 17 September 2019, while the branch in Vienna retained its name.[31][32]In the following months, Embracer made several acquisitions and openings: Amplifier Game Invest boughtTarsier Studiosfor 99 million kr. in December 2019 and opened River End Games and C77 Entertainment in January 2020.[33][34][35]Embracer Group acquiredSaber Interactiveand its five satellite studios in February 2020 for a$525 millionto establish its fifth operative group.[36]The holding raised$164 millionin April 2020 for future expansion and boughtDeca Gamesas its sixth operative group for€25 millionin August 2020.[37][38]In the same month, the Embracer Group announced the acquisitions of Palindrome Interactive, Rare Earth Games and Vermila Studios under Amplifier Game Invest,4A GamesandNew World Interactiveunder Saber Interactive, Pow Wow Entertainment under THQ Nordic, and Sola Media under Koch Media's film division.[39]By November, the company had also purchased 34BigThings, Mad Head Games,Nimble Giant Entertainment,Sandbox Strategies,Snapshot GamesandZen Studiosvia Saber Interactive, A Thinking Ape Entertainment and IUGO Mobile Entertainment via Deca Games,Flying Wild Hogvia Koch Media,Purple Lamp Studiosvia THQ Nordic, Silent Games via Amplifier Game Invest, as well as Quantic Lab directly.[40]According to Klemens Kreuzer, the chief executive officer of THQ Nordic, the large number of acquisitions represented aportfolio diversificationthat contrasted the reliance of larger publishers like Electronic Arts on a few keystone titles.[41]

Embracer Group announced three major acquisitions in February 2021: Gearbox Entertainment (includingGearbox Software) for$1.3 billionand Easybrain for$640 millionas the seventh and eighth operative groups, as well asAspyr(under Saber Interactive) for$450 million.[42][43][44]These acquisitions were completed by April 2021.[45]Embracer Group began issuing additional stock in March 2021 and raised another$890 millionto further its acquisition strategies.[46]That year, the company also bought3D Realms,Demiurge Studios,Fractured Byte,Slipgate Ironworksand SmartPhone Labs through Saber Interactive, Appeal Studios, Kaiko and Massive Miniteam through THQ Nordic, Frame Break through Amplifier Game Invest, CrazyLabs through Deca Games,Ghost Ship Gamesand Easy Trigger Games through Coffee Stain,DigixArtthrough Koch Media, as well as Grimfrost directly.[47][48][49]Asmodee,which principally distributed board games, became Embracer Group's ninth operative group for€2.75 billionin December 2021.[50]In the same month, Embracer Group announced its tenth operative group with the acquisition of Dark Horse Media, the parent company ofDark Horse ComicsandDark Horse Entertainment,and Gearbox Entertainment purchasedPerfect World Entertainment,includingCryptic Studios,for$125 million.[51][52]

In May 2022,Square Enixand Embracer Group entered into an agreement for Embracer Group to purchaseCrystal Dynamics,Eidos-Montréal,andSquare Enix Montreal,alongsideintellectual propertieslikeTomb Raider,Deus Ex,Thief,andLegacy of Kain,for$300 million.[53][54]The acquisition was closed by August 2022 and the assets transferred to CDE Entertainment.[55][56]Square Enix Montréal was briefly rebranded as Onoma but closed in November 2022 in acost reductionmeasure.[57][58]Additionally, Embracer Group created the Embracer Group Archivevideo game preservationeffort in May and established its eleventh operative group, Freemode, from C77 Entertainment, Game Outlet Europe, Grimfrost, Quantic Lab, and the newly purchased Bitwave Games, Clear River Games, Gioteck, and Tatsujin.[59][60]The latter was subsequently expanded with the acquisitions ofLimited Run Games,Singtrix, andMiddle-earth Enterprises,which owns the media rights forThe Lord of the RingsandThe Hobbit.[61][62]

Debt and restructuring (2022–present)[edit]

Savvy Gaming Group (laterSavvy Games Group), a company wholly owned by Saudi Arabia'sPublic Investment Fund,invested about$1 billioninto Embracer Group in June 2022, gaining an 8.1% stake.[63]Embracer Group transitioned from Nasdaq First North toNasdaq Stockholmon 22 December 2022.[64]In May 2023, the company announced that a$2 billioninvestment deal, which had been verbally agreed on in October 2022, had unexpectedly failed to materialise as the investing partner walked away from the deal after protracted negotiations. Shortly following the announcement, the company's shares fell by 40%.[65]According toAxios,this partner was Savvy Games Group.[66]Embracer Group consequently announced in June 2023 that it would immediately begin implementing a large-scale restructuring programme focused on cost reduction, comprising layoffs, studio closures and divestments, and project cancellations until March 2024.[67]The company closed the THQ Nordic studio Campfire Cabal in June and the Plaion studiosVolitionin August andFree Radical Designin December.[68][69][70]Other studios were subject to layoffs.[71][72]

