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Endosex

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Anendosexperson is someone whose innatesex characteristicsfit normative medical ideas for female or male bodies. The wordendosexis anantonymofintersex.

Etymology and meaning

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Look upendosex,dyadic,perisex,orintersexin Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

The prefixendo-comes from theAncient Greekἔνδον(éndon), meaning 'inner, internal', while the termsexis derived fromLatinsexus,meaning 'gender; gender traits; males or females; genitals'. The Latin term is derived fromProto-Indo-European*séksus,from*sek-,"to cut", thus meaning section or division into male and female.[1]

Surya Monro states that the term is used to "indicate a person born withsex characteristicsthat are seen as typically male or female at birth, therefore notmedicalizedas intersex ".[2]Janik Bastien-Charleboisuses the term to identify "people whose sexual development is considered normal by medicine and society".[3]

Origin

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An early English-language reference to the termendosexcan be found in a symposium on intersex held at a European Federation of Sexology congress in Berlin, Germany, on June 30, 2000, where Heike Bödeker spoke on "Intersex as an ostension of the endosex group phantasy".[4]Bödeker has written that she coined the term in the spring of 1999,[5]stating in English translation:

Just as dialectically one could not be heterosexual if there were no homosexuals, just as one could not be cissexual if there were no transsexuals, so neither could one be endosex if there were not intersex people. Or more generally, one could not be "normal" at all if there were no abnormalities (mostly with the implication that there would be no "inside" if there were no "outside" – namely regarding one's position relative to the group).[5][a]

Importance and disambiguation

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Endosexhas been used to identify the importance of storytelling by intersex youth in their own words, and without being recontextualized or rewritten by non-intersex people.[6][7]

The term can be distinguished fromcisgender,an antonym oftransgender,which is used to describe someone whosegender identitymatches theirsex assigned or observedat birth.[8]In journal articles onnon-binary genderby Monro and the reproductive rights of transgender people by Blas Radi, the authors use the term to help distinguish the different lived experiences of people who are both intersex and transgender from people who are transgender and not intersex.[2][9]

Usage

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TheNational Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicinereported in 2020 that "some advocates and providers are increasingly using the term endosex to describe people whose reproductive or secondary sex characteristics align with medical binaries."[10]

The term has been used inintersex human rightsadvocacy,[11][12][13]and in publications providing peer support, including works intended for parents of intersex children and for intersex youth.[14][6][15][7]

Academic writers and peer support workers have used the concept to identify how people with intersex bodies have been obliged to adapt to societies that only accept endosex bodies. Brömdal and others state that sexuality education curricula privilege endosex bodies and experiences, promoting feelings of shame and secrecy in intersex students.[16]In a media interview, a support group organizer states that intersex people undergo unnecessary medical examinations that would be prohibited on endosex women.[17]

Zelada and Quesada Nicoli state that States justify cosmetic adaptation surgeries because intersex bodies cannot be understood, and that it is intersex people who must adapt to a model of "endosex privilege".[18]Monro and others state that "entrenched and traditionalist medical and social norms impede attempts to change practices to support bodily diversity and to ensure intersex people have equal citizenship to endosex people", calling for the "co-production of knowledge" by intersex and endosex people in intersex studies.[19]

In September 2020,Dominic Perrottet,theTreasurer of New South Walesstate in Australia stated that a directive from his Department encouraging use of inclusive language was "completely unacceptable", following an official message to Treasury staff by its Economic Strategy Deputy Secretary, Joann Wilkie.[20]Wilkie had suggested "not assuming when you're talking to a colleague that they are heterosexual/cisgendered/endosex".[21][22]The Daily Telegraphreported that Perrottet wanted staff to feel included, and was unaware of the meaning of the word endosex.[20][23]

See also

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  • Cisgender,someone whose gender matches the sex they were assigned at birth
  • Heterosexual,someone attracted to the opposite sex or gender
  • Dyadicandperisex,both alternative terms for non-intersex individuals

References

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Notes
  1. ^Heike Bödeker quotation from 2000 in the original German:

