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Evan Bayh

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Evan Bayh
Official portrait, 2004
United States Senator
fromIndiana
In office
January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2011
Preceded byDan Coats
Succeeded byDan Coats
46thGovernor of Indiana
In office
January 9, 1989 – January 13, 1997
LieutenantFrank O'Bannon
Preceded byRobert Orr
Succeeded byFrank O'Bannon
56thSecretary of State of Indiana
In office
December 1, 1986 – January 9, 1989
GovernorRobert Orr
Preceded byEdwin Simcox
Succeeded byJoe Hogsett
Personal details
Born
Birch Evans Bayh III

(1955-12-26)December 26, 1955(age 68)
Shirkieville, Indiana,U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse
(m.1985; died 2021)
Children2
Parent(s)Birch Evans Bayh Jr.(father)
Marvella Bayh(mother)
EducationIndiana University, Bloomington(BS)
University of Virginia(JD)
Signature

Birch Evans"Evan"Bayh III(/b/BY;[1]born December 26, 1955) is an American politician who served as the46thgovernor of Indianafrom 1989 to 1997 and as aUnited States senatorrepresentingIndianafrom 1999 to 2011. A member of theDemocratic Party,he currently serves on thePresident's Intelligence Advisory Board.

Bayh is the son of SenatorBirch Bayh, Jr.and the grandson of basketball coachBirch E. Bayh.[2]He was first elected to public office as theSecretary of State of Indianain 1986. He held the position for two years before being elected Governor. He left his office after completing two terms and briefly took a job lecturing atIndiana University Bloomington.He was elected to Congress as a Senator in1998and reelected in2004.

On February 15, 2010, Bayh unexpectedly announced he would not seek reelection to the Senate in2010.After leaving the Senate, he was replaced by his predecessor,Dan Coats,and became a partner with the law and consulting firmMcGuireWoodsin the firm's Washington, D.C. office,[3]and also became a senior adviser withApollo Global Management.He was a part-time contributor forFox Newsfrom March 2011 to July 2016.[4]In June 2011 he became a messaging adviser for theU.S. Chamber of Commerce.[5]On October 27, 2011, it was announced thatBerry Plastics Corp.had appointed Bayh to its board of directors.[6]

Following the withdrawal of 2016 Democratic primary winnerBaron Hill,Bayh announced that he would be running to take back his old Senate seat from retiring Republican incumbent Dan Coats.[7]He was defeated byTodd Youngin thegeneral electionby a 10-point margin (52% to 42%).[8]On June 15, 2022, PresidentJoe Bidennamed Bayh to serve as a member of thePresident's Intelligence Advisory Board.

Personal life

[edit]
Bayh with his father Birch and mother Marvella during his father's 1962 Senate campaign

Birch Evans Bayh III[9]was born on December 26, 1955, inShirkieville, Indiana,[10]toMarvella Bayh(née Hern; 1933–1979) andBirch E. Bayh Jr.(1928–2019), who was aU.S. Senatorfrom 1963 until 1981, following his electoral defeat by then-Representativeand futureVice PresidentDan Quayle.

Bayh with his father and his young sons
Bayh with his late wife and sons in the early-2000s

Evan Bayh attendedSt. Albans SchoolinWashington, D.C.,and graduated with honors with a B.S. in business administration from theKelley School of BusinessatIndiana University Bloomingtonin 1978. At Indiana, he became a member of thePhi Kappa Psifraternity's Indiana Beta chapter.

Bayh withPresidentBill Clintonin 1993

Bayh received hisJuris Doctor(J.D.) degree from theUniversity of Virginia School of Lawin 1981, and in 1982, he was a law clerk for U.S. District JudgeJames Ellsworth Noland.[11] Bayh and his late wife,Susan,had twin sons, Birch Evans IV (Beau) and Nicholas, born in 1995.[12]Susan Bayh served on corporate boards, including health insurance companyAnthem.[13]She was a law professor.[14]

Susan died fromglioblastomaon February 5, 2021.[15]

Indiana state politics

[edit]
As governor, Bayh implemented a $1.6 billion tax cut, the largest in state history, before Governor Mike Pence implemented one larger in 2013

After a debate over whether he met the state's five-year residency requirement to be on the ballot,[16]Bayh defeated former Kokomo Mayor Steve Daily in the Democratic primary of the1988 Indiana gubernatorial election.He went on to defeat the incumbent lieutenant governor (RepublicanJohn Mutz) in the general election, becoming the first Democrat to serve as Governor of Indiana in 20 years. Only 32 years old upon his election and 33 when he took office, Bayh became the youngest governor in the nation at the time.[17]He was re-elected as governor in1992,defeating State Attorney General Linley E. Pearson with 63% of the vote.[18]

By the end of his second term, Bayh had an approval rating of nearly 80 percent.[16]He was ineligible to seek a third consecutive term in 1996 due to term limits.[19]

When his second term as governor ended in 1997, he accepted a lecturing position at his alma mater, theKelley School of BusinessatIndiana University Bloomington.[16]From 1997 to 1998, while he was campaigning for U.S. Senate, Bayh was also hired as a partner atIndianapolislaw firmBaker & Daniels.In 1998, his Baker & Daniels salary was $265,000, according to Senate financial records. Indiana University paid him an additional $51,000 that year.[20]

United States Senate

[edit]
Bayh, joined by his late wife and sons, takes the oath of office for his first term in the Senate
2004 re-election campaign logo

Bayh was elected to theU.S. Senatein 1998 to the seat that was once held by his father. He won with 64% of the vote, the largest margin ever recorded for a Democrat in a U.S. Senate race in Indiana, defeating formerFort WayneMayorPaul Helmke. He easily won reelection in 2004, defeating Prof. Marvin Scott, receiving 62% of the vote—in the process, becoming only the fifth Indiana Democrat to be popularly elected to a second term in the Senate.

Bayh released an autobiography in 2003 entitledFrom Father to Son: A Private Life in the Public Eye.

From 2001 to 2005, Bayh served as Chairman of theDemocratic Leadership Council(DLC). He is also a member of theSenate Centrist Coalition,helped establish theNew Democrat Coalition,and founded theModerate Dems Working Group.[21]Bayh also served on the board of directors of theNational Endowment for Democracy.[22]

Bayh was an early supporter of the Bush administration's policies on Iraq.[23][24][25]On October 2, 2002, Bayh joined PresidentGeorge W. BushandCongressionalleaders in aRose Gardenceremony announcing their agreement on thejoint resolutionauthorizing theIraq War,and was thanked by Bush and SenatorJohn McCainfor co-sponsoring the resolution.[26]He voted yes on reauthorizing thePatriot Actin 2006.[27]

Bayh speaking withPresident Barack ObamaonAir Force Onein 2009

In the aftermath of theFinancial crisis of 2007–2008,Bayh joined with his fellow senators in hurrying tobail out U.S. financial institutions.Addressing the launch of theNo Labelspolitical organization, he "described a scene from 2008 whereBen Bernankewarned senators that the sky would collapse if the banks weren't rescued. 'We looked at each other,' said Bayh, 'and said, okay, what do we need.' "[28]

Retirement

[edit]

On February 15, 2010, Bayh announced he would not seek reelection to a third Senate term in the November 2, 2010, midterm election. Bayh's announcement came very shortly after former SenatorDan Coatsdeclared his own candidacy for Bayh's Senate seat.[29]Because he made his announcement the day before the deadline for filing for theprimary,no Democrat was able to gather a sufficient number of signatures to qualify for the primary ballot, so the state party committee chose CongressmanBrad Ellsworthas the nominee.[30][31]

According to theAssociated Press,Bayh spent a significant portion of his last year in office searching for a job, holding over four dozen meetings with potential corporate employers between February and December 2010.[32]He also cast votes on issues of interest to his future corporate employers.[32]ACNNanalysis of Bayh's internal 2009 schedule found that he "maneuvered behind the scenes" and "privately engaged with fundraisers, lobbyists and donors who had a keen interest on the issues dominating Capitol Hill," raising potential conflict-of-interest concerns. His meetings included sessions with lobbyists for the health insurance industry prior to his announcement that he would support theAffordable Care Act.[33]

Committee assignments

[edit]

Relationship between office and late wife's corporate career

[edit]

Susan Bayh,Evan Bayh's late wife, has been described by the Fort WayneJournal Gazetteas a "professional board member" or "professional director", having been a director of fourteen corporations since 1994 and being a director of eight as of 2006.[34]

TheJournal Gazettereported that since Susan Bayh began her career as a corporate director, "Sen. Evan Bayh [has] cast more than 3,000 votes, including some on issues of keen interest to the pharmaceutical, broadcast, insurance, food-distribution and finance industries".[34]

Since 2003, Bayh prohibited his staff from havinglobbyingcontacts with his late wife or representatives of the companies she directs. Bayh has insisted his late wife's ties have had no bearing on his congressional actions. "The reality is I don't even know the people who run the vast majority of her companies. I've never even spoken to them," Bayh told theJournal Gazette."The reality is, we don't talk about stuff that she's involved with."[34]

2008 U.S. presidential election

[edit]
Bayh in New Hampshire for his campaign
Bayh with Hillary Clinton for her campaign

On December 1, 2006, news sources revealed that Bayh was creating a presidentialexploratory committee.[35]Bayh confirmed these reports on December 3.[36]On December 15, 2006, Bayh announced that he would not run for president in 2008. He later endorsedHillary Clinton.[37]

Bayh speaks during the third night of the2008 Democratic National ConventioninDenver, Colorado

During the2008 United States Presidential campaign,Bayh stated that he would accept an offer to be Barack Obama's running mate.[38]According toDavid Plouffe,it was a "coin toss" between Bayh andJoe Bidenfor Obama's pick for vice president, withTim Kainebeing a contender before deciding to focus on the DNC chairmanship.[39]However, in his 2020 memoirA Promised LandBarack Obama does not mention that Bayh was considered a possible running mate, and indicated that when making the final decision as to who would be the second name on the ticket it was a straight choice between Biden and Kaine.[40]

Post-Senate career

[edit]
Bayh speaking at an event during the2012 Democratic National Convention

After his retirement from the U.S. Senate, Bayh campaigned for SenatorJoe Donnelly's two-day, five-city "main street tour," among other visits, and introduced Donnelly before his victory speech in Indiana's2012 U.S. Senate election.[41][42][43]

As of the end of 2015, Bayh had just over $9 million in unspent campaign cash.[44][45]

Bayh withHaley Barbourin 2013

Bayh's net worth soared to between $13.9 million and $48 million after he left office and began a post-Congress career with lobbying firms and corporate boards.[46]This was a significant increase over the $6.8-$8.0 million in assets he reported during his last year in Congress.[47]Bayh received over $6 million in compensation from salary, compensation from corporate boards, and speaking fees from January 2015 through October 2016.[46]

2016 U.S. Senate campaign

[edit]
Bayh's 2016 campaign logo

On July 11, 2016,CNNreported that Bayh was preparing to enter the2016 U.S. Senate election in Indianato run for the seat being vacated by Dan Coats, who was retiring.Baron Hill,who won an uncontested primary to become the Democratic nominee on May 3, formally withdrew from the race on the same day to make way for Bayh's candidacy.[48][49]

Bayh ran into criticism in August 2016 over his residency status in Indiana.WFLI-TVreported that he was listed twice as an "inactive voter" in Indiana records.[50]CNNreported that Bayh repeatedly listed his two multimillion-dollar houses in Washington, D.C., as his primary residences, not his $53,000 condo in Indianapolis.[51]When asked by a local television reporter to state his Indiana address, he stated the wrong address.[52][53]In response, Bayh stated that he "voted in every primary and every general election for the last 25 to 30 years" and is "an active voter in Indiana," and when asked how often he is in Indiana, he stated, "all the time, frequently."[50]

Bayh was defeated by Republican RepresentativeTodd Young52%-42% in the November election.[8][54][55]This was Bayh's first ever defeat in his home state, where he was once considered "unbeatable".[56]

Political positions

[edit]

Abortion

[edit]

Evan Bayh has a 100% rating byNARAL.[57]He voted in favor of thePartial-Birth Abortion Ban Actin 2003. He voted against theUnborn Victims of Violence Actin 2004. He voted in favor of the Child Interstate Abortion Notification Act in 2006.[58]He voted against an amendment to prohibit federal funds from going to groups that support coerced abortion. He repeatedly voted against amendments to prohibit federal funds from being used for abortions.[58]

Agriculture

[edit]

Bayh voted for the2002 Farm Billthat provided financial support accessible to rural communities. The bill provides funds for rural water and waste infrastructure. The Farm Bill also provides technology for rural residents' technical skills.[59]

Capital punishment

[edit]

As Governor of Indiana, Bayh was a vocal supporter ofcapital punishment.[60]

Civil rights

[edit]

Bayh has a mixed but left-leaning record on civil rights, having earned a 60% by theACLU(2002), and 89% by theHRC(2006), and a 100% by theNAACP(2006). Some of his votes include a 1998 vote where Bayh voted to continue nonquotaaffirmative actionprograms. He voted to add sexual orientation under hate crime rules in both 2000 and 2002. In 2001, he voted yes to ease wiretapping restrictions. In 2006, he voted yes on a flag-burning constitutional amendment and no on an amendment to bansame-sex marriage.[27]

Climate change

[edit]

Bayh has been called "a fence-sitter on climate legislation," because he has stated concern about the effects of climate change but he also values cheap energy as beneficial to Indiana's manufacturing industry.[61]In 2008 he signed a letter expressing concerns with a cap-and-trade bill known as theClimate Security Actthat was then on the Senate floor,[62]but he ultimately voted for the bill.[63]In 2010 he voted to prevent theEPAfrom regulatinggreenhouse gaspollution.[64]

Economy

[edit]

At a speech to theCommonwealth Club of California,Bayh said:

What concerns me most about President Bush's tax and budget proposals, is that they threaten to undermine the foundation of the '90s' prosperity – replacing the "virtuous cycle" created by fiscal responsibility with a "vicious cycle" of deficits and debt, rising interest rates, anddisinvestment.His proposals constitute a narrow ideological agenda, not an effective economic strategy, and completely fail to grasp the realities of the New Economy and the many requirements for economic success in the 21st Century.[65]

Education

[edit]

As governor, Bayh created the 21st Century Scholars program, which promises at-risk middle school students full tuition scholarships in return for being drug, alcohol and crime-free and maintaining decent grades. Iowa and Wisconsin have both introduced legislation modeling Bayh's program.[66][67]

Environment

[edit]

Health care

[edit]

Bayh introduced the Medicare Prescription Drug Emergency Guarantee Act of 2006 to amend titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act to assure uninterrupted access to necessary medicines under the Medicare prescription drug program.[68]Bayh proposed legislation he says could help cut health care insurance premiums by at least 20 percent for small businesses and individuals.[69]He voted in favor of thePatient Protection and Affordable Care Actand the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (both 2010).[70][71]

Israel

[edit]

He is a member ofAIPAC's advisory committee.[72]

Iran

[edit]

Bayh appeared onCNN'sLate Editionin January 2006[73]and referred to the "radical, almost delusional nature of theIranianregime "and recent comments of Iranian PresidentMahmoud Ahmadinejadthatthe Holocaustis a "myth. To deny history like this, this virulent anti-Semitism, their sponsoring of terrorism, their search for a nuclear weapon – ought to be a wake-up call to every American. Appeasement won't work. We need to use diplomacy, economic sanctions, other means, so we won't have to resort to military action."[73]

Bayh introduced legislation in January 2006 that would impose sanctions on Iran.[74]

On January 20, 2006, Bayh introduced a resolution calling for economic sanctions on Iran, with the goal of deterring Iran from developing nuclear weapons.[75]In 2007, Bayh "supported the Kyl-Lieberman amendment that Obama made a key part of his critique of Clinton."[76][77]

Iraq

[edit]
Bayh shakes the hand of a Marine while visiting Iraq in January 2006

Bayh was an early supporter of the idea of removingSaddam Husseinfrom power for humanitarian reasons.[23]

On October 2, 2002, Bayh joined President George W. Bush and congressional leaders in a Rose Garden ceremony announcing their agreement on the joint resolution authorizing the Iraq War, and was thanked by Bush and Senator John McCain for co-sponsoring the resolution.[26]In 2006, Bayh criticized the conduct of theIraq War:

It is clear to just about everyone but the die-hardneoconservativeswithin this administration that shifting our focus away fromOsama bin LadentoSaddam Husseinwas perhaps the biggest strategic blunder in our nation's history. And while we have been preoccupied withIraq,under this President,North Koreahas gone nuclear andIranis on the verge of doing so.[78]

AblogfromThe Washington Postreported that in February 2006 Bayh was quoted saying: "We've got to be somewhere between 'cut and run'... and mindlesslystaying the course.You've got to have a sensible middle ground. "[79]

Trade

[edit]

During his time in the Senate, Bayh criticized trade policies of some countries, including China. Bayh's bipartisan Stopping Overseas Subsidies (SOS) Act was intended to allow the United States to enforce its antisubsidy laws abroad. He voted againstCAFTA.[80]

Bayh placed a hold on the President's nominee to be the U.S. Trade Representative. After receiving several key commitments from nominee (later U.S. Senator)Rob Portmanto get tough on China trade, Bayh agreed to release his hold.[81]

Electoral history

[edit]
Indiana Secretary of State, 1986
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Evan Bayh 828,494 53.3%
Republican Robert Bowen 704,952 45.4%
American Linda Paterson 10,224 0.7%
Libertarian Karen Benson 10,180 0.7%
Democratic Nomination for Governor of Indiana, 1988
Candidate Votes %
Evan Bayh 493,198 83.1
Stephen Daily 66,242 11.2
Frank O'Bannon 34,360 5.8
Governor of Indiana, 1988
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Evan Bayh 1,138,574 53.2%
Republican John Mutz 1,002,207 46.8%
Governor of Indiana, 1992
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Evan Bayh (incumbent) 1,382,151 62.0%
Republican Linley Pearson 822,533 36.9%
New Alliance Mary Barton 24,378 1.1%
U.S. Senator from Indiana (Class 3), 1998
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Evan Bayh 1,012,244 63.7%
Republican Paul Helmke 552,732 34.8%
Libertarian Rebecca Sink-Burris 23,641 1.5%
U.S. Senator from Indiana (Class 3), 2004
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Evan Bayh (incumbent) 1,496,976 61.6%
Republican Marvin Scott 903,913 37.3%
Libertarian Albert Barger 27,344 1.1%
Majority 593,063 24.3%
Total votes 2,428,233 100.00%
Democratichold
U.S. Senator from Indiana (Class 3), 2016[82]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Todd Young 1,423,991 52.11%
Democratic Evan Bayh 1,158,947 42.41%
Libertarian Lucy Brenton 149,481 5.47%
Write-in James L. Johnson, Jr. 127 0.01%
Majority 265,044 9.75%
Total votes 2,732,573 100.00%
Republicanhold

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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[edit]
Political offices
Preceded by Secretary of State of Indiana
1986–1989
Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of Indiana
1989–1997
Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by
Stephen Beardsley
Democraticnominee forSecretary of State of Indiana
1986
Succeeded by
Preceded by Democraticnominee forGovernor of Indiana
1988,1992
Succeeded by
Frank O'Bannon
Preceded by Chair of theDemocratic Governors Association
1993–1994
Succeeded by
Preceded by Keynote Speaker of theDemocratic National Convention
1996
Succeeded by
Preceded by
Joe Hogsett
Democraticnominee forU.S. SenatorfromIndiana
(Class 3)

1998,2004
Succeeded by
Preceded by Chair of theDemocratic Leadership Council
2001–2005
Succeeded by
Preceded by
Baron Hill
Withdrew
Democraticnominee forU.S. SenatorfromIndiana
(Class 3)

2016
Succeeded by
U.S. Senate
Preceded by
Dan Coats
U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Indiana
1999–2011
Served alongside:Dick Lugar
Succeeded by
U.S. order of precedence(ceremonial)
Preceded byas Former US Senator Order of precedence of the United States
as Former US Senator
Succeeded byas Former US Senator