By November 2023, Embracer Group had laid off 904 employees, roughly 5% of its workforce, and cancelled at least fifteen projects. As such, the company had reduced its debt from$2 billionto$1.5 billion,though warned that further layoffs and studio closures were likely.[73]In February 2024, it was reported that Embracer Group was finalising the sales of Saber Interactive and Gearbox Entertainment.[74][75]The sale of Saber Interactive was announced in March 2024. Beacon Interactive, a company owned by Saber Interactive's co-founder Matthew Karch, bought Saber Interactive for$247 millionalongside its satellite studios and the subsidiaries 3D Realms, Bytex,Digic Pictures,Fractured Byte, Mad Head Games, New World Interactive, Nimble Giant Entertainment, Sandbox Strategies, Slipgate Ironworks, SmartPhone Labs, and Stuntworks. 34BigThings, 4A Games, Aspyr,Beamdog,Demiurge Studios, Shiver Entertainment, Snapshot Games,Tripwire Interactive,Tuxedo Labs,and Zen Studios remained with Embracer Group, to be integrated with other operative groups, although Beacon Interactive received an option to acquire 4A Games and Zen Studios in the future.[76][77]The divestiture also comprised 2,950 employees (21% of Embracer Group's workforce), including all staff in Russia.[78]According toJason SchreierofBloomberg News,Beacon Interactive plans to exercise its option for a combined purchase price of$500 million.[76][77]

In March 2024,Take-Two Interactiveannounced that they will acquire Gearbox Entertainment and will be moved under the2Klabel. After the sale will be closed, Gearbox Entertainment will retain Gearbox Software, Gearbox Publishing, Gearbox Studio Montreal, Gearbox Studio Quebec, Gearbox Properties and theBorderlands,Homeworld,Risk of Rain,Brothers in ArmsandDuke Nukemfranchises, while Embracer Group retained Gearbox Publishing San Francisco (including Gearbox Shanghai), which was renamed Arc Games;Cryptic Studios;Lost Boys Interactive; and Captured Dimensions alongside several titles. Retained companies will be integrated into other parts of Embracer Group in the coming period.[79]

With the sale of Gearbox, Embracer CEO Lars Wingefors stated that the company restructuring was complete, and had no short term plans to restart mergers or acquisitions, instead focusing on "simply making better products and games" to improve cash flow.[80]From June 2023 to May 2024, the structuring had led to the loss of 4532 employees, the closure of 44 studios, and cancellation of 80 in-development projects[81](Including new DeusEx,[82]TimeSplitters[83]and Red Faction[84]games). Despite these steps, the company still faced $1.5 billion in debt.[85]

In April 2024, Embracer Group announced that it would split up into three separate publicly-traded companies on the Swedish stock market within the next two years. The "Middle-earth Enterprises & Friends", a placeholder name and the legal successor to Embracer Group, will be used for triple-A game development and publishing for its major IP properties, and will include Crystal Dynamics, Dambuster, Eidos Montreal, Flying Wild Hog, Tripwire, Vertigo Games, Warhorse Studios and 4A Games, as well as publishers Plaion, Dark Horse Comics, and Freemode. The Asmodee Group will be the publisher of board and card games from Asmodee and its studios. "Coffee Stain & Friends", a placeholder name, will include the indie game publishers and studios, including Coffee Stain, THQ Nordic, Ghost Ship, Tuxedo Labs, Tarsier, and Amplifier Game Invest. The latter two companies are expected to be split off within 2025. Wingefors will own all three companies and remain as the group CEO once the splits are complete.[86][87][88]

In May 2024,Nintendoannounced their acquisition of Shiver Entertainment from Embracer, subject to closing conditions.[89][90]In June 2024, Embracer closedAlone in the Dark (2024)developer Pieces Interactive, following the game's disappointing performance.[91]

Subsidiaries[edit]

See also:List of mergers and acquisitions by Embracer Group

As of June 2024, Embracer Group employs 12,000+ people across 108 studios in 10 operative groups.[92]

Former subsidiaries[edit]

  • Foxglove Studios (founded by THQ Nordic in 2016, divested in 2019)
  • Square Enix Montréal(acquired by CDE Entertainment in August 2022, closed in November 2022)
  • Plucky Bytes (founded by Amplifier Game Invest in November 2020, closed in 2023)
  • Vermila Studios (acquired by Amplifer Game Invest in August 2020, divested in 2023)
  • Campfire Cabal (founded by THQ Nordic in September 2022, closed in August 2023)
  • Goose Byte (founded by Amplifier Game Invest in December 2021, divested in August 2023)
  • Volition(acquired by Deep Silver in January 2013, closed in August 2023)
  • River End Games (founded by Amplifier Game Invest in January 2020, divested in November 2023)
  • Free Radical Design(reestablished by Deep Silver in May 2021, closed in December 2023)
  • Saber Interactive(acquired in February 2020, divested in March 2024)
  • Rainbow Studios(reestablished by THQ Nordic in January 2013, divested in March 2024)
  • Shiver Entertainment (acquired by Saber Interactive in December 2021, sold toNintendoin May 2024)
  • Gearbox Entertainment(acquired in 2021, sold toTake-Two Interactivein June 2024)
  • Pieces Interactive (acquired by THQ Nordic in 2017, closed in June 2024)

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External links[edit]

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