    Genauso wie man dialektischerweise nicht heterosexuell sein könnte, gäbe es keine Homosexuellen, wie man nicht cissexuell sein könnte, gäbe es keine Transsexuellen, so könnte man auch nicht endosexuell sein, gäbe es keine Intersexuellen. Oder auch ganz allgemeinhin, man könnte gar nicht »normal« sein, gäbe es keine Anormalität (meist mit der Implikation, es gäbe kein »drinnen«, gäbe es kein »draußen« – nämlich bezogen auf die Positionierung relativ zur Gruppe).[5]
Citations
  1. ^von Wartburg, Walther.""sexus"".Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch(in German). Vol. 110. p. 560.Archivedfrom the original on 2021-05-12.Retrieved2021-03-30.
  2. ^abMonro, Surya (2019)."Non-binary and genderqueer: An overview of the field".International Journal of Transgenderism.20(2–3): 126–131.doi:10.1080/15532739.2018.1538841.ISSN1553-2739.PMC6830997.PMID32999600.
  3. ^Bastien Charlebois, Janik(September 2, 2016),De la lourdeur d'écrire un article universitaire sur les enjeux intersexes lorsqu'on est soi-même intersexe(in French), Observatoire des transidentités,archivedfrom the original on April 10, 2021,retrievedMarch 27,2021,personnes dont le développement sexuel est considéré normal par la médecine et la société
  4. ^Bödeker, Heike (June 30, 2000).Symposium on Intersexuality.European Federation of Sexology Congress. Berlin.RetrievedMarch 27,2021.
  5. ^abcBödeker, Heike (2016). "Intersexualität, Individualität, Selbstbestimmtheit und Psychoanalyse Ein Besinnungsaufsatz". In Michaela Katzer; Heinz-Jürgen Voß (eds.).Geschlechtliche, sexuelle und reproduktive Selbstbestimmung(in German). Gießen: Psychosozial-Verlag. pp. 117–136.doi:10.30820/9783837967999-117.ISBN978-3-8379-2546-3.
  6. ^abYOUth&I Issue 1(PDF).Steph Lum (ed.). Stephanie Lum. October 2019.ISBN978-0-646-80877-2.Archived(PDF)from the original on 2021-03-06.Retrieved2021-03-27.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: others (link)
  7. ^abRose, Maddie (October 21, 2020)."What Intersex People Want You to Know About Sex".Teen Vogue.Archivedfrom the original on March 5, 2021.RetrievedMarch 28,2021.
  8. ^"cisgender".Merriam-Webster Dictionary.n.d.Archivedfrom the original on March 26, 2019.RetrievedMarch 8,2021.
  9. ^Radi, Blas (October 15, 2020)."Reproductive injustice, trans rights, and eugenics".Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters.28(1).doi:10.1080/26410397.2020.1824318.PMC7888063.PMID33054686.S2CID222819647.
  10. ^National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2020). Patterson, Charlotte J; Sepúlveda, Martín-José; White, Jordyn (eds.).Understanding the Well-Being of LGBTQI+ Populations.Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.doi:10.17226/25877.ISBN978-0-309-68081-3.PMID33104312.S2CID226586453.{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ^Intersex Human Rights Australia (March 2, 2021)."Media and style guide".Intersex Human Rights Australia.Archivedfrom the original on March 25, 2021.RetrievedMarch 27,2021.
  12. ^Australian Human Rights Commission."Terminology".Archivedfrom the original on March 19, 2021.RetrievedMarch 27,2021.
  13. ^Duck-Chong, Liz (November 30, 2020)."Mark Latham's bill seeks to ensure trans and queer children remain in the closet".The Guardian.ISSN0261-3077.Archivedfrom the original on April 23, 2021.RetrievedMarch 28,2021.
  14. ^Egale Canada (2020)."Supporting Your Intersex Child, A resource for parents and guardians".Egale Canada.Archivedfrom the original on April 15, 2021.RetrievedMarch 27,2021.
  15. ^"LGBTIQ+: The Ultimate Dictionary, A list of important words you'll hear used in LGBTIQ+ communities".Kids Helpline.October 8, 2019.Archivedfrom the original on April 14, 2021.RetrievedMarch 27,2021.
  16. ^Brömdal, Annette; Zavros-Orr, Agli; lisahunter; Hand, Kirstine;Hart, Bonnie(2020)."Towards a whole-school approach for sexuality education in supporting and upholding the rights and health of students with intersex variations".Sex Education.21(5): 568–583.doi:10.1080/14681811.2020.1864726.ISSN1468-1811.S2CID234387755.Archivedfrom the original on 2023-07-10.Retrieved2021-03-27.
  17. ^Maheshwari-Aplin, Prishita (October 29, 2019)."Intersex people on how they want to be treated and accepted".Dazed.Archivedfrom the original on May 10, 2021.RetrievedMarch 27,2021.
  18. ^Zelada, Carlos J; Quesada Nicoli, Diego (2019)."Lxs otrxs invisibles: Hacia una narrativa jurídica para la prohibición de las cirugías de" normalización genital "".Revista Ius et Veritas(in Spanish) (59): 124–144.doi:10.18800/iusetveritas.201902.009.ISSN2411-8834.
  19. ^Monro, Surya;Carpenter, Morgan;Crocetti, Daniela;Davis, Georgiann;Garland, Fae; Griffiths, David; Hegarty, Peter; Travis, Mitchell;Grinspan, Mauro Cabral;Aggleton, Peter (2021)."Intersex: cultural and social perspectives".Culture, Health & Sexuality.23(4): 431–440.doi:10.1080/13691058.2021.1899529.ISSN1369-1058.PMID33783329.
  20. ^abClark, Georgia (September 8, 2020). "Honey, we need to have a word. (2020, Sep 08). The Daily Telegraph".The Daily Telegraph.
  21. ^"Dominic Perrottet to quash NSW Treasury lecture on 'pronoun preference'".Sky News Australia.September 7, 2020.Archivedfrom the original on May 12, 2021.RetrievedMarch 27,2021.
  22. ^Chung, Frank (September 7, 2020)."NSW Treasury asks bureaucrats to add 'pronoun preference' to emails in 'safe space' training".News.au.Archivedfrom the original on May 12, 2021.RetrievedMarch 27,2021.
  23. ^Fordham, Ben (September 7, 2020)."PC brigade reaches NSW Treasury: Dominic Perrottet admits it's time 'to get real'".2GB.Archivedfrom the original on April 17, 2021.RetrievedMarch 27,2021.